PRMT1

PRMT1
Identifiers
Aliases	PRMT1, ANM1, HCP1, HRMT1L2, IR1B4, protein arginine methyltransferase 1
External IDs	OMIM: 602950 MGI: 107846 HomoloGene: 21477 GeneCards: PRMT1
EC number	2.1.1.321
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 19 (human)[1] Band 19q13.33 Start 49,675,786 bp[1] End 49,689,029 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 7 (mouse)[2] Band 7 B3|7 29.07 cM Start 44,625,413 bp[2] End 44,635,992 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Top expressed in embryo cerebellar hemisphere anterior pituitary pituitary gland More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function methyltransferase activity histone methyltransferase activity transferase activity histone methyltransferase activity (H4-R3 specific) methyl-CpG binding mitogen-activated protein kinase p38 binding GO:0001948 protein binding identical protein binding enzyme binding N-methyltransferase activity protein-arginine omega-N asymmetric methyltransferase activity RNA binding protein methyltransferase activity protein-arginine N-methyltransferase activity histone-arginine N-methyltransferase activity protein-arginine omega-N monomethyltransferase activity S-adenosyl-L-methionine binding Cellular component cytoplasm nucleoplasm methylosome nucleus cytosol Biological process positive regulation of p38MAPK cascade positive regulation of hemoglobin biosynthetic process histone H4-R3 methylation positive regulation of erythrocyte differentiation negative regulation of megakaryocyte differentiation cell surface receptor signaling pathway methylation peptidyl-arginine methylation histone methylation neuron projection development peptidyl-arginine N-methylation peptidyl-arginine methylation, to asymmetrical-dimethyl arginine DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator resulting in cell cycle arrest regulation of transcription, DNA-templated protein methylation positive regulation of cell population proliferation regulation of megakaryocyte differentiation in utero embryonic development histone arginine methylation protein homooligomerization Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	3276	15469
Ensembl	ENSG00000126457	ENSMUSG00000109324
UniProt	Q99873	Q9JIF0
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_001207042 NM_001536 NM_198318 NM_198319	NM_001252476 NM_001252477 NM_019830
RefSeq (protein)	NP_001193971 NP_001527 NP_938074	NP_001239405 NP_001239406 NP_062804
Location (UCSC)	Chr 19: 49.68 – 49.69 Mb	Chr 7: 44.63 – 44.64 Mb
PubMed search	[3]	[4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Protein arginine N-methyltransferase 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PRMT1 gene.^[5] The HRMT1L2 gene encodes a protein arginine methyltransferase that functions as a histone methyltransferase specific for histone H4.^[6]

Function[]

PRMT1 gene encodes for the protein arginine methyltransferase that functions as a histone methyltransferase specific for histone H4 in eukaryotic cells.^[6] Specifically altering histone H4 in eukaryotes gives it the ability to remodel chromatin acting as a post-translational modifier.^[7]

Through regulation of gene expression, arginine methyltransferases control the cell cycle and death of eukaryotic cells.^[7]

Reaction pathway[]

While all PRMT enzymes catalyze the methylation of arginine residues in proteins, PRMT1 is unique in that is catalyzes the formation of asymmetrically dimethylated arginine as opposed to the PRMT2 that catalyzes the formation of symmetrically dimethylated arginine.^[8] Individual PRMT utilize S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) as the methyl donor and catalyze methyl group transfer to the ω-nitrogen of an arginine residue.^[8]

Clinical significance[]

In humans, these enzymes regulate gene expression and hence are involved in pathogenesis of many human diseases.^[9] Using enzyme inhibitors for arginine methyltransferase 1, studies were able to demonstrate the enzyme's potential as an early catalyst of various cancers.^[9][8][10]

Interactions[]

PRMT1 has been shown to interact with:

Model organisms[]

Model organisms have been used to study PRMT1 function and structure.

A conditional knockout mouse line, called Prmt1^{tm1a(EUCOMM)Wtsi[24][25]} was generated as part of the International Knockout Mouse Consortium program—a high-throughput mutagenesis project to generate and distribute animal models of disease to interested scientists.^[26][27][28]

Male and female animals underwent a standardized phenotypic screen to determine the effects of deletion.^[22][29] Twenty three tests were carried out on mutant mice and three significant abnormalities were observed.^[22] No homozygous mutant embryos were identified during gestation, and thus none survived until weaning. The remaining tests were carried out on heterozygous mutant adult mice and females displayed increased circulating creatinine levels.^[22]

References[]

Further reading[]

External links[]

• Overview of all the structural information available in the PDB for UniProt: Q99873 (Protein arginine N-methyltransferase 1) at the PDBe-KB.