Pandea rubra

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Pandea rubra
Red-paper-lantern-jellyfish-Karen-Osborn-Smithsonian-Institution.png
Scientific classification edit
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Cnidaria
Class: Hydrozoa
Order: Anthoathecata
Family: Pandeidae
Genus: Pandea
Species:
P. rubra
Binomial name
Pandea rubra
Bigelow, 1913

Pandea rubra is a species of hydrozoans distinguished by an anthomedusan jellyfish with a bright red subumbrella. P. rubra are found in extremely deep and cold Pacific Ocean waters.[1]

Nomenclature[]

Red paper lantern jellyfish is a common name for this animal because of its mantle that can crumple up or expand like a paper lantern.[2] Another reason for the name was because it was first seen on the coast of Japan and was seen as sacred.

Anatomy[]

The red paper lantern is the most common type of P. rubra that has been recorded. This medusa has a transparent, bell-shaped hood measuring about 10 centimeters in diameter and 17 centimeters from top to bottom, with between 14 and 30 tentacles that extend up to 6 times the length of its body. Inside the transparent hood is a deep red colored . JAMSTEC researcher Dr. Dhugal Lindsay is credited with naming it the paper lantern.[3]

Range and habitat[]

P. rubra has only been found in deep and cold ocean waters at only a few sites. So far reported from boreal to sub-boreal waters in the North Pacific and North Atlantic, and also in the Southern Ocean in Japan. They were found at depths between 450-1000m.[4] Environmental ranges:

  • Depth range (m): 0 - 2697.5
  • Temperature range (°C): -1.525 - 4.636
  • Nitrate (umol/L): 23.305 - 41.314
  • Salinity (PPS): 33.700 - 34.685
  • Oxygen (ml/l): 0.881 - 8.065
  • Phosphate (umol/l): 1.415 - 3.280
  • Silicate (umol/l): 13.206 - 192.813

Behavior[]

P. rubra exhibits bioluminescence, light produced by a chemical reaction within a living organism. Bio-luminescence is a type of luminescence, which is the term for a light-producing chemical reaction. Bio-luminescence is a "cold light" in that less than 20% of the light generates heat.[5]

References[]

  1. ^ "Pandea rubra; Red Paper Lantern Jellyfish". Encyclopedia of Life. Retrieved 25 October 2015.
  2. ^ "Red Paper Lantern Jellyfish". Real Monstrosities. Retrieved 25 October 2015.
  3. ^ "Pink Tentacle". Jamstec. Retrieved 28 October 2015.
  4. ^ "Pandea rubra; Red Paper Lantern Jellyfish". Encyclopedia of Life. Retrieved 25 October 2015.
  5. ^ "Bioluminescence". National Geographic.

External links[]

  1. ^ [1]
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