Phosphoryl group

This article does not cite any sources. Please help by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources:  –  ·  ·  · scholar · JSTOR (May 2015) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

Phosphoryl group

A phosphoryl group is the chemical ion or radical: P⁺O₃²⁻, containing phosphorus and oxygen. (The correct chemical name for this −PO₃²⁻ group is phosphonato, and phosphono for −PO₃H₂; as phosphoryl in chemical nomenclature means a trivalent > P(O)− group.) It may exist in different protonation states.

The term is usually used to refer to compounds in which the phosphoryl group is attached to other atoms, e.g. phosphoryl chloride, or in the description of catalytic mechanisms (see: phosphorylation). In biochemical reactions involving phosphates (e.g. adenosine triphosphate), a phosphoryl group is usually transferred between the substrates (phosphoryl transfer reactions). A phosphoryl group should not be confused with a phosphate group.

The phosphoryl group plays the central role in phosphorylation.