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In mathematics, a rectangular mask short-time Fourier transform has the simple form of short-time Fourier transform. Other types of the STFT may require more computation time than the rec-STFT.
Define its mask function
From the image, when B is smaller, the time resolution is better. Otherwise, when B is larger, the frequency resolution is better.
We can choose specified B to decide time resolution and frequency resolution.
Advantage and disadvantage[]
Compare with the Fourier transform
Advantage
The instantaneous frequency can be observed.
Disadvantage
Higher complexity of computation.
Compared with other types of time-frequency analysis:
The rec-STFT has an advantage of the least computation time for digital implementation,
but its performance is worse than other types of time-frequency analysis.