Pilocarpaceae

Pilocarpaceae
	; scale bar is 0.5 mm
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Fungi
Division:	Ascomycota
Class:	Lecanoromycetes
Order:	Lecanorales
Family:	Pilocarpaceae; Zahlbr. (1905)
Type genus
	Byssoloma; Trevis. (1853)
Synonyms
	Byssolomataceae Zahlbr. (1926); Ectolechiaceae Zahlbr. (1905); Lasiolomataceae Hafellner (1984); Micareaceae Vězda ex Hafellner (1984); Roccellinastraceae Hafellner (1984);

The Pilocarpaceae are a family of crustose lichens in the order Lecanorales. The species of this family have a cosmopolitan distribution and have been found in a variety of climatic regions.^[2] Pilocarpaceae was circumscribed by Alexander Zahlbruckner in Adolf Engler's influential 1905 work Die Natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien.^[3]

Description[]

Pilocarpaceae species are crustose and have ascomata in the form of an brightly-coloured apothecium with a poorly-developed margin comprising loosely-intertwined hyphae. The ascospores are hyaline and often elongated with one or more septa.^[2]

Genera[]

Pilocarpaceae contains 32 genera and an estimated 445 species. The following list shows the genera, authority, year of publication, and number of species as of 2020^[4] (unless a newer source is cited).

Aquacidia Aptroot (2018)^[5] – 3 spp.
Badimiella Malcolm & Vězda (1994) – 1 sp.
Lücking (2008) – 1 sp.
Bapalmuia Sérus. (1993) – 22 spp.
Barubria Vězda (1986) – 2 spp.
Brasilicia Lücking, Kalb & Serus. (2008) – 6 spp.
Bryogomphus Lücking, W.R.Buck, Sérus. & L.I.Ferraro (2005) – 1 sp.
Byssolecania Vain. (1921) – 7 spp.
Byssoloma Trevis. (1853) – 60 spp.
Calopadia Vězda (1986) – 27 spp.
Calopadiopsis Lücking & R.Sant. (2002)^[6] – 2 spp.
Eugeniella Lücking, Sérus. & Kalb (2008) – 11 spp.
Fellhanera Vězda (1986) – about 100 spp.
Fellhaneropsis Sérus. & Coppins (1996) – 9 spp.
Kantvilasia P.M.McCarthy, Elix & Sérus. (2000) – 1 sp.
Lasioloma R.Sant. (1952) – 9 spp.
Leimonis R.C.Harris (2009) – 2 spp.
Loflammia Vězda (1986) – 5 spp.
Loflammiopsis Lücking & Kalb (2000)^[7] – 1 sp.
Logilvia Vězda (1986) – 1 sp.
Micarea Fr. (1825) – 126 spp.^[8]
Malcolm & Vězda (1996) – 1 sp.
Pseudocalopadia Lücking (1999)^[9] – 1 sp.
Roccellinastrum Follmann (1968) – 7 spp.
Schadonia Körb. (1859) – 4 spp.
Septotrapelia Aptroot & Chaves (2007)^[10] – 4 spp.
Sporopodiopsis Sérus. (1997)^[11] – 2 spp.
Sporopodium Mont. (1851) – 24 spp.
Szczawinskia A.Funk (1984)^[12] – 5 spp.
Tapellaria Müll.Arg. (1890) – 23 spp.
Tapellariopsis Lücking (1999)^[9] – 1 sp.

References[]

^ Jaklitsch, Walter; Baral, Hans-Otto; Lücking, Robert; Lumbsch, H. Thorsten (2016). Frey, Wolfgang (ed.). Syllabus of Plant Families: Adolf Engler's Syllabus der Pflanzenfamilien. 1/2 (13 ed.). Berlin Stuttgart: Gebr. Borntraeger Verlagsbuchhandlung, Borntraeger Science Publishers. p. 126. ISBN 978-3-443-01089-8. OCLC 429208213.
^ ^a ^b Cannon, Paul F.; Kirk, Paul M. (2007). Fungal Families of the World. Wallingford: CAB International. pp. 281–282. ISBN 978-0-85199-827-5.
^ Engler, Adolf (1905). Die Natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien (in German). Leipzig: Wilhelm Engelman. p. 115.
^ Wijayawardene, Nalin; Hyde, Kevin; LKT, Al-Ani; S, Dolatabadi; Stadler, Marc; Haelewaters, Danny; Tsurykau, Andrei; Mesic, Armin; Navathe, Sudhir; Papp, Viktor; Oliveira Fiuza, Patrícia; Vázquez, Víctor; Gautam, Ajay; Becerra, Alejandra G.; Ekanayaka, Anusha; K. C., Rajeshkumar; Bezerra, Jadson; Matočec, Neven; Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa; Suetrong, Satinee (2020). "Outline of Fungi and fungus-like taxa". Mycosphere. 11: 1060–1456. doi:10.5943/mycosphere/11/1/8.
^ Aptroot, A.; Sparrius, L.B.; Alvarado, P. (2018). "Aquacidia, a new genus to accommodate a group of skiophilous temperate Bacidia species that belong in the Pilocarpaceae (lichenized ascomycetes)". Gorteria. 40: 11–14.
^ Lücking, R.; Santesson, R. (2002). "On the identity of Pyrenotrichum 'atrocyaneum', P. 'mirum', and P. 'podosphaera', campylidea of lichenized Ascomycota (Lecanorales, Ectolechiaceae)". Bryologist. 105 (1): 57–62. doi:10.1639/0007-2745(2002)105[0057:OTIOPA]2.0.CO;2.
^ Lücking, R.; Kalb, K. (2000). "Foliikole Flechten aus Brasilien (vornehmlich Amazonien), inklusive einer Checkliste und Bemerkungen zu Coenogonium und Dimerella (Gyalectaceae)". Botanische Jahrbücher für Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie (in German). 122: 1–61.
^ Source dataset. Species Fungorum Plus: Species Fungorum for CoL+ (14 February 2020). "Micarea". Catalog of Life Version 2021-08-25. Retrieved 3 September 2021.
^ ^a ^b Lücking, R. (1999). "Verbesserungen zur Kenntnis der foliikolen Flechtenflora Costa Ricas. Die Familie Ectolechiaceae" (PDF). Phyton (in German). 39 (1): 131–165.
^ Aptroot, A.; Saipunkaew, W.; Sipman, H.J.M.; Sparrius, L.B.; Wolseley, P.A. (2007). "New lichens from Thailand, mainly microlichens from Chiang Mai". Fungal Diversity. 24: 75–134.
^ Sérusiaux, E. (1997). "Sporopodiopsis, a new genus of lichens (Ectolechiaceae) from S-E Asia". Abstracta Botanica. 21 (1): 145–152. JSTOR 43519214.
^ Funk, A. (1983). "Szczawinskia, a new genus of the lichen-forming Coelomycetes". Syesis. 16: 85–88.

[Frey_2016-1] Jaklitsch, Walter; Baral, Hans-Otto; Lücking, Robert; Lumbsch, H. Thorsten (2016). Frey, Wolfgang (ed.). Syllabus of Plant Families: Adolf Engler's Syllabus der Pflanzenfamilien. 1/2 (13 ed.). Berlin Stuttgart: Gebr. Borntraeger Verlagsbuchhandlung, Borntraeger Science Publishers. p. 126. ISBN 978-3-443-01089-8. OCLC 429208213.

[Cannon_&_Kirk_2007-2] Cannon, Paul F.; Kirk, Paul M. (2007). Fungal Families of the World. Wallingford: CAB International. pp. 281–282. ISBN 978-0-85199-827-5.

[Zahlbruckner_1905-3] Engler, Adolf (1905). Die Natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien (in German). Leipzig: Wilhelm Engelman. p. 115.

[Wijayawardene_et_al._2020-4] Wijayawardene, Nalin; Hyde, Kevin; LKT, Al-Ani; S, Dolatabadi; Stadler, Marc; Haelewaters, Danny; Tsurykau, Andrei; Mesic, Armin; Navathe, Sudhir; Papp, Viktor; Oliveira Fiuza, Patrícia; Vázquez, Víctor; Gautam, Ajay; Becerra, Alejandra G.; Ekanayaka, Anusha; K. C., Rajeshkumar; Bezerra, Jadson; Matočec, Neven; Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa; Suetrong, Satinee (2020). "Outline of Fungi and fungus-like taxa". Mycosphere. 11: 1060–1456. doi:10.5943/mycosphere/11/1/8.

[Aptroot_et_al._2018-5] Aptroot, A.; Sparrius, L.B.; Alvarado, P. (2018). "Aquacidia, a new genus to accommodate a group of skiophilous temperate Bacidia species that belong in the Pilocarpaceae (lichenized ascomycetes)". Gorteria. 40: 11–14.

[Lücking_&_Santesson_2002-6] Lücking, R.; Santesson, R. (2002). "On the identity of Pyrenotrichum 'atrocyaneum', P. 'mirum', and P. 'podosphaera', campylidea of lichenized Ascomycota (Lecanorales, Ectolechiaceae)". Bryologist. 105 (1): 57–62. doi:10.1639/0007-2745(2002)105[0057:OTIOPA]2.0.CO;2.

[Lücking_&_Kalb_2000-7] Lücking, R.; Kalb, K. (2000). "Foliikole Flechten aus Brasilien (vornehmlich Amazonien), inklusive einer Checkliste und Bemerkungen zu Coenogonium und Dimerella (Gyalectaceae)". Botanische Jahrbücher für Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie (in German). 122: 1–61.

[CoL-Species_Fungorum:_Micarea-8] Source dataset. Species Fungorum Plus: Species Fungorum for CoL+ (14 February 2020). "Micarea". Catalog of Life Version 2021-08-25. Retrieved 3 September 2021.

[Lücking_1999-9] Lücking, R. (1999). "Verbesserungen zur Kenntnis der foliikolen Flechtenflora Costa Ricas. Die Familie Ectolechiaceae" (PDF). Phyton (in German). 39 (1): 131–165.

[Aptroot_et_al._2007-10] Aptroot, A.; Saipunkaew, W.; Sipman, H.J.M.; Sparrius, L.B.; Wolseley, P.A. (2007). "New lichens from Thailand, mainly microlichens from Chiang Mai". Fungal Diversity. 24: 75–134.

[Sérusiaux_1997-11] Sérusiaux, E. (1997). "Sporopodiopsis, a new genus of lichens (Ectolechiaceae) from S-E Asia". Abstracta Botanica. 21 (1): 145–152. JSTOR 43519214.

[Funk_1983-12] Funk, A. (1983). "Szczawinskia, a new genus of the lichen-forming Coelomycetes". Syesis. 16: 85–88.

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