Pomorje

Principalities of Pomorje in the Early Middle Ages

Pomorje (Serbian Cyrillic: Поморје), also known (in plural) as the Lands of Pomorje (Serbian: Поморске земље / Pomorske zemlje), is a medieval term, used to designate several maritime regions of Upper Dalmatia and its hinterland, that at the end of the 12th century, during the reign of Stefan Nemanja (1166–1196),^[1] became part of the Grand Principality of Serbia,^[2] and remained part of the medieval Kingdom of Serbia, whose rulers were styled with the title: "crowned king and autocrat of all Serbian and coastal lands".^[3]

The term Pomorje (or Primorje) literally means: maritime (coastal, littoral). Today, regions of medieval Pomorje belong to modern Montenegro, Bosnia and Herzegovina and Croatia.

History[]

Pomorje included most of the coastal regions of modern-day Montenegro, southern halves of Dalmatia and Herzegovina region.^[4]

Medieval Pomorje included most of the coastal regions of modern-day Montenegro, the southern regions of Bosnia and Herzegovina, notably most of Herzegovina region, and a southeastern part of region Dalmatia in Croatia.^[4]

Use in royal titles[]

The term was used in royal and religious titles both by Bosnian and Serbian monarchs and their heirs (Uroš I, styled himself "King in Christ, God faithful, King of Serbia and Maritime Lands", and Patriarchs (Saint Sava III, "Archbishop of All Serbian and Maritime Lands").

Desa, styled himself "Prince of Pomorje (Maritime Lands)"
Vladislav, styled himself "King of all the Serbian and Maritime Lands"
Uroš I, styled himself "King in Christ, God faithful, King of Serbia and Maritime Lands"
Uroš IV Dušan, "King of all the Serbian and Maritime Lands"
1329 Stephen II, Ban of Bosnia, styled "high and mighty lord, free ruler and master of Bosnia, Usora and Soli, Donji Kraji and many other places, and Prince of the Hum and the Seaside"
1377 Tvrtko I crowned himself "King of the Serbs, Bosnia, Maritime, and Western Areas".^[5]

References[]

^ Ćirković 2004, p. 31-32.
^ Fine 1994, p. 7-9.
^ Ćirković 2004, p. 39-40.
^ ^a ^b Nevill Forbes, The Balkans: A History of Bulgaria, Serbia, Greece, Rumania, Turkey, p. 59, Digital Antiquaria, 2004, ISBN 1-58057-314-2, ISBN 978-1-58057-314-6
^ Ćirković 2004, p. 81.

Sources[]

Primary sources

Ферјанчић, Божидар (1959). "Константин VII Порфирогенит". Византиски извори за историју народа Југославије. Vol. 2. Београд: Византолошки институт. pp. 1–98.
Кунчер, Драгана (2009). Gesta Regum Sclavorum. Vol. 1. Београд-Никшић: Историјски институт, Манастир Острог.
Moravcsik, Gyula, ed. (1967) [1949]. Constantine Porphyrogenitus: De Administrando Imperio (2nd revised ed.). Washington D.C.: Dumbarton Oaks Center for Byzantine Studies. ISBN 9780884020219.
Pertz, Georg Heinrich, ed. (1845). Einhardi Annales. Hanover.
Scholz, Bernhard Walter, ed. (1970). Carolingian Chronicles: Royal Frankish Annals and Nithard's Histories. University of Michigan Press. ISBN 0472061860.
Шишић, Фердо, ed. (1928). Летопис Попа Дукљанина (Chronicle of the Priest of Duklja). Београд-Загреб: Српска краљевска академија.
Живковић, Тибор (2009). Gesta Regum Sclavorum. Vol. 2. Београд-Никшић: Историјски институт, Манастир Острог.

Secondary sources

Ćirković, Sima (2004). The Serbs. Malden: Blackwell Publishing. ISBN 9781405142915.
Curta, Florin (2006). Southeastern Europe in the Middle Ages, 500–1250. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Fine, John Van Antwerp Jr. (1991) [1983]. The Early Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Sixth to the Late Twelfth Century. Ann Arbor, Michigan: University of Michigan Press. ISBN 0472081497.
Fine, John Van Antwerp Jr. (1994) [1987]. The Late Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Late Twelfth Century to the Ottoman Conquest. Ann Arbor, Michigan: University of Michigan Press. ISBN 0472082604.
Fine, John Van Antwerp Jr. (2005). When Ethnicity Did Not Matter in the Balkans: A Study of Identity in Pre-Nationalist Croatia, Dalmatia, and Slavonia in the Medieval and Early-Modern Periods. Ann Arbor, Michigan: University of Michigan Press. ISBN 0472025600.
Hupchick, Dennis P. (2002). The Balkans: From Constantinople to Communism. New York: Palgrave.
Hupchick, Dennis P. (2017). The Bulgarian-Byzantine Wars for Early Medieval Balkan Hegemony: Silver-Lined Skulls and Blinded Armies. New York: Springer. ISBN 9783319562063.
Janković, Đorđe (2004). "The Slavs in the 6th Century North Illyricum". Гласник Српског археолошког друштва. 20: 39–61.
Јанковић, Ђорђе (2007). Српско Поморје од 7. до 10. столећа (Serbian Maritime from 7th to 10th Century) (PDF). Београд: Српско археолошко друштво.
Luttwak, Edward N. (2009). The Grand Strategy of the Byzantine Empire. Harvard University Press. ISBN 9780674035195.
Orbini, Mauro (1601). Il Regno de gli Slavi hoggi corrottamente detti Schiavoni. Pesaro: Apresso Girolamo Concordia.
Орбин, Мавро (1968). Краљевство Словена. Београд: Српска књижевна задруга.
Ostrogorsky, George (1956). History of the Byzantine State. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.
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Whittow, Mark (1996), The Making of Byzantium, 600–1025, MacMillan Press, ISBN 0-520-20496-4
Живковић, Тибор (2002). Јужни Словени под византијском влашћу 600-1025 (South Slavs under the Byzantine Rule 600-1025). Београд: Историјски институт САНУ, Службени гласник.
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Pomorje

Contents

History[]

Use in royal titles[]

See also[]

References[]

Sources[]

Further reading[]