Principality of Lippe

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Principality of Lippe Fürstentum Lippe
1123–1918
Flag Coat of arms
The Principality of Lippe within the German Empire
Status	State of the Holy Roman Empire (1123–1806) State of the Confederation of the Rhine (1806–1813) State of the German Confederation (1815–1866) State of the North German Confederation (1867–1871) Federated State of the German Empire (1871–1918)
Capital	Detmold
Common languages	West Low German
Religion	Church of Lippe
Government	Principality
History
• Established	1123
• Raised to County	1528
• Raised to Principality	1789
• German Revolution	12 November 1918
Preceded by Succeeded by Duchy of Saxony Free State of Lippe

Lippe and neighbouring states in the late 18th century

Map of Lippe in 1918

The princely castle at Detmold

Terms of various things in Lippisch dialect compared to Standard German

Lippe (later Lippe-Detmold and then again Lippe) was a historical state in Germany, ruled by the House of Lippe. It was located between the Weser river and the southeast part of the Teutoburg Forest.

History[]

The founder of what would become the County of Lippe (1528–1789), then the Principality of Lippe (1789–1918) was Bernhard I, who received a grant of territory from Lothair III in 1123. Bernhard I assumed the title of Edler Herr zu Lippe ("Noble Lord at Lippe"). The history of the dynasty and its further acquisitions of land really began with Bernard II. His territory was probably formed out of land he acquired on the destruction of the Duchy of Saxony following the demise of Henry the Lion in 1180. From 1196 to 1666 the descendants of Bernard II passed their holdings from father to sons for sixteen generations. Thereafter until 1905, a collateral branch passed Lippe from father to sons for eight generations. A distant relation then became the last ruler until the Revolution of 1918 when Lippe became the Free State of Lippe.^[1] Simon V was the first ruler of Lippe to style himself as a count (Graf) in 1528.^[2]

Following the death of Simon VI in 1613, the county was partitioned between his three sons; Lippe-Detmold went to Simon VII, Lippe-Brake to Otto and Lippe-Alverdissen went to Philip I. The county of Lippe-Brake was reunited with the main Detmold line in 1709. A son of Simon VII, Jobst Herman, founded another branch of the family, the Lippe-Biesterfeld line;^[2] the Lippe-Weissenfeld branch later separated from the Lippe-Biesterfelds. Both Lippe-Biesterfeld and Lippe-Weissenfeld were paragiums (non-sovereign estates of a cadet-branch) within the County of Lippe, and both branches, owning only modest manor houses in the county, acquired property in other states by marriage and moved out of the county in the late 18th century, the Biesterfeld branch to the Rhineland and the Weissenfeld branch to Saxony.

The Counts of Lippe-Detmold were granted the title of Imperial prince in 1789.^[2]

Shortly after becoming a member state of the German Empire in 1871, the Lippe-Detmold line died out on 20 July 1895. This resulted in an inheritance dispute between the neighbouring principality of Schaumburg-Lippe and the Lippe-Biesterfeld line. The dispute was resolved by the Imperial Court in Leipzig in 1905, with the lands passing to the Lippe-Biesterfeld line who, until this point, had no territorial sovereignty.^[2]

The Principality of Lippe came to an end on 12 November 1918 with the abdication of Leopold IV, with Lippe becoming a Free State. In 1947, Lippe merged into the state of North Rhine-Westphalia. The princely family still owns the estate and  [de] in Detmold.^[3]

Lords of Lippe (1123–1528)[]

Raised to a county in 1528

Counts of Lippe (-Detmold from 1613)[]

Raised to a principality in 1789

Princes of Lippe[]

Lippe-Biesterfeld line (see above) succeeded as senior line:

Line of succession[]

See also[]

• List of consorts of Lippe
• Ostwestfalen-Lippe

Notes[]

References[]

Attribution

•  This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Lippe". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 16 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 740–741.

Further reading[]

• A. Falkmann, Beiträge zur Geschichte des Fürstenthums Lippe (Detmold, 1857–1892; 6 vols.)
• Schwanold, Das Fürstentum Lippe, das Land und seine Bewohner (Detmold, 1899)
• Piderit, Die lippischen Edelherrn im Mittelalter (Detmold, 1876)
• A. Falkmann and O. Preuss, Lippische Regenten (Detmold, 1860–1868)
• H. Triepel, Der Streit um die Thronfolge im Fürstentum Lippe (Leipzig, 1903)
• P. Laband, Die Thronfolge im Fürstentum Lippe' (Freiburg, 1891)
• Schiedsspruch in dem Rechtstreit über die Thronfolge im Fürstentum Lippe vom 25 Okt. 1905 (Leipzig, 1906)

External links[]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Principality of Lippe.

• Ordinances and by-laws of the county of Lippe online (in German)
• Guidelines for the integration of the Land Lippe within the territory of the federal state North-Rhine-Westphalia of 17 January 1947 (in German)