Rhododendron spinuliferum
Rhododendron spinuliferum | |
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Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Plantae |
Clade: | Tracheophytes |
Clade: | Angiosperms |
Clade: | Eudicots |
Clade: | Asterids |
Order: | Ericales |
Family: | Ericaceae |
Genus: | Rhododendron |
Species: | R. spinuliferum
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Binomial name | |
Rhododendron spinuliferum |
Rhododendron spinuliferum is a species of flowering plant in the family Ericaceae, native to Yunnan, southwestern Sichuan, and Guizhou China.
Description[]
Rhododendron spinuliferum grows as an evergreen shub 0.5 to 3.5 m (1.6 to 11.5 ft) high. It has delicate oval or lanceolate (spear-shaped) leaves 3 to 10.5 cm (1.2 to 4.1 in) long by 1.8 to 3.8 cm (0.71 to 1.50 in) wide, with cuneate (wedge-shaped) bases and pointed tips.[1] The red tube-shaped flowers appear from February to June.[1][2] These tubular corollas and tapered ends are unusual for the genus.[3]
Taxonomy[]
French botanist Adrien René Franchet described Rhododendron spinuliferum in 1895. Two subspecies are recognised.[1] Within the genus Rhododendron, it lies in the subgenus Rhododendron and section Rhododendron. Analysis of its DNA shows it is most closely related to , the two sister species having R. keiskei as the next closest relative. However, the section appears to be polyphyletic, with these species early offshoots of the section Vireya.[4]
Distribution and habitat[]
The range is southwestern Sichuan, northeastern and western Yunnan at altitudes ranging from 1,900 to 2,500 m (6,200 to 8,200 ft), in coniferous forests with Keteleeria, or mixed conifer and deciduous forest with oak (Quercus),[1] in shaded areas and thickets.[2]
Cultivation and uses[]
In cultivation, Rhododendron spinuliferum grows best in acidic soils of pH 4–6 with a shady aspect and significant organic material in the soil,[2] although excess shade will result in few flowers and leggy habit. Readily propagated by seed or cuttings, it flowers in four to five years from seed.[3]
Hybrid cultivars derived from this species include:
- Rhododendron 'Crossbill' (spinuliferum × lutescens)
- Rhododendron 'Seta' A.M. (spinuliferum × moupinense)
- Rhododendron 'Spinulosum'
Chinese traditional medicine[]
Rhododendron spinuliferum has been used in Chinese traditional medicine to remove phlegm and treat asthma.[5]
References[]
- ^ a b c d "Rhododendron spinuliferum Franchet". Flora of China. eFlora. Retrieved 12 November 2012.
- ^ a b c Blue Mountains Botanic Garden; Mt Tomah. "Rhododendron spinuliferum "A Unique Rhododendron"". Plant of the Month. Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust. Retrieved 12 November 2012.
- ^ a b Brydon, P.H. (November 1948). "Rhododendron spinuliferum". Journal American Rhododendron Society. 2 (4).
- ^ Craven, L.A.; Goetsch, L.A.; Hall, B.D.; Brown, G.K. (2008). "Classification of the Vireya group of Rhododendron (Ericaceae)" (PDF). Blumea. 53 (2): 435–42. doi:10.3767/000651908X608070.
- ^ Chen, G.; Jin, H. Z.; Li, X. F.; Zhang, Q.; Shen, Y. H.; Yan, S. K.; Zhang, W. D. (2008). "A new chromone glycoside from Rhododendron spinuliferum". Archives of Pharmacal Research. 31 (8): 970–972. doi:10.1007/s12272-001-1253-y. PMID 18787782. S2CID 11304623.
- Rhododendron
- Flora of China
- Fauna of Yunnan
- Plants described in 1895
- Plants used in traditional Chinese medicine