Productida
Productida Temporal range:
| |
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Productid brachiopod ventral valve interior; Roadian, Guadalupian (Middle Permian); Glass Mountains, Texas. | |
Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Brachiopoda |
Class: | †Strophomenata |
Order: | †Productida Sarytcheva & Sokolskaya, 1959 |
Suborders | |
Productida is an extinct order of brachiopods in the extinct class Strophomenata. Members of Productida first appeared during the Silurian.[1] They represented the most abundant group of brachiopods during the Permian period, accounting for 45-70% of all species. The vast majority of species went extinct during the Permian-Triassic extinction event, though a handful survived into the Early Triassic.[2] Many productids are covered in hollow tubular spines, which are characteristic of the group. A number of functions for the spines have been proposed, including as a defensive mechanism against predators.[3]
Taxonomy[]
Following the Treatise[4]
- Suborder Chonetidina
- Superfamily
- Family
- Family
- Family
- Family
- Family
- Family Rugosochonetidae
- Family
- Superfamily
- Suborder Productidina
- Superfamily
- Family
- Family
- Superfamily
- Family
- Family
- Superfamily
- Family
- Family
- Superfamily
- Suborder Strophalosiidina
- Superfamily
- Family
- Family
- Family
- Superfamily
- Family
- Family
- Family
- Superfamily
- Family
- Family
- Family
- Family
- Superfamily
- Suborder Lyttoniidina
- Superfamily
- Family
- Family
- Superfamily
- Family
- Superfamily
References[]
- ^ Clarkson, E. N. K. (2013-07-23). Invertebrate Palaeontology and Evolution. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 978-1-118-68516-7.
- ^ Zhang, Yang; He, WeiHong (November 2008). "Evolutionary patterns of Productida (Brachiopoda) morphology during the Permian in South China". Science in China Series D: Earth Sciences. 51 (11): 1589–1600. doi:10.1007/s11430-008-0131-3. ISSN 1006-9313. S2CID 129786860.
- ^ Johnsen, Simen Alexander Linge; Ahmed, Madeeha; Leighton, Lindsey R. (April 2013). "The effect of spines of a Devonian productide brachiopod on durophagous predation". Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. 375: 30–37. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2013.02.009.
- ^ Williams, Alwyn; Carlson, S.J.; Brunton, C.H.C.; Holmer, L.E.; Popov, L.E.; Mergl, M.; Laurie, J.R.; Bassett, M.G.; Cocks, L.R.M.; Rong, J.-Y.; et al. (2000). Paul Selden (ed.). "Part H, Brachiopoda. Linguliformea, Craniiformea, and Rhynchonelliformea". Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology. Geological Society of America.
External links[]
- Data related to Productida at Wikispecies
- Media related to Productida at Wikimedia Commons
- Productida at fossilworks.org
Categories:
- Productida
- Brachiopod orders
- Prehistoric animal orders
- Brachiopod stubs