Phreatia

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Phreatia
Phreatia limenophylax (as Eria limenophylax)-Xenia 2-130 (1874).jpg
Phreatia limenophylax
Scientific classification e
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Orchidaceae
Subfamily: Epidendroideae
Tribe: Podochileae
Subtribe: Thelasiinae
Genus: Phreatia
Lindl.[1]
Synonyms[1]
  • Rhipidorchis D.L.Jones & M.A.Clem.
  • Plexaure Endl.

Phreatia, commonly known as lace orchids,[2] is a genus of flowering plants from the orchid family, Orchidaceae, native to regions bordering the Pacific and Indian Oceans. Plants in this genus are epiphytes, sometimes with pseudobulbs, in which case there are usually one or two leaves. Others lack pseudobulbs but have up to twelve leaves. A large number of small white or greenish flowers are borne on a flowering stem emerging from a leaf axil or from the base of the pseudobulb when present but the flowers do not open widely. There are about 220 species, distributed from tropical and subtropical Asia to the Pacific.

Description[]

Orchids in the genus Phratia are epiphytic herbs similar to those in the genus Thelasis and sometimes have pseudobulbs with one or two leaves or otherwise lack pseudobulbs and have up to twelve leaves. A large number of small flowers are arranged on a flowering stem that emerges from the top of the pseudobulb when present or from a leaf axil. The flowers are resupinate, usually white or greenish and do not open widely. The sepals and petals are free from and similar to each other, but the petals are slightly smaller. The lateral sepals form a small ledge or "mentum" with the base of the column. There is sometimes a sac-like structure at the base of the labellum.[2][3][4][5]

Taxonomy and naming[]

The genus Phreatia was first formally described in 1830 by John Lindley and the description was published in his book The Genera and Species of Orchidaceous Plants.[1][6][7] The name Phreatia is derived from the Ancient Greek word phreatos meaning "a well" or "reservoir".[8]

Species list[]

The following is a list of Phreatia species accepted by the World Checklist of Selected Plant Families as at January 2019:[1]

  • J.J.Sm.
  • Ridl.
  • Ormerod
  • J.J.Sm.
  • Schltr. in K.M.Schumann & C.A.G.Lauterbach
  • P.Royen
  • Kraenzl.
  • Schltr.,
  • Ames
  • J.J.Sm.
  • Schltr. in K.M.Schumann & C.A.G.Lauterbach
  • Ridl.
  • J.J.Sm.
  • Ormerod
  • J.J.Sm.
  • Kores
  • Schltr.
  • Schltr.
  • Schltr.
  • Schltr. in K.M.Schumann & C.A.G.Lauterbach
  • Schltr. in K.M.Schumann & C.A.G.Lauterbach
  • Schltr.
  • Schltr.
  • J.J.Sm.
  • Schltr.
  • J.J.Sm.
  • J.J.Sm.
  • J.J.Sm.
  • Schltr.
  • Schltr.
    • Phreatia caudata var. caudata
    • Phreatia caudata var. tenuissima Schltr.
  • Gilli
  • Ames
  • Schltr.
  • Schltr.
  • J.J.Sm.
  • Ridl.
  • Schltr.
  • Ridl.
  • Phreatia crassiuscula Nicholls – green caterpillar orchid
  • Schltr.
  • Schltr.
  • J.J.Sm.
  • (Gilli) Ormerod
  • Schltr.
    • Phreatia cylindrostachya var. cylindrostachya
    • Phreatia cylindrostachya var. grandifolia Schltr.
  • J.J.Sm.
  • Schltr.
  • (Rchb.f.) Kraenzl. in H.G.A.Engler (ed.)
  • (Blume) Lindl.
    • Phreatia densiflora var. densiflora
    • Phreatia densiflora var. vietnamensis Aver.
  • Ridl.
  • J.J.Sm.
  • Schltr.
  • Schltr.
  • J.J.Sm.
  • Schltr.
  • Lindl.
  • Schltr.
  • J.M.H.Shaw
  • Ridl.
  • Schltr.
  • Ridl.
  • Kores
  • Rolfe ex Hemsl.
    • Phreatia formosana var. continentalis Aver.
    • Phreatia formosana var. formosana
  • Carr
  • P.Royen
  • Kores
  • Ormerod
  • (A.Rich.) Lindl.
  • J.J.Sm.
  • A.D.Hawkes
  • Schltr.
  • Schltr.
  • J.J.Sm.
  • J.J.Sm.
  • Ormerod
  • J.J.Sm.
  • Schltr.
  • Schltr.
  • Ames
  • Schltr.
  • Schltr.
  • Ormerod
  • Ormerod
  • Fukuy.
  • Schltr.
  • Schltr.
  • Schltr.
  • Schltr.
  • Schltr.
  • Ridl.
  • Rolfe
  • Tuyama
  • Tuyama
  • Ormerod
  • Schltr.
  • J.J.Sm.
  • Schltr. in K.M.Schumann & C.A.G.Lauterbach
    • Phreatia laxa var. laxa
    • Phreatia laxa var. perlaxa Schltr.
  • (Blume) Lindl.
  • Schltr.
  • Schltr.
  • Schltr.
  • Phreatia limenophylax (Endl.) Rchb.f. – Norfolk Island caterpillar orchid
  • Schltr. in K.M.Schumann & C.A.G.Lauterbach
  • Ridl.
  • Phreatia listeri Rolfe – Christmas Island caterpillar orchid
  • Ridl.
  • Schltr.
  • Ridl.
  • Schltr. in K.M.Schumann & C.A.G.Lauterbach
  • Gilli
  • Schltr.
  • Kraenzl. in H.G.A.Engler (ed.)
  • Rolfe ex Ames
  • Schltr.
  • Schltr.
  • Rchb.f.
  • Kraenzl. in H.G.A.Engler (ed.)
  • Ames
  • Schltr.
  • Schltr.
  • Phreatia micrantha (A.Rich.) Lindl. – native fan orchid
  • Schltr.
  • Schltr.
  • Ormerod
  • Schltr.
  • Schltr.
  • Lindl.
  • Ridl.
  • J.J.Sm.
  • Ridl.
  • Schltr.
    • Phreatia monticola var. minor Schltr.
    • Phreatia monticola var. monticola
  • Hayata
  • P.Royen
  • Schltr.
  • J.J.Sm.
  • Schltr.
  • Ames
  • J.J.Sm.
  • Schltr.
  • Rchb.f.
  • Schltr. in K.M.Schumann & C.A.G.Lauterbach
  • Fukuy.
  • Schltr.
  • (Schltr.) Tuyama
  • Phreatia paleata (Rchb.f.) Rchb.f. – white lace orchid
  • Ormerod
  • Ridl.
  • Kores
  • Schltr. in K.M.Schumann & C.A.G.Lauterbach
    • Phreatia petiolata var. eitapensis Schltr.
    • Phreatia petiolata var. petiolata
  • Schltr.
  • (J.J.Sm.) L.O.Williams
  • J.J.Sm.
  • Schltr.
  • (J.Koenig) Ormerod
  • (Kraenzl.) Schltr. in K.M.Schumann & C.A.G.Lauterbach
  • Ridl.
  • Schltr.
  • Rchb.f.
  • Schltr.
  • Schltr.
  • Ridl.
  • Schltr.
  • Tuyama
  • Ridl.
  • Schltr.
  • (F.M.Bailey) Rolfe nom. illeg.
  • (Blume) Lindl.
  • Schltr.
  • J.J.Sm.
  • Ames
  • J.J.Sm.
  • J.J.Sm.
  • J.J.Sm.
  • Schltr. in K.M.Schumann & C.A.G.Lauterbach
  • J.J.Sm.
  • J.J.Sm.
  • Tuyama
  • Schltr. in K.M.Schumann & C.A.G.Lauterbach
  • Kraenzl. in H.G.A.Engler (ed.)
  • Ormerod
  • J.J.Sm.
  • Schltr. in K.M.Schumann & C.A.G.Lauterbach
  • J.J.Sm.
  • Schltr.
  • J.J.Sm.
    • Phreatia semiorbicularis var. angiensis J.J.Sm.
    • Phreatia semiorbicularis var. semiorbicularis
    • Phreatia semiorbicularis var. seramica J.J.Sm.
  • J.J.Sm.
  • Schltr.
  • Schltr.
  • J.J.Sm.
  • Schltr.
    • Phreatia sororia var. kenejiana Schltr.
    • Phreatia sororia var. litoralis] Schltr.
    • Phreatia sororia var. sororia
  • Schltr.
  • J.J.Sm. in L.S.Gibbs
  • Schltr. in K.M.Schumann & C.A.G.Lauterbach
  • Schltr.
  • (Rchb.f.) Kraenzl. in H.G.A.Engler (ed.)
  • Schltr.
  • J.J.Sm.
  • P.Royen
  • Schltr.
  • N.Hallé
  • J.J.Sm.
  • Schltr.
  • Schltr.
  • (Blume) J.J.Sm.
  • Schltr.
  • Ormerod
  • Lindl.
  • Fukuy.
  • Schltr.
  • (Gilli) Ormerod
  • Ames
  • J.J.Sm.
  • Schltr.
  • Schltr.
  • Schltr.
  • Schltr.
  • Schltr. in K.M.Schumann & C.A.G.Lauterbach
  • Ormerod
  • Ormerod
  • Ames
  • T.Yukawa
  • Schltr.
  • Ames
  • Kraenzl.

Distribution[]

Orchids in the genus Phreatia are found in China, Taiwan, the Indian Subcontinent, the Andaman Islands, Thailand, Vietnam, Borneo, Java, the Lesser Sunda Islands, Peninsular Malaysia, the Maluku Islands, the Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Christmas Island, the Bismarck Archipelago, New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, Norfolk Island, Queensland (Australia), Fiji, Niue, New Caledonia, Samoa, the Santa Cruz Islands, Tonga, Vanuatu, Wallis and Futuna Islands, the Society Islands, the Caroline Islands and the Mariana Islands.[1]

References[]

  1. ^ a b c d e "Phreatia". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  2. ^ a b Jones, David L. (2006). A complete guide to native orchids of Australia including the island territories. Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.: New Holland. p. 473. ISBN 1877069124.
  3. ^ "Phreatia". Australian National Botanic Garden. Retrieved 17 January 2019.
  4. ^ Seidenfaden, Gunnar; Wood, Jeffrey J. (1992). The Orchids of Peninsular Malaysia and Singapore. Fredensborg: Olsen & Olsen. p. 342. ISBN 8785215244.
  5. ^ "Genus Phreatia". Orchids of New Guinea. Retrieved 17 January 2019.
  6. ^ "Phreatia". APNI. Retrieved 17 January 2019.
  7. ^ Lindley, John (1830). The Genera and Species of Orchidaceous Plants. London: Ridgways. p. 63. Retrieved 17 January 2019.
  8. ^ Brown, Roland Wilbur (1956). The Composition of Scientific Words. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press. p. 745.

External links[]

  • Media related to Phreatia at Wikimedia Commons
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