Royal Consort Jeong-Bi
| Royal Consort Jeong-Bi An 정비 안씨 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Royal Consort of Goryeo | |||||
| Tenure | 1366–1374 | ||||
| Coronation | 1366 | ||||
| Predecessor | Royal Consort Ik | ||||
| Successor | Royal Consort Sin | ||||
| Grand Consort of Goryeo | |||||
| Tenure | c.1374/5–1388 | ||||
| Coronation | c.1374/5 | ||||
| Predecessor | Grand Consort Hong | ||||
| Successor | Dynasty abolished | ||||
| Monarch | King U | ||||
| Royal Grand Consort of Goryeo | |||||
| Tenure | c.1388–1392 | ||||
| Coronation | c.1388 | ||||
| Predecessor | None | ||||
| Successor | Dynasty abolished | ||||
| Monarch | King Chang King Gongyang | ||||
| Born | c.1350 Juksan-si, Yanggwang-do, Kingdom of Goryeo | ||||
| Died | 1428 (aged more than 75) Yangju-si, Yanggwang-do, Kingdom of Joseon | ||||
| Spouse | |||||
| |||||
| House | Juksan An or Jukju An (by birth) House of Wang (by marriage) | ||||
| Father | An Geuk-in, Prince Jukseong | ||||
| Mother | Lady, of the Gari Yi clan | ||||
| Religion | Buddhism | ||||
| Royal Consort Jeong of the Jukju An clan | |
| Hangul | |
|---|---|
| Hanja | |
| Revised Romanization | Jeongbi Anssi |
| McCune–Reischauer | Ch'ŏng'pi An'ssh'i |
| Dharma name | |
| Hangul | |
| Hanja | |
| Revised Romanization | Deokwol |
| McCune–Reischauer | Tŏk'wol |
| Princess Uihwa (Joseon Royal Title) | |
| Hangul | |
| Hanja | |
| Revised Romanization | Uihwa Gungju |
| McCune–Reischauer | Ui'hwa Kungch'u |
Royal Consort Jeong of the Juksan An clan (Hangul: 정비 안씨, Hanja: 定妃 安氏; d. 1428) or formally called as Royal Grand Consort An (Korean: 왕대비 안씨; Hanja: 王大妃 安氏) during the three reign kings: U, Chang and Gongyang's reign, was a Korean Royal Consort and the 4th wife of King Gongmin of Goryeo. She was also known with her Dharma name as Deok-wol (Korean: 덕월; Hanja: 德月) and her new royal title as Princess Uihwa (Korean: 의화궁주; Hanja: 義和宮主) given by King Taejo of Joseon in 1392.
She has been spoken of as a tragic figure among the women of the Later Goryeo dynasty:
Lady An, a woman who lived the rest of her life with alcohol while issuing the decrees of the three King's abdication even closing the door of the Goryeo Royal Family to which she belonged and surviving until the reign of King Sejong the Great of Joseon.
안씨, 소문이 나돌았으며 왕의 폐위 교서를 3번이나 내리고 결국 자신이 속했던 고려 왕실의 문을 닫는 역할까지 하면서 술로 여생을 보내다가 세종 대까지 생존한 여인.— Jang, Kyung-soon (6 December 2015). "백발의 80 노인이었다가 수려한 미녀로 돌변하는 정비 안씨". ChoiceNews (in Korean). Retrieved September 29, 2021.
Biography[]
Marriage and Palace life[]
In October 1366 (15th year reign of Gongmin), he took An as his Queen Consort as he didn't have any issue from his first-marriage. Then, in December, she become Jeong-Bi (정비, 定妃).[1]
At this time, An's father, (안극인) who was a comrade-in-chief, suggested to King Gongmin to suspended the construction of Queen Noguk's Yeongjeon (영전, 影殿), but An Geuk-in was removed from the office. Meanwhile, after her re-entry to the Palace, the King continued to commit misdeeds,[2] such as forcing her to have sex with some of the young men from Jajewi (자제위, 子弟衛), but she adamantly refused.[3] In May 1367, she and Consort Han went to Gorari (고라리, 高羅里) and watched Gyeoggu Game (격구놀).
In October 1372 (21st year of King Gongmin), he selected some young and handsome men then, ordered (한안) and (홍륜) from the Self-Defense Committee to rape his concubines. In this way, when a son was born from them, Gongmin will make that son become his. After this, An, Consort Han and others couldn't refuse this order and actually became pregnant.[3] In 1374, King Gongmin was assassinated and King U ascended the throne.
During King U's reign[]
An then went out from the Palace and became a nun, then King U make her younger brother, An Suk-ro (안숙로)[4]'s daughter, Lady An become his consort with the title Hyeon-Bi (현비, 賢妃).[5] Even after King Gongmin's death, the court under King U's command still respect them and continued to provide their daily necessities, also the new King gave "Jahye Mansion" (자혜부, 慈惠府) as An's palace to lived.
After King U's ascension to the throne succeed his father, it was said that U always taunted and harassed the Dowager Consort An by saying:
- "Among my consorts, How can they have no one like you, Mother?"
"나의 후궁들은 어찌 모씨(母氏)와 같은 이가 없는가?"
Also, he often visited her mansion for two or three times a day, sometimes he went there again at night. Because of this, there were a rumor that An was harassed by King U own for attempted rape and strange rumors circulated. One day, while King U went to her palace again, An fell ill and didn't comb her hair, so they cancelled to meet and he instead meet her niece. Seeing this, people say:
- "The Dowager Consort is trying to hide herself because she fear of ridicule from others."
"정비가 남의 비웃음을 두려워하여 스스로 감추려 하는 것이다."
Beside this, there was an interpretation that King U, who was an orphan with no one to depend on, craved maternal love from his stepmother, Consort An.
During King Chang and King Gongyang's reign[]
In 1388, Yi Seong-gye (이성계) deposed King U from his position and as the oldest member in the palace, An agree this permission and choose the new candidate to succeed him, King Chang.[6] Then, in December, all of palace maids was stopped to provide An's daily necessities.
One years later, Yi and Jeong Mong-ju (정몽주) once deposed King Chang[7] and forced her to made King Gongyang to be crowned as the new one, she then dethroned King Chang and proclaimed a letter again stating that King Gongyang was crowned.[8] Under King Gongyang's command, An then moved to "Gyeongsin Hall" (경신전, 敬愼殿) and honoured as Royal Grand Consort Jeongsuk-seonmyeong-gyeongsin-ikseong-yuhye (정숙선명경신익성유혜왕대비, 貞淑宣明敬信翼成柔惠王大妃).
In 1392, Yi and his allies forced the King Gongyang's dethronement and threatened An by forced her with a memorandum to allow the establishment of a new dynasty and handed over the national seal to him.[9] As a result, the Goryeo dynasty who was overthrown for almost of 475 years fallen and the new Joseon dynasty was established.
Later life, death and funeral[]
An had a long-life until the end of Goryeo dynasty and the early Joseon dynasty that established by Yi Seong-gye (이성계). Later, on 7 August 1392 (4th year reign of King Taejo), she honoured as Princess Uihwa (의화궁주, 義和宮主)[10] which she commonly known with that name during the Joseon dynasty. Later, on 14 May 1428 (1th year reign of King Sejong), she died and this was 36th years after Goryeo's fallen.[11]
In Joseon Sillok, it was recorded that An was close to alcohol after being "Princess Uihwa" and she also spent most of her later-life with drank it after the fall of Goryeo dynasty.[12] 6 days after her death, King Sejong prayed and took care of her funeral with the old system and used the Queen consort's rites manners (dressed her like the real queen). But, where's her tomb's location was unknown due there were no records about this.
Ancestry[]
| Ancestors of Royal Consort Jeong-Bi | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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In popular culture[]
- Portrayed by Chaeryung in the 1983 KBS TV series Foundation of the Kingdom.
- Portrayed by Han Young-sook in the 1983 MBC TV series 500 Years of Joseon: The King of Chudong Palace.
- Portrayed by Han Eun-jin in the 1996-1998 KBS1 TV series Tears of the Dragon.
- Portrayed by Seo Ji-seung in the 2005 MBC TV series Shin Don.
- Portrayed by Kim Min-joo in the 2014 KBS1 TV series Jeong Do-jeon.[13]
- Portrayed by Kim Ji-hyun in the 2015–2016 SBS TV series Six Flying Dragons.
- Portrayed by Kim Bo-mi in the 2021–2022 KBS1 TV series Taejong Yi Bang-won.
References[]
- ^ "왕씨와 안씨를 각기 익비와 정비로 책봉하다". db.history.go.kr (in Korean). Retrieved July 5, 2021.
- ^ 韓國人物小說全集 (in Korean). University of California: Yuwen Ge. 1967. p. 133.
- ^ a b "한국사, 가장 비참했던 한 여인의 이야기...(정비안씨 & 고려멸망". m.blog.naver.com (in Korean). Retrieved July 18, 2021.
- ^ "안숙로(安叔老)" (in Korean). people.aks.ac.kr. Retrieved July 18, 2021.
- ^ Chang-hyun, Kim (2006). 고려 의 남경, 한양 [The Goryeo's Namgyeong and Hanyang] (in Korean). University of Michigan: Sinseowon. p. 139. ISBN 9788979400199.
- ^ "[육룡이나르샤] 창왕 및 대비(정비)". m.blog.naver.com (in Korean). Retrieved July 18, 2021.
- ^ Young-kwan, Lee (2006). 조선 견문록 [The Joseon Dynasty] (in Korean). Chung-A Publisher. p. 17. ISBN 9788936803353.
- ^ "공양왕 총서". db.history.go.kr (in Korean). Retrieved July 18, 2021.
- ^ Young-kyoo, Park (Nov 18, 2004). 한권으로읽는조선왕조실록 [Annals of the Joseon Dynasty in one volume] (in Korean). University of Michigan: Woongjin Knowledge House. p. 24. ISBN 9788901047546.
- ^ "의화 궁주 안씨의 졸기". sillok.history.go.kr (in Korean). Retrieved July 18, 2021.
- ^ "이명덕에게 의화 궁주에게 새 술을 바치도록 하교하다". sillok.history.go.kr (in Chinese). Retrieved July 18, 2021.
- ^ "공민왕의 정비 의화 궁주에게 매일 술 한병씩을 하사하다". sillok.history.go.kr (in Korean). Retrieved July 18, 2021.
- ^ "[정도전] #02-1. 공민왕의 여인들, 그리고 불미스러운 이야기" [[Jeong Do-jeon] #02-1. King Gongmin's womens, also an ugly story]. Naver Blog (in Korean). Naver. 2014. Retrieved July 5, 2021.
External links[]
- 공민왕 (in Korean). Doosan Encyclopedia.
- Jeong-Bi An on Naver (in Korean).
- Jeong-bi An on Encykorea (in Korean).
- 14th-century births
- 14th-century deaths
- Royal consorts of the Goryeo Dynasty
- 14th-century Korean women
- 15th-century Korean women