Ramaria abietina

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Ramaria abietina
Ramaria abietina.jpg
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Fungi
Division:
Basidiomycota
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Gomphales
Family:
Gomphaceae
Genus:
Ramaria
Species:
R. abietina
Binomial name
Ramaria abietina
(Pers.) Quél. (1888)[1]
Synonyms[7]
  • Clavaria abietina Pers. (1794)[2]
  • Merisma abietinum (Pers.) Sprengel (1827)[3]
  • Hydnum abietinum (Pers.) Duby (1830)[4]
  • Clavariella abietina (Pers.) J.Schröt. (1888)[5]
  • Phaeoclavulina abietina (Pers.) Giachini (2011)[6]

Ramaria abietina, commonly known as the green-staining coral, is a coral mushroom in the family Gomphaceae. It is characterized by the green staining reaction it develops in response to bruising or injury.

Taxonomy[]

The species was first described by Christian Hendrik Persoon in 1794 as Clavaria abietina. Lucien Quélet transferred it to the genus Ramaria in 1898.[7] It is commonly known as the "green-staining" coral".[8] In the Nahuatl language, it is called xelhuas del veneno, meaning "poisonous broom".[9]

It was classified in the subgenus Asteroramaria of the genus Ramaria. Molecular phylogenetic analysis in the early 2000s (decade) showed that Ramaria was polyphyletic.[10]

Description[]

Fruit bodies are leathery, and brittle when dry. They are small, measuring 2–5 cm (0.8–2.0 in) tall by 1–3 cm (0.4–1.2 in) wide, and branch from the central stem up to five times. The slender branches are slightly flattened or spreading, and forked or crested near the top. The color of the fruit body is medium yellow green to light olive, but will bruise a darker olive green to dark olive green. The stem is short, and have a mat of mycelia at its base, which is attached to rhizomorphs that branch into the substrate. The odor of the mushroom tissue ranges from indistinct to earthy, and it tastes initially sweet, then somewhat bitter.[8] The species is inedible.[11]

The spores are dark orange-yellow when collected in mass. Spores are pip-shaped to broadly elliptical, with one oblique end; their dimensions are 6–8 by 4–4.5 μm. The basidia (spore-bearing cells) are typically four-spored, with the spores attached by sterigmata up to 7 μm long.[8]

Similar species[]

Similar in appearance is , but this species does not stain when bruised.[8]

Habitat and distribution[]

Fruit bodies grow scattered or in groups on the ground in duff of coniferous forests. In North America, it is found in the Pacific Northwest[8] and Mexico.[9] It is also found in Europe.[12]

References[]

  1. ^ Quélet L. (1888). "Flore mycologique de la France et des pays limitrophes" (in French). Paris, France: Octave Doin: 467. Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  2. ^ Persoon CH (1794). "Neuer Versuch einer systematischen Eintheilung der Schwamme". Neues Magazin für die Botanik Römer (in Latin). 1: 63–80.
  3. ^ Sprengel C. (1827). Caroli Linnaei systema vegetabilium (in Latin). 4 (16th ed.). Göttingen, Germany: Sumtibus Librariae Dieterichianae. p. 495.
  4. ^ Duby JE (1830). Botanicon gallicum. 2 (2nd ed.). Paris, France: Desray. p. 778.
  5. ^ Schröter J. (1888). "Kryptogamen-Flora von Schlesien" (in German). 3-1(4). Lehre, Germany: Cramer: 448. Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  6. ^ Giachini AJ, Castellano MA (2011). "A new taxonomic classification for species in Gomphus sensu lato". Mycotaxon. 115: 183–201. doi:10.5248/115.183.
  7. ^ Jump up to: a b "Ramaria abietina (Pers.) Quél. 1888". MycoBank. International Mycological Association. Retrieved 2012-10-21.
  8. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e Tylukti EE (1987). Mushrooms of Idaho and the Pacific Northwest. Vol. 2. Non-gilled Hymenomycetes. Moscow, Idaho: The University of Idaho Press. pp. 93–4. ISBN 0-89301-097-9.
  9. ^ Jump up to: a b Montoya A; Hernández-Totomoch; Estrada-Torres A; Kong A; Caballero J (2003). "Traditional Knowledge about Mushrooms in a Nahua Community in the State of Tlaxcala, México". Mycologia. 95 (5): 793–806. doi:10.2307/3762007. JSTOR 3762007. PMID 21148986.
  10. ^ Humpert AJ, Muench EL, Giachini AJ, Castellano MA, Spatafora JW (2001). "Molecular phylogenetics of Ramaria and related genera: evidence from nuclear large subunit and mitochondrial small subunit rDNA sequences". Mycologia. 93 (3): 465–77. doi:10.2307/3761733. JSTOR 3761733.
  11. ^ Miller Jr., Orson K.; Miller, Hope H. (2006). North American Mushrooms: A Field Guide to Edible and Inedible Fungi. Guilford, CN: FalconGuide. p. 348. ISBN 978-0-7627-3109-1.
  12. ^ Jordan M. (2004). The Encyclopedia of Fungi of Britain and Europe. London, UK: Frances Lincoln. p. 89. ISBN 0-7112-2378-5.

External links[]

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