Republic of China Armed Forces rank insignia
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The Republic of China Armed Forces in Taiwan has five rank schemes among different military branches, including Army,[1] Navy,[2] and Air Force.[3] The Marine Corps,[4] although being a part of the Navy, maintains a different insignia to other naval fleet personnel. The Military Police has insignia very similar to the Army, just with a slightly different green color. Under the current regulations, military ranks contain the following:
- Officers (軍官) can be classified into three(3) levels (generals, colonels, captains), and to ten(10) ranks,
- Non-commissioned officers (士官) can be classified into six(6) ranks, and
- Enlisted personnels (士兵) can be classified into three(3) ranks.
The official military rank names in Traditional Chinese are identical across all different military branches, but their English translations may be different.
History[]
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The rank system of the Republic of China Armed Forces was originally based on that of the Wehrmacht of Germany (Weimar Republic and early era of Nazi Germany) during the era of Sino-German cooperation in the 1930s. Due to the German influence, the rank of one-star general or admiral does not use the French-style title of Brigadier General, but the German-style title of Major General (Army, Air force and Marines) or Rear Admiral (Navy).
After the government of the Republic of China relocated to Taiwan in December 1949, the military rank system had a large reform in 1956. The rank structure is getting closer to the one used by the United States Armed Forces.
Before 2000, Generalissimo (Chinese: 特級上將; pinyin: Tèjí Shàngjiàng; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Te̍k-kip Siōng-chiòng) was the highest military rank of the Armed Forces. It was bestowed only once, to Chiang Kai-shek in 1935. This rank was abolished since 2000.
The rank of full general (Chinese: 一級上將; pinyin: Yījí Shàngjiàng; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: It-kip Siōng-chiòng) was designed for the Chief of the General Staff and some senior military strategy advisors in the Office of the President. Since 2013, the new regulations have all these positions shall be with lower rank generals. The rank of full general will be granted only in wartime.[citation needed]
Officers[]
Level | Generals | Colonels | Captains | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Rank | 一級上將 | 二級上將 | 中將 | 少將 | 上校 | 中校 | 少校 | 上尉 | 中尉 | 少尉 | 尉 |
Mandarin | Yījí Shàngjiàng | Èrjí Shàngjiàng | Zhōngjiàng | Shaojiàng | Shàngxiào | Zhōngxiào | Shàoxiào | Shàngwèi | Zhōngwèi | Shàowèi | Wèi |
Taiwanese | It-kip Siōng-chiòng | Jī-kip Siōng-chiòng | Tiong-chiòng | Siáu-chiòng | Siōng-hāu | Tiong-hāu | Siáu-hāu | Siōng-ùi | Tiong-ùi | Siáu-ùi | Ùi |
Hakka | Yit-khi̍p Song-chiông | Ngi-khi̍p Song-chiông | Chûng-chiông | Seu-chiông | Song-káu | Chûng-káu | Seu-káu | Song-ví | Chûng-ví | Seu-ví | Ví |
Equivalent NATO Code |
OF-9 | OF-8 | OF-7 | OF-5 | OF-4 | OF-3 | OF-2 | OF-1 | |||
Republic of China Army | |||||||||||
Rank | Full general | General | Lieutenant general |
Major general |
Colonel | Lieutenant colonel |
Major | Captain | First lieutenant |
Second lieutenant |
Third lieutenant |
Insignia | ![]() |
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Republic of China Military Police | |||||||||||
Rank | Lieutenant general |
Major general |
Colonel | Lieutenant colonel |
Major | Captain | First lieutenant |
Second lieutenant |
Third lieutenant | ||
Insignia | ![]() |
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Republic of China Navy | |||||||||||
Rank | Full Admiral | Admiral | Vice admiral |
Rear admiral |
Captain | Commander | Lieutenant commander |
Lieutenant | Lieutenant (junior grade) |
Ensign | |
Insignia | ![]() |
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Republic of China Marine Corps | |||||||||||
Rank | General | Lieutenant general |
Major general |
Colonel | Lieutenant colonel |
Major | Captain | First lieutenant |
Second lieutenant |
Third lieutenant | |
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Republic of China Air Force | |||||||||||
Rank | Full general | General | Lieutenant general |
Major general |
Colonel | Lieutenant colonel |
Major | Captain | First lieutenant |
Second lieutenant |
Third lieutenant |
Insignia | ![]() |
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Warrant Officers[]
Grade | Rank | Abbreviation | Army | Military Police | Marine Corps | Air Force |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
WO | Warrant Officer (准尉 Chunwèi) |
WO | ![]() |
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Enlisted[]
Level | Non-commissioned officers | Enlisted personnels | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Rank | 一等士官長 | 二等士官長 | 三等士官長 | 上士 | 中士 | 下士 | 上等兵 | 一等兵 | 二等兵 | |
Mandarin | Yīděng Shìguānzhǎng | Èrděng Shìguānzhǎng | Sānděng Shìguānzhǎng | Shàngshi | Zhōngshi | Xiàshi | Shàngděng Bīng | Yīděng Bīng | Èrděng Bīng | |
Taiwanese | It-téng Sū-koaⁿ-tiúⁿ | Jī-téng Sū-koaⁿ-tiúⁿ | Sàm-téng Sū-koaⁿ-tiúⁿ | Siōng-sū | Tiong-sū | Hā-sū | Siōng-téng Peng | It-téng Peng | Jī-téng Peng | |
Hakka | Yit-tén Sṳ-kôn-chóng | Ngi-tén Sṳ-kôn-chóng | Sâm-tén Sṳ-kôn-chóng | Song-sṳ | Chûng-sṳ | Ha-sṳ | Song-tén Pîn | Yit-tén Pîn | Ngi-tén Pîn | |
Equivalent NATO Code |
OR-9 | OR-8 | OR-7 | OR-6 | OR-5 | OR-4 | OR-3 | OR-2 | OR-1 | |
Republic of China Army | ||||||||||
Rank | First class master sergeant |
Second class master sergeant |
Third class master sergeant |
Staff sergeant | Sergeant | Corporal | Private specialist |
Private first class |
Private | |
Insignia | ![]() |
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Republic of China Military Police | ||||||||||
Rank | First class master sergeant |
Second class master sergeant |
Third class master sergeant |
Staff sergeant | Sergeant | Corporal | Private specialist |
Private first class |
Private | |
Insignia | ![]() |
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Republic of China Navy | ||||||||||
Rank | First class chief petty officer |
Second class chief petty officer |
Third class chief petty officer |
Petty officer first class |
Petty officer second class |
Petty officer third class |
Seaman specialist |
Seaman first class |
Seaman | |
Insignia | ![]() |
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Republic of China Marine Corps | ||||||||||
Rank | First class master sergeant |
Second class master sergeant |
Third class master sergeant |
Staff Sergeant | Sergeant | Corporal | Lance corporal |
Private first class |
Private | |
Insignia | ![]() |
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Republic of China Air Force | ||||||||||
Rank | First class master sergeant |
Second class master sergeant |
Third class master sergeant |
Staff Sergeant | Sergeant | Corporal | Senior airman |
Airman first class |
Airman | |
Insignia | ![]() |
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Historic ranks[]
Officer rank[]
Rank group | General/flag officers | Field/senior officers | Junior officers | Officer cadet | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
特級上將 | 一級上將 | 二級上將 | 中將 | 少將 | 代將 | 上校 | 中校 | 少校 | 上尉 | 中尉 | 少尉 | 准尉 | 軍校生 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Tèjí shàng jiàng | Yījí shàng jiàng | Èr jí shàng jiàng | Zhōng jiàng | Shào jiàng | Dài jiāng | Shàng xiào | Zhōng xiào | Shào xiào | Shàng wèi | Zhōng wèi | Shào wèi | Zhǔn wèi | Jūnxiào shēng | |||||||||||||||||||||||
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Other ranks[]
Rank group | Non-commissioned officers | Soldiers | ||||
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上士 | 中士 | 下士 | 上等兵 | 一等兵 | 二等兵 | |
Shàng shì | Zhōng shì | Xiàshì | Shàngděngbīng | Yī děng bīng | Èrděngbīng | |
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See also[]
- Ministry of National Defense (Republic of China)
- Republic of China Armed Forces
- Comparative ranks of Nazi Germany
- Military ranks and insignia of the Japan Self-Defense Forces
- Singapore Armed Forces ranks
Notes[]
References[]
- ^ Republic of China Army (Since 1981)
- ^ Republic of China Navy (Since 1981)
- ^ Republic of China Air Force (Since 1981)
- ^ Republic of China Marine Corps (Since 1981)
- ^ Jump up to: a b DI (15 June 2015). "World War 2 Allied Officers Rank Insignia". Daily Infographics. Archived from the original on 17 October 2017. Retrieved 6 May 2018.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c Mollo 2001, p. 192.
- ^ Mollo 2001, p. 194.
- Mollo, Andrew (2001). The Armed Forces of World War II: Uniforms, Insignia & Organisation. Leicester: Silverdale books. ISBN 1-85605-603-1.
External links[]
- Military ranks of the Republic of China
- Republic of China Army