Pinyin table

This pinyin table is a complete listing of all Hanyu Pinyin syllables used in Standard Chinese. Each syllable in a cell is composed of an initial (columns) and a final (rows). An empty cell indicates that the corresponding syllable does not exist in Standard Chinese.

The below table indicates possible combinations of initials and finals in Standard Chinese, but does not indicate tones, which are equally important to the proper pronunciation of Chinese. Although some initial-final combinations have some syllables using each of the five different tones, most do not. Some utilize only one tone.

Pinyin entries in this page can be compared to syllables using the (unromanized) Zhuyin phonetic system in the Zhuyin table page.

Finals are grouped into subsets a, i, u and ü.

i, u and ü groupings indicate a combination of those finals with finals from Group a. For example:

Group	Special combination
i	i + ê = ie	i + ou = iu
u		u + ei = ui	u + en = un
ü	ü + ê = ue

Most syllables are a combination of an initial and a final. However, some syllables have no initials. This is shown in Pinyin as follows:

if the final begins with an i, it is replaced with a y
if the final begins with an u, it is replaced with a w
if the final begins with an ü, it is replaced with yu
exceptions to the rules above are indicated by yellow in the table's no initial column:

Note that the y, w, and yu replacements above do not change the pronunciation of the final in the final-only syllable. They are used to avoid ambiguity when writing words in pinyin. For example, instead of:

"uen" and "ian" forming "uenian", which could be interpreted as:
- "uen-ian"
- "uen-i-an" or
- "u-en-i-an"
the syllables are written "wen" and "yan" which results in the more distinct "wenyan"

There are discrepancies between the Bopomofo tables and the pinyin table due to some minor differences between the Mainland standard, putonghua, and the Taiwanese standard, guoyu, in the standard readings of characters. For example, the variant sounds 挼 (ruá; ㄖㄨㄚˊ), 扽 (dèn; ㄉㄣˋ), 忒 (tēi; ㄊㄟ) are not used in guoyu. Likewise the variant sound 孿 (lüán; ㄌㄩㄢˊ) is not recognized in putonghua, or it is folded into (luán; ㄌㄨㄢˊ). A few readings reflect a Standard Chinese approximation of a regionalism that is otherwise never encountered in either putonghua or guoyu. For instance, 覅 (fiào; ㄈㄧㄠˋ) is a borrowing from Shanghainese (and other dialects of Wu Chinese) that are commonly used, and are thus included in most large dictionaries, even though it is usually labeled as a nonstandard regionalism (方, short for 方言 (topolect)), with the local reading viau [vjɔ], which is approximated in Standard Chinese as fiào.

Overall table[]

Pinyin table		Initials																						Pinyin table
Pinyin table		∅	b	p	m	f	d	t	n	l	g	k	h	j	q	x	zh	ch	sh	r	z	c	s	Pinyin table
Group a Finals	i																zhi	chi	shi	ri	zi	ci	si	i	Group a Finals
	a	a	ba	pa	ma	fa	da	ta	na	la	ga^{[note 1]}	ka	ha				zha	cha	sha		za	ca	sa	a
	o	o^{[note 2]}	bo	po	mo	fo				lo^{[note 3]}														o
	e	e			me^{[note 4]}		de	te	ne	le	ge	ke	he				zhe	che	she	re	ze	ce	se	e
	ê	ê^{[note 5]}																						ê
	ai	ai	bai	pai	mai		dai	tai	nai	lai	gai	kai	hai				zhai	chai	shai		zai	cai	sai	ai
	ei	ei^{[note 6]}	bei	pei	mei	fei	dei^{[note 7]}	tei^{[note 8]}	nei	lei	gei	kei^{[note 9]} ^{[table 1]} ^{[table 2]}	hei				zhei^{[note 10]}		shei		zei		sei^{[note 11]} ^{[table 2]}	ei
	ao	ao	bao	pao	mao		dao	tao	nao	lao	gao	kao	hao				zhao	chao	shao	rao	zao	cao	sao	ao
	ou	ou		pou^{[note 12]}	mou	fou	dou	tou	nou^{[note 13]}	lou	gou	kou	hou				zhou	chou	shou	rou	zou	cou	sou	ou
	an	an	ban	pan	man	fan	dan	tan	nan	lan	gan	kan	han				zhan	chan	shan	ran	zan	can	san	an
	en	en	ben	pen	men	fen	den^{[note 14]}		nen		gen	ken	hen				zhen	chen	shen	ren	zen^{[note 15]}	cen	sen	en
	ang	ang	bang	pang	mang	fang	dang	tang	nang	lang	gang	kang	hang				zhang	chang	shang	rang	zang	cang	sang	ang
	eng	eng^{[note 16]}	beng	peng	meng	feng	deng	teng	neng	leng	geng	keng	heng				zheng	cheng	sheng	reng	zeng	ceng	seng	eng
	ong						dong	tong	nong	long	gong	kong	hong				zhong	chong	shong^{[note 17]} ^{[table 2]}	rong	zong	cong	song	ong
	er	er																						er
Group i Finals	i	yi	bi	pi	mi		di	ti	ni	li				ji	qi	xi								i	Group i Finals
	ia	ya					dia^{[note 18]}		nia^{[note 19]} ^{[table 2]}	lia^{[note 20]}				jia	qia	xia								ia
	io	yo^{[note 21]}																						io
	ie	ye	bie	pie	mie		die	tie	nie	lie				jie	qie	xie								ie
	iai	yai^{[note 22]} ^{[table 3]} ^{[table 2]}																						iai
	iao	yao	biao	piao	miao	fiao^{[note 23]} ^{[table 4]}	diao	tiao	niao	liao				jiao	qiao	xiao								iao
	iu	you			miu^{[note 24]}		diu		niu	liu				jiu	qiu	xiu								iu
	ian	yan	bian	pian	mian		dian	tian	nian	lian				jian	qian	xian								ian
	in	yin	bin	pin	min		din^{[note 25]}		nin	lin				jin	qin	xin								in
	iang	yang	biang^{[note 26]} ^{[table 5]}				diang^{[note 27]} ^{[table 2]}		niang	liang				jiang	qiang	xiang								iang
	ing	ying	bing	ping	ming		ding	ting	ning	ling				jing	qing	xing								ing
iong	yong												jiong^{[note 28]}	qiong	xiong								iong
Group u Finals	u	wu	bu	pu	mu	fu	du	tu	nu	lu	gu	ku	hu				zhu	chu	shu	ru	zu	cu	su	u	Group u Finals
	ua	wa									gua	kua	hua				zhua	chua^{[note 29]}	shua	rua^{[note 30]}				ua
	uo	wo					duo	tuo	nuo	luo	guo	kuo	huo				zhuo	chuo	shuo	ruo	zuo	cuo	suo	uo
	uai	wai									guai	kuai	huai				zhuai^{[note 31]}	chuai^{[note 32]}	shuai					uai
	ui	wei					dui	tui			gui	kui	hui				zhui	chui	shui	rui	zui	cui	sui	ui
	uan	wan					duan	tuan	nuan	luan	guan	kuan	huan				zhuan	chuan	shuan	ruan	zuan	cuan	suan	uan
	un	wen					dun	tun	nun^{[note 33]}	lun	gun	kun	hun				zhun	chun	shun	run	zun	cun	sun	un
	uang	wang									guang	kuang	huang				zhuang	chuang	shuang					uang
	ueng	weng																						ueng
Group ü Finals	ü	yu							nü	lü				ju	qu	xu								ü	Group ü Finals
	üe	yue							nüe	lüe				jue	que	xue								üe
	üan	yuan								lüan^{[note 34]} ^{[table 6]} ^{[table 2]}				juan	quan	xuan								üan
	ün	yun								lün^{[note 35]} ^{[table 2]}				jun	qun	xun								ün
Pinyin table		∅	b	p	m	f	d	t	n	l	g	k	h	j	q	x	zh	ch	sh	r	z	c	s	Pinyin table
Pinyin table		Initials																						Pinyin table

Color Legend:

"regular" initial or final Final is in Group a or is a direct combination of: i+Group a final u+Group a final ü+Group a final	Final of i, u, ü groups is a modified combination of: i+Group a final u+Group a final ü+Group a final	syllable is direct combination of initial and final (or follows rules for no-initial syllables outlined at the top of the page)	syllable is modified combination of initial and final

^ See http://www.zdic.net/z/16/js/524B.htm
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h See http://research.chtsai.org/papers/pinyin-xref.html
^ Taiwan variant pronunciations of e.g. 厓, 崖, 睚, 啀
^ See WIKI

[10] See http://www.zdic.net/z/16/js/524B.htm

[pinyin-xref-11] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h See http://research.chtsai.org/papers/pinyin-xref.html

[25] Taiwan variant pronunciations of e.g. 厓, 崖, 睚, 啀

[27] See WIKI

[note 1]

[note 2]

[note 3]

[note 4]

[note 5]

[note 6]

[note 7]

[note 8]

[note 9]

[table 1]

[table 2]

[note 10]

[note 11]

[note 12]

[note 13]

[note 14]

[note 15]

[note 16]

[note 17]

[note 18]

[note 19]

[note 20]

[note 21]

[note 22]

[table 3]

[note 23]

[table 4]

[note 24]

[note 25]

[note 26]

[table 5]

[note 27]

[note 28]

[note 29]

[note 30]

[note 31]

[note 32]

[note 33]

[note 34]

[table 6]

[note 35]