Pinkpop Festival

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Pinkpop Festival
Pinpop 2010.jpeg
GenreRock, hip hop, electronic, heavy metal, garage rock, alternative rock, indie rock
DatesPentecost weekend
Location(s)Landgraaf, Netherlands
Years active1970 – present
Founded by [nl]
Websitewww.pinkpop.nl

The Pinkpop Festival or PINKPOP is a large, annual music festival held at Landgraaf, Netherlands. It is usually held on the Pentecost weekend (Pinksteren in Dutch, hence the name). If Pentecost falls on an early date in May, the festival is held later in June. Starting in 1970, at Burgemeester Damen Sportpark in the city of Geleen, Pinkpop is the oldest and longest running annual dedicated pop and rock music festival in the world.[1][2]

Nowadays, Pinkpop is a three-day festival, from Saturday through Monday when on Pentecost weekend, or Friday through Sunday otherwise, with a 60,000 people per day capacity, and with performances on 4 separate stages. From 2006 through 2011, Pinkpop sold out six years in a row.[1] During 44 editions, more than 2 million people have attended Pinkpop. Some 700 music acts have played at the festival.[3]

In 1994 (the 25th edition), it was decided to sell only 60,000 tickets, to prevent overcrowding due to the popularity of the festival. In 1995, it was made into a 2-day festival. Two years later, in 1997, this was further expanded to three days.

2007 saw a spin-off, later in the year, on 11 August, called , for an older rock audience, with bands that previously performed there in past decades. This spin-off was held again in following years, with exception of 2011, in which the organisation was not able to sign enough interesting older bands.

In 2008, Pinkpop was for the first time in its history not held on Pentecost weekend, which fell too early that year for the convenience of fans and performers alike. This was decided following the 2005 edition, in which the Pentecost weekend also fell early and therefore Pinkpop could not convince many great performers to come play at the festival. Sales were disappointing in 2005, so by shifting the 2008 festival, the organisation hoped to solve these problems. Pinkpop 2008 turned out to have had the largest concert attendance to date. The dates for the 2010, 2013, 2015 and 2016 edition have been shifted as well, for similar reasons.[4] The 2020 and 2021 Pinkpop festivals were not held due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

[]

External image
image icon Pinkpop Logo picture on the German Wikipedia article on Pinkpop.

The name consists of two parts. 'Pink' comes from the Dutch word for Pentecost (Pinksteren) and 'pop' comes from pop music (or 'popular music'). But a later creative interpretation for the name combines the English word pink and the Dutch word pop, which means doll, thus forming the origin for the logo, a doll in a pink dress.

The precursor to Pinkpop was held on Pentecost Monday in 1969. It was completely free, and called Pinknick because people were supposed to bring their own food. Only a free pig roast and free apples were provided by the organizers.[5] Inspired by the Monterey festival from 1967, a number of hip local bands were persuaded to come and play unpaid. Almost 10,000 visitors were attracted, ranging from pop music lovers to grandparents and their grandchildren. And families with empty shopping bags, loading up on apples.[5]

Editions[]

2007[]

Pinkpop 2007 was held May 26–28.

It was the 20th time the event was held at the Megaland Park.

On February 28, most of the line-up was revealed. Pearl Jam was announced to make their 3rd appearance on the Pinkpop stage, but they cancelled, for two of their members would become fathers in the Pentecost weekend.

Mainstage 3FM Stage BUMA/John Peel Stage
Saturday, May 26 - Goose
- Juliette and the Licks
- Within Temptation
- Marilyn Manson
- Noisettes
- Wir sind Helden
- Good Charlotte
-
- Stevie Ann
- C-mon & Kypski
Sunday, May 27 - Gabriel Ríos
- Razorlight
- Iggy & The Stooges
- Snow Patrol
- Muse
- Ozark Henry
- Gogol Bordello
- Ilse DeLange
- Lostprophets
- The Nightwatchman
- Paolo Nutini
- Maxïmo Park
- Krezip [A]
Monday, May 28 - The Fratellis
- Wolfmother
- Scissor Sisters
- Arctic Monkeys
- Linkin Park
- The Smashing Pumpkins
- Thirty Seconds to Mars
- Stone Sour
- Dave Matthews Band
- KoЯn
- Evanescence
- Five O'Clock Heroes
- Maria Mena
- Macy Gray
- The Magic Numbers
- The Kooks
A Krezip replaced Amy Winehouse, because she had to cancel due to illness. Krezip started their gig playing Amy Winehouse's "Rehab".

2008[]

Pinkpop 2008 was held May 30 – June 1 in the Landgraaf Megaland Park.

Pinkpop 2008 had the largest audience of concert attendees to date, with an average of just over 60,000 people arriving each of the three days, prompting the festival organizers to announce that 180,000 people had visited the festival. Because the 42,500 available three-day passes sold out completely, the actual number of unique visitors is 94,000.

Mainstage 3FM Stage GM Next (tent) Stage
Friday, May 30 - Flogging Molly
- Incubus
- Metallica
-
- Animal Alpha [B]
- Alter Bridge
- From First to Last
- Jonathan Davis
- Porcupine Tree
Saturday, May 31 - Moke
- KT Tunstall
- Editors
- Kaiser Chiefs
- Foo Fighters
- Air Traffic
- Bad Religion
- Eagles of Death Metal [C]
- Stereophonics
- The Verve
- Blood Red Shoes
- Voicst
- Amy MacDonald
- Justice
- Groove Armada
Sunday, June 1 - Fiction Plane
- Gavin DeGraw
- Racoon
- Alanis Morissette
- Queens of the Stone Age
- Rage Against the Machine
- The Wombats
- Cavalera Conspiracy
- The Hives
- Serj Tankian
- Counting Crows
- Patrick Watson
- Kate Nash
- Pete Murray
- Saybia
- Róisín Murphy
B Animal Alpha replaced Novastar, because they experienced delays in recording their new album.
C Eagles of Death Metal replaced Chris Cornell, because he had obligations in the studio.

2009[]

Pinkpop 2009

Pinkpop 2009 was held May 30 – June 1.

On March 4, 2009, the Pinkpop Board gave a press conference in Paradiso in Amsterdam, to answer questions from the press and announce which artists will be performing on Pinkpop 2009 will be announced.

Mainstage 3FM Stage Tent Stage
Saturday, May 30 - Chris Cornell
- The Killers
- Bruce Springsteen & the E-Street Band
-
- Me First and the Gimme Gimmes
- Elbow
- Noisettes
- Just Jack
- Dr. Lektroluv
Sunday, May 31 - Milow
- Volbeat
- Madness
- Krezip [D]
- Placebo
- De Staat
- Rowwen Hèze
- Maria Mena
- James Morrison
- Keane
- You Me At Six
- Kyteman's Hiphop Orchestra
- The Rifles
- White Lies
- Pendulum
Monday, June 1 - The Gaslight Anthem
- Novastar
- Amy Macdonald
- Franz Ferdinand
- Anouk
- Snow Patrol
- Shinedown
- Mando Diao
- Billy Talent
- De Jeugd van Tegenwoordig
- The Kooks
- The All-American Rejects
- Hollywood Undead
- The Script
- Katy Perry
- The Ting Tings
D Krezip replaced Depeche Mode, because lead singer Dave Gahan had to undergo a procedure after a tumor was spotted in his bladder two weeks before Pinkpop. Placebo replaced Depeche Mode as headliner.

2010[]

Pinkpop 2010 was held May 28–30.

Mainstage 3FM Stage Converse Stage
Friday, May 28 - Epica
- Kasabian
- Motörhead
- Rammstein
- The Opposites
- The Temper Trap
- Paolo Nutini
- Sungrazer
- The Black Box Revelation
- Gossip
Saturday, May 29 - Moke & The Metropole Orchestra
- C-mon & Kypski
- Mando Diao
- Editors
- Green Day
- Ryan Shaw [E]
- Destine
- Biffy Clyro
- John Mayer
- Everything Everything
- Kitty, Daisy & Lewis
- Caro Emerald
- 2manydjs
Sunday, May 30 - The Maccabees
- Danko Jones
- Skunk Anansie
- Triggerfinger
- Pixies
- The Prodigy
- Jon Allen
- Kate Nash
- Slash
- Mika
- Pink
- DeWolff
- General Fiasco
- Yeasayer
- Florence + The Machine
- Gogol Bordello
E Ryan Shaw replaced Wolfmother, because lead singer Andrew Stockdale was too sick to go on tour. Wolfmother was first planned on Sunday, but Triggerfinger covered their spot, so Ryan Shaw could play on Saturday.

2011[]

Pinkpop 2011 was held June 11–13.

Lineup[6] Mainstage 3FM Stage Converse Stage
Saturday, June 11 - De Staat
- Lifehouse
- Elbow
- Coldplay
- Manic Street Preachers
- Simple Plan
- Alter Bridge
-
- Ash
- Selah Sue
Sunday, June 12 - Hurts
- Tim Knol
-Wolfmother
- White Lies
- Kings of Leon
-VersaEmerge
- Justin Nozuka
- Graffiti6
- Avenged Sevenfold
-
- Hanson
- Cage the Elephant
- Laura Jansen
- The Bloody Beetroots - Death Crew 77
Monday, June 13 - Scouting for Girls
- Two Door Cinema Club
- Go Back to the Zoo
- Volbeat
- Kaiser Chiefs
- Foo Fighters
- Plain White T's
- Beatsteaks
- The Gaslight Anthem
- The Script
- Thirty Seconds to Mars
-
- Eliza Doolittle
- All Time Low
- Band of Horses
- deadmau5

2012[]

Pinkpop 2012 was held May 26–28.

Lineup[7] Mainstage 3FM Stage Converse Stage
Saturday, May 26 - Moss
- Kyuss Lives! [F]
- Anouk
- The Cure
-
- The Asteroids Galaxy Tour
- The Ting Tings
- Will and The People
- The Afghan Whigs
- Ben Howard
Sunday, May 27 - Babylon Circus
- Racoon
-
- Soundgarden
- Linkin Park
- The Bosshoss
- Mastodon
- The Wombats
- Keane
- Hungry Kids of Hungary
- Bombay Bicycle Club
- Sharon Jones & The Dap-Kings
- Chase & Status
Monday, May 28 - Gers Pardoel
- Seasick Steve
- The Specials
- Mumford and Sons
- Bruce Springsteen & The E-Street Band
- Rival Sons
- Blood Red Shoes
- Herbert Grönemeyer
- The Hives
- James Morrison
-
- Jonathan Jeremiah
- Miike Snow
-
- Paul Kalkbrenner
F At first Kasabian would perform as well, but they had to cancel due to private matters. Kyuss Lives! replaced Kasabian's spot, Moss covered Kyuss Lives!'s spot.

2013[]

Pinkpop 2013 was held June 14–16; the third time that it was not held in the weekend of Pentecost.

Lineup[8] Mainstage 3FM Stage Brand Bier Stage
Friday, June 14 - Handsome Poets
- Paramore
- The Script
- The Killers
- Masters of Reality
- Jimmy Eat World
- Queens of the Stone Age
-
- Kodaline
- Andy Burrows
- Netsky Live
Saturday, June 15 -
- Passenger
- The Opposites
- Thirty Seconds to Mars
- Kings of Leon
- Douwe Bob
- Fun.
- The Gaslight Anthem
- Phoenix
- Palma Violets
- Graveyard
- Miles Kane
- Ellie Goulding
- C2C
Sunday, June 16 - Kensington
- Will and the People
- The Vaccines
- Ben Howard
- Green Day
- Tom Odell
- Trixie Whitley
- Blaudzun
- Stereophonics
- Triggerfinger
- Puggy
- Bastille
- Lianne La Havas
- Die Antwoord
- Alt-J

2014[]

Pinkpop 2014 was held June 7–9.

Lineup[9] Mainstage 3FM Stage Brand Bier Stage Stage 4
Saturday, June 7 - Ed Kowalczyk
- Flogging Molly
- John Mayer
- The Rolling Stones
- Haim
- Joe Bonamassa
- Bastille
-
- Thé Lau/The Scene
- White Lies
- Epica
-
-
-
Sunday, June 8 - Chef'Special
- The Kooks
- Ed Sheeran
- Editors
- Arctic Monkeys
- North Mississippi Allstars
- Limp Bizkit
- Rudimental
- Paolo Nutini
- Robert Plant and the Sensational Spaceshifters
-  [nl]
- Portugal. The Man
- Twenty One Pilots
- The Boxer Rebellion
- John Newman
- Nina Nesbitt
- Intergalactic Lovers
-
Monday, June 9 - Mastodon
- Rob Zombie
- Biffy Clyro
- Avenged Sevenfold
- Metallica
- Jett Rebel
- Kodaline
- Stromae
- Jake Bugg
- Arcade Fire
- Clean Bandit
- Ghost
- Young the Giant
- Bombay Bicycle Club
- Gogol Bordello
- Birth of Joy
- Powerman 5000
- Kraantje Pappie

2015[]

Pinkpop 2015 was held June 12–14; the fourth time that it will not be held in the weekend of Pentecost.

Lineup[10] Mainstage 3FM Stage Brand Bier Stage Stage 4 Garden of Love
Friday, June 12 - Body Count
- George Ezra
- Elbow
- Muse
- Shaka Ponk
- Faith No More
- Slash feat. Myles Kennedy & The Conspirators
-
- Gavin James
- Paloma Faith
- Above & Beyond
- Coasts
- Aurora
- Pop Evil
- DJs & + &
- Anna Rune
Saturday, June 13 - The Wombats
- Dotan
- Anouk
- The Script
- Robbie Williams
- The Last Internationale
- Jonathan Jeremiah
- Selah Sue
- Kensington
- Avicii
- Gaz Coombes
- Magic!
- John Coffey
- Sheppard
- Eagles of Death Metal
- Causes
- Twin Atlantic
-
- Lonely the Brave
- Joost van Bellen
-
Sunday, June 14 - Frank Turner & The Sleeping Souls
- Triggerfinger
- OneRepublic
- De Jeugd van Tegenwoordig
- Pharrell Williams [H]
- Kitty, Daisy & Lewis
- Typhoon
- Rise Against
- Counting Crows
- Placebo [G]
- Urbanus & De Fanfaar
- Nick Mulvey
- Oscar and the Wolf
- Kovacs
- Fiddler's Green
-
-
- Peace
- Ewert and The Two Dragons
- &
- Polly Anna
G At first Sam Smith would perform as well, but he had to cancel due to voice problems. Placebo replaced Sam Smith's spot.
H Originally the Foo Fighters would serve as the festival's headliner but had to cancel their performance due to a broken leg by frontman Dave Grohl two days earlier. Pharrell Williams became headliner instead and the Flemish trio Triggerfinger was added as a last-minute addition to the line-up.
Pinkpop 2015

2016[]

Pinkpop 2016
Pinkpop 2016

Pinkpop 2016 was held June 10–12.

Lineup[11] Mainstage 3FM Stage Brand Bier Stage Stage 4 Garden of Love
Friday, June 10 - The Common Linnets
- Bastille
- James Bay
- Red Hot Chili Peppers
- Gary Clark Jr.
- Years & Years
- Major Lazer
-
- Lukas Graham
- Bear's Den
- De Staat
- The Struts
-
- One Ok Rock
-
-
Saturday, June 11 - Walk Off The Earth
- James Morrison
- Lianne La Havas
- Doe Maar
- Rammstein
- Imelda May
- Halestorm
- Skillet
- De Staat
- Puscifer
-
-
- Matt Simons
- Nothing But Thieves
- Robin Schulz
- The Sore Losers
- Parquet Courts
- Lucky Fonz III
-
- Noisia
-
Sunday, June 12 - Douwe Bob
- John Newman
- Kygo
- Lionel Richie
- Paul McCartney
-
- Vintage Trouble
- All Time Low
- Bring Me The Horizon
- Skunk Anansie
- Harts
- St. Paul & The Broken Bones
- Jamie Lawson
- Tom Odell
- Balthazar
- Walking on Cars
- Slaves
- The London Souls
- Graveyard
-
-

2017[]

Pinkpop 2017 was held June 3–5.

Lineup[12] Mainstage 3FM Stage Brightlands Stage Stage 4 Garden of Love
Saturday, June 3 - James TW
- Chef'Special
- Kensington
- Justin Bieber
- Martin Garrix
- White Lies
- Kaiser Chiefs
- Five Finger Death Punch
-
-
- Crystal Fighters
- Richard Ashcroft
- Alma
- Declan McKenna
- Ronnie Flex & Deuxperience Band
-
Sunday, June 4 - Gavin James
- Kodaline
- Broederliefde
- Imagine Dragons
- Green Day
- Anne-Marie
- James Arthur
- Clean Bandit
- Biffy Clyro
- Sean Paul
- Jack Savoretti
- My Baby
- The Charm The Fury
- Birdy
- Rancid
-
-
- Amber Run
- Bomba Estéreo
-
Monday, June 5 - Seasick Steve
- Guus Meeuwis
- Passenger
- Live
- Kings Of Leon
- Machine Gun Kelly
- Rag'n'Bone Man
- Sum 41
- Prophets of Rage
- System Of A Down
-
- Oh Wonder
- Liam Gallagher
- Fat Freddy's Drop
-
- Midas
- Don Broco
- Chris Ayer
- JP Cooper
-

2018[]

A Perfect Circle at Pinkpop 2018

Pinkpop 2018 was held June 15–17.

A fatal traffic accident involving festival-goers took place in the early morning of June 18. After the festival, at around 04:00, a group of persons sat on the road near Campsite B, which was not closed to vehicular traffic. Information as it is now, indicates that a white Opel van travelling along this road could not avoid the group and ran into them, killing one and severely injuring three more. The driver reported himself to the police several hours later in Amsterdam.[13]

During the performance of the Foo Fighters on June 16, the disintegration of a large meteor was observed in the sky right behind the main stage and caught on video.[14] The fireball and its disintegration was widely observed also elsewhere in the Benelux countries, Germany and France. An analysis of over 200 eyewitness reports suggests that the disintegration took place at 23:11 local time near the Belgian city of Liège.[15]

Lineup Mainstage North Stage Brightlands Tent Stage 4 Garden of Love
Saturday, June 15 - Lil' Kleine

- BLØF

- Snow Patrol

- Pearl Jam

- Jess Glynne

- Oh Wonder

- The Offspring

-

- The Last Internationale

- Blaudzun

- Oliver Heldens

-

- The Academic

- Donnie

-
Sunday, June 16 - Walking On Cars

- Miss Montreal

- Nothing But Thieves

- The Script

- Foo Fighters

- JP Cooper

- Parov Stelar

- A Perfect Circle

- Noel Gallagher's High Flying Birds

- Marmozets

- Aurora

- Sevn Alias

- Alan Walker

-

- Gang Of Youths

- Youngr

-

-
Monday, June 17 - Ronnie Flex & Deuxperience

- Jessie J

- DI-RECT

- Editors

- DJ Rashida

- Bruno Mars

-

- Milky Chance

- Years & Years

- Triggerfinger

- Oscar & The Wolf

- Cloves

- Maan

- Brian Fallon & The Howling Weather

- Don Diablo

- Greta Van Fleet

- Tom Walker

-

- Scarlet Pleasure

- Sigrid

- Blackbird

2019[]

Pinkpop 2019 was held June 8–10.

This marked Pinkpop's 50th anniversary.

Lineup Mainstage IBA Parkstad Stage Brightlands Stage Stage 4 Garden of Love
Saturday, June 8 -  [nl]

- George Ezra

- Anouk

- Jamiroquai

- Mumford & Sons

- SYML

- Golden Earring

- Cage the Elephant

- Jacob Banks

- Elbow

- Mt. Atlas

- Yungblud

- Davina Michelle

- Halestorm

- San Holo

- Grace Carter

- Badflower

- Hippo Campus

-

-
Sunday, June 9 - Kraantje Pappie

- The Kooks

- Krezip

- Lenny Kravitz

- The Cure

- Armin Van Buuren

- White Lies

- Rowwen Hèze

- J Balvin

- Die Antwoord

- Blood Red Shoes

- Jack Savoretti

- Miles Kane

- Mark Ronson

- Au/Ra

- Confidence Man

- Barns Courtney

- Boef

- Silent Disco

-
Monday, June 10 - Jett Rebel

- The 1975

- Slash ft. Myles Kennedy & The Conspirators

- Bastille

- Fleetwood Mac

- The Bosshoss

- Bring Me The Horizon

- Tenacious D

- Dropkick Murphys

- Major Lazer

-

- Kovacs

- The Pretenders

- Duncan Laurence

- Michael Kiwanuka

- Coldrain

- Coely

- Palaye Royale

- DeWolff

- David Keenan

2020[]

Pinkpop 2020 was planned for 19–21 June but was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Acts scheduled to appear included, in order of billing:

  • Guns N' Roses
  • Post Malone
  • Red Hot Chili Peppers
  • Deftones
  • Disturbed
  • Keane
  • Marshmello
  • Twenty One Pilots
  • Volbeat
  • Zara Larsson
  • Anderson .Paak & The Free Nationals
  • Ares
  • Balthazar
  • Bishop Briggs
  • Chef'special
  • Crowded House
  • Danny Vera
  • Dermot Kennedy
  • Ellie Goulding
  • Five Seconds of Summer
  • Floor Jansen
  • Frank Carter & The Rattlesnakes
  • Gojira
  • Inhaler
  • James Arthur
  • JC Stewart
  • Kensington
  • Liam Payne
  • Lost Frequencies
  • Mabel
  • Maisie Peters
  • Nona
  • Nothing But Thieves
  • Of Monsters and Men
  • Querbeat
  • Rag'n'Bone Man
  • Saint Phnx
  • Sea Girls
  • Supergrass
  • The Big Moon
  • The Kik
  • The Last Internationale
  • The Marcus King Band
  • The Pretty Reckless

2021[]

Pinkpop 2021 was planned for 18–20 June but, like in the previous year, was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic.[16]

Acts scheduled to appear included:

  • Deftones
  • Frenna
  • Kensington
  • Pearl Jam
  • Red Hot Chili Peppers
  • Twenty One Pilots
  • Ares
  • Danny Vera
  • Elle Hollis
  • JC Stewart
  • Joost
  • Nona
  • Ten Times A Million

2022[]

Pinkpop 2022 will take place from 17–19 June.

See also[]

  • List of historic rock festivals

References[]

  1. ^ a b Gammon, John (17 June 2011). "Six In A Row For Pinkpop". London, U.K.: Pollstar. Archived from the original on 13 August 2014. Retrieved 13 August 2014.
  2. ^ "Pinkpop is langstlopende popfestival ter wereld" [Pinkpop is longest running pop festival in the world]. geschiedenis.vpro.nl/ (in Dutch). VPRO independent Dutch public broadcaster. 18 May 2010. Retrieved 13 August 2014.
  3. ^ "Pinkpop ABC - Pinkpop History". pinkpop.nl. Retrieved 27 June 2017.
  4. ^ "Pinkpop 2015". Retrieved 27 June 2017.
  5. ^ a b "De beginjaren van Pinkpop" [The early years of Pinkpop]. geschiedenis24.nl (in Dutch). Geschiedenis 24 (defunct history channel). 31 May 2001. Retrieved 16 August 2014.
  6. ^ "2011 - Pinkpop History". pinkpop.nl. Retrieved 27 June 2017.
  7. ^ "2012 - Pinkpop History". pinkpop.nl. Retrieved 27 June 2017.
  8. ^ "2013 - Pinkpop History". pinkpop.nl. Retrieved 27 June 2017.
  9. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2014-03-19. Retrieved 2014-03-19.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  10. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2015-12-10. Retrieved 2015-12-05.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  11. ^ "Programma - Pinkpop 2016: 10-11-12 juni 2016". pinkpop.nl. Archived from the original on 2017-06-14. Retrieved 27 June 2017.
  12. ^ "Programma - Pinkpop 2017 – 3, 4 en 5 juni 2017". pinkpop.nl. Archived from the original on 2017-06-29. Retrieved 27 June 2017.
  13. ^ "Bestuurder busje dodelijke aanrijding Pinkpop is man uit Heerlen". nos.nl (in Dutch). Retrieved 2019-05-11.
  14. ^ "Falling star during Foo Fighters Concert - Pinkpop 2018". youtube.com. Archived from the original on 2021-12-12. Retrieved 26 June 2018.
  15. ^ "Fireball event 2018: 2065-2018". akm.imo.net. Retrieved 26 June 2018.
  16. ^ Festime.net. "Pinkpop Festival 2021 Lineup". Festime. Retrieved 2021-06-23.

External links[]

Coordinates: 50°52′50″N 6°1′23″E / 50.88056°N 6.02306°E / 50.88056; 6.02306

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