Phaedon Gizikis
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General Phaedon Gizikis Φαίδων Γκιζίκης | |
|---|---|
 | |
| 9th President of Greece Pro tempore from 24 July 1974 through 17 December 1974 | |
| In office 25 November 1973 – 17 December 1974 | |
| Prime Minister | Adamantios Androutsopoulos Konstantinos Karamanlis |
| Preceded by | Georgios Papadopoulos |
| Succeeded by | Michail Stasinopoulos |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 16 June 1917 Volos, Kingdom of Greece |
| Died | 26 July 1999 (aged 82) Athens, Third Hellenic Republic |
| Nationality | Greek |
| Alma mater | Hellenic Military Academy |
| Awards |  Gold Cross of Valour Grand Commander of the Order of George I Grand Commander of the Order of the Phoenix War Cross Medal of Military Merit |
| Military service | |
| Allegiance |
|
| Branch/service |  Hellenic Army |
| Years of service | 1939–1974 |
| Rank |  General |
| Battles/wars | World War II
Greek Civil War 1967 Greek coup d'état |
Phaedon Gizikis (Greek: Φαίδων Γκιζίκης [ˈfeðon ɟiˈzicis]; 16 June 1917 – 26 July 1999) was a Greek army general, and the second and last President of Greece under the Junta, from 1973 to 1974.
Early life and military career[]
Born in Volos, Greece, Gizikis was a career Hellenic Army officer. His service number was 21756[1]. He graduated from the Hellenic Military Academy in 1939, achieving the rank of second lieutenant in artillery, and participated in the Greco-Italian War and the Greek Civil War. In 1967, he supported the Georgios Papadopoulos coup d'état and received a number of senior military posts during the dictatorship that followed.[2][3][4][5]
Later life[]
He was given the title of President of the Republic on 25 November 1973, after Papadopoulos was ousted by Dimitrios Ioannidis as head of the regime in an internal power struggle.[6] Three days later, he was promoted to full General (Stratigos), a decision he signed himself [7] While serving as president, following the supported coup in Cyprus, he would detract from open confrontation with Turkish forces during the invasion of Cyprus. Ioannidis would later blame Gizikis and other hesitant leaders as the reason for the Greek loss.[8] As president he gave the task of forming a new government, following the collapse of the Junta, to Constantine Karamanlis.[9] After the fall of the dictatorship in 1974, he retained his post for four months pro tempore, until a new constitution could be enacted during metapolitefsi; he was then replaced by Michail Stasinopoulos.
Gizikis retired from the army in 1974, on the same day he resigned from his position as head of state. In 1976, a military judicial council dropped proceedings against him and 88 other former officers charged with treason and mutiny for collaborating with the former junta.[2]
He died on 26 July 1999 at the NIMTS military hospital in Athens.[10]
References[]
- ^ Legislative Decree 238/1973, as published in ΦΕΚ (Government Gazzete Issue) Α 315/1973
- ^ a b "Phaedon Gizikis 1917–1999". 2002. Retrieved 30 November 2014.
- ^ Ross, Martha; Spuler, Bertold (1977). Rulers and Governments of the World. Bowker. p. 260. ISBN 978-0-85935-056-3.
Phaedon Gizikis (b. Volos 16 Jun 1917)
- ^ "Phaidon Gizikis - Munzinger Biographie". www.munzinger.de (in German). Munzinger-Archiv. Retrieved 4 May 2021.
- ^ Clogg, Richard (23 October 2011). "Obituary: General Phaedon Gizikis". The Independent. Retrieved 4 May 2021.
- ^ Ferrari, Antonio (30 April 2016). "Alekos, Oriana Fallaci e la storia d'amore spezzata quarant'anni fa". Corriere della Sera (in Italian). Retrieved 2 May 2021.
- ^ Legislative Decree 238/1973, as published in ΦΕΚ (Government Gazzete Issue) Α 315/1973
- ^ "Dimitris Ioannidis The end of the "invisible dictator"". To Vima (in Greek). 17 August 2010. Retrieved 3 May 2021.
- ^ "L'ultimo referendum in Grecia". Il Post (in Italian). 3 July 2015. Retrieved 2 May 2021.
- ^ Pace, Eric. "Phaidon Gizikis, '73 Greek Junta Officer, 82." The New York Times 30 July 1999
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- 1917 births
- 1999 deaths
- 20th-century presidents of Greece
- Leaders of the Greek junta
- Hellenic Army generals
- Leaders who took power by coup
- Presidents of Greece
- People from Volos
- Heads of government who were later imprisoned
- Greek politician stubs
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