Paranotoreas fulva

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Paranotoreas fulva
Paranotoreas fulva female.jpg
Female
Paranotoreas fulva male.jpg
Male
Scientific classification edit
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Lepidoptera
Family: Geometridae
Genus: Paranotoreas
Species:
P. fulva
Binomial name
Paranotoreas fulva
(Hudson, 1905)[1]
Synonyms[2]
  • Lythria fulva Hudson, 1905
  • Notoreas fulva (Hudson, 1905)

Paranotoreas fulva is a species of moth in the family Geometridae. This species is endemic to New Zealand. It is classified as "At Risk, Relict" by the Department of Conservation.

Taxonomy[]

This species was first described and illustrated by George Vernon Hudson in 1905 and was given the name Lythria fulva.[1] Hudson used a specimen collected at about 3500 ft at Wedderburn, Central Otago by J. H. Lewis.[3][2] Hudson discussed and illustrated this species in his 1928 book The Butterflies and Moths of New Zealand under the name Notoreas fulva.[4][2] In 1986 proposed placing this species within the genus Paranotoreas.[5] The lectotype specimen is held at the Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa.[2]

Description[]

Hudson described the species as follows:

The expansion of the wings is 3⁄4in. The fore wings are dull grey-ish brown, greenish-tinged. There is a wavy darker band near the base ; a broad median band with a strong rounded projection towards the terman above middle ; a dull greenish band on termen preceded by row of pale dots on veins, cilia grey with blackish bars. The hind wings are dull reddish-ochreous. There are three very obscure blackish transverse lines. The cilia are grey, faintly barred with darker.[3]

Distribution[]

This species is endemic to New Zealand.[6] As well as the type locality, this species has also been found in Alexandra.[4] P. fulva also occurs in the Manorburn Ecological District,[7] as well as at Pisa Flats, Chapman Road Scientific Reserve, Springvale Junction, Moa Creek and other sites in Otago[8] and South Canterbury.[9]

Life cycle and behaviour[]

This species is a day flying moth.[9] It has been recorded on the wing in March.[4]

Host species and habitat[]

This species occurs in the salt pans of Otago[8][10] as well as at tussock grassland areas of montane South Canterbury.[9]

Conservation status[]

This moth is classified under the New Zealand Threat Classification system as being "At Risk, Relict".[11] This species is under threat as a result of loss of habitat upon which it relies.[9]

References[]

  1. ^ a b "Paranotoreas fulva (Hudsona, 1905)". www.nzor.org.nz. Landcare Research New Zealand Ltd. Retrieved 2018-05-17.
  2. ^ a b c d Dugdale, J. S. (1988). "Lepidoptera-annotated catalogue, and keys to family-group taxa" (PDF). Fauna of New Zealand. 14: 207 – via Landcare Research New Zealand Ltd.
  3. ^ a b Hudson, G. V. (1905). "On some new species of macrolepidoptera in New Zealand". Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute. 37: 355–358 – via Biodiversity Heritage Library.
  4. ^ a b c Hudson, G. V. (1928). The Butterflies and Moths of New Zealand. Wellington: Ferguson & Osborn Ltd. p. 127.
  5. ^ Craw, R.C. (5 January 2012). "Review of the genus Notoreas (sensu auctorum) (Lepidoptera: Geometridae: Larentiinae)". New Zealand Journal of Zoology. 13 (1): 131–140. doi:10.1080/03014223.1986.10422654.
  6. ^ Gordon, Dennis P., ed. (2010). New Zealand inventory of biodiversity: Kingdom animalia : chaetognatha, ecdysozoa, ichnofossils. Vol. 2. p. 461. ISBN 978-1-877257-93-3. OCLC 973607714. OL 25288394M. Wikidata Q45922947.
  7. ^ Patrick, B.H. (1989). Lepidoptera, Cicadidae, Acrididae of the Manorburn Ecological District (PDF). Wellington, N.Z.: Department of Conservation. ISBN 0-478-01144-X. Retrieved 18 May 2018.
  8. ^ a b Allen, R.B.; McIntosh, P.D. (1997). Guidelines for conservation of salt pans in central Otago (PDF). Wellington, N.Z.: Department of Conservation, New Zealand. ISBN 0478018975. Retrieved 18 May 2018.
  9. ^ a b c d Patrick, Brian H. (2006). "Conservation of New Zealand's tussock grassland moth fauna". docslide.com.br. Retrieved 2018-05-18.
  10. ^ Patrick, Brian (October 1989). "Panbiogeography and the amateur naturalist with reference to conservation implications". New Zealand Journal of Zoology. 16 (4): 749–755. doi:10.1080/03014223.1989.10422931.
  11. ^ Hoare, R.J.B.; Dugdale, J.S.; Edwards, E.D.; Gibbs, G.W.; Patrick, B.H.; Hitchmough, R.A.; Rolfe, J.R. (2017). Conservation status of New Zealand butterflies and moths (Lepidoptera), 2015 (PDF). Wellington, New Zealand: New Zealand Department of Conservation. p. 8. ISBN 9781988514383.

External links[]

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