S. M. Kirov Military Medical Academy

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Coordinates: 59°57′26″N 30°21′03″E / 59.957222°N 30.350833°E / 59.957222; 30.350833

The Imperial Military Medical Academy in 1914 (as photographed by Karl Bulla)

The S. M. Kirov Military Medical Academy (Военно-медицинская академия имени С. М. Кирова) is the oldest higher education institution of military medicine in Saint Petersburg and the Russian Federation. Senior medical staff are trained for the Armed Forces and conduct research in military medical services.

History[]

Origins[]

The origins of the academy go back to the years of Peter the Great. In 1715 by the Tsar's order the Admiralty Hospital in the Vyborg Side of Saint Petersburg was founded. In 1717 next to in the Land Military Hospital was opened. Since 1773 surgical schools attached to both hospitals were operating. In 1786 those schools were consolidated into the Main Medical College. It became the principal training center for army and fleet physicians.[1]

Imperial Medical and Surgical Academy[]

Sir James Wylie Bt

Unofficially, the year 1714 is considered the foundation year of the academy. The Medical and Surgical Academy was established by the order of Emperor Paul I of 18/29 December 1798 on the initiative of , General Director of the Medical College. At the same time a Neoclassical building for the Academy was designed by . It was decorated with a set of panel paintings by Giuseppe Bernasconi.[2]

Ranked as one of the best educational institutions in the Russian Empire, it was known as the Imperial Medical and Surgical Academy from 1808. According to the order of Emperor Alexander I, a member of the Medical and Surgical Academy had the rights, liabilities, and benefits of a member of the Academy of Sciences.

Nikolay Pirogov

Sir James Wylie, a Scottish baronet, managed the academy between 1808 and 1838. His contributions have been commemorated with a monument which stood in front of the academy until the October Revolution. The monument was designed in 1859 by . It was later relocated and replaced with a statue of Hygieia.[3]

In 19th century the Imperial Medical and Surgical Academy played a major role in the development of Russian natural science and medicine. In 1840 — 1856 one of its professors was Nikolay Pirogov, considered the founder of field surgery.

Since 1861 Sergey Botkin, one of Pirogov's disciples, worked at the Academy. He is considered one of the founders of modern Russian medical science and education. Botkin introduced triage, pathological anatomy, and post mortem diagnostics into Russian medical practice.

Imperial Military Medical Academy[]

Ivan Sechenov

In 1881 the Academy's official name was changed into the Imperial Military Medical Academy. In the late 19th century, its physiology laboratory, founded by Ivan Sechenov, was at the forefront of medical research. Ivan Romanovich Tarkhanov conducted some important experiments there.

In 1890 — 1901 the Academy's President was Viktor Pashutin, one of the founders of the pathophysiologic school in Russia and of pathophysiology as an independent scientific discipline.

The Nobel-prize winning physiologist Ivan Pavlov graduated from the Academy in 1879 with Gold Medal award. Since 1895 he headed Department of Physiology at the Academy for three decades.

Ivan Pavlov

In 1904 — 1924 Nikolai Kravkov, the founder of Russian national school of pharmacologists, headed the Academy's Department of Pharmacology.

In 1903 — 1936 one of the Academy's professors was Sergey Fedorov, the founder of the largest national school of surgery and «the father of Russian urology».

The academy was also among the pioneers of medical education for women, launching the courses for nurse-midwives in 1872.[4] Nadezhda Suslova, the first female physician in Russia, attended Sechenov's classes at the academy. A school of gymnastics (now the Military Institute of Physical Culture) was launched in 1909.

S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy[]

After Sergey Kirov's assassination in 1934, the Academy received his name. Leon Orbeli, one of Pavlov's disciples, led the Academy in 1943 — 1950.

In 1956 S. M. Kirov Military Medical Academy was united with the Naval Medical Academy established on the basis of Obukhovskaya Hospital and the Third Leningrad Medical Institute in 1940. The academy had six faculties, 61 departments, 30 clinics, 16 research laboratories, and two research centres in 2002.

Late in 2011, minister of defense Anatoliy Serdyukov declared his intention to move the academy from the historical centre of Saint Petersburg to one of its suburbs. This decision was overturned after Serdyukov had been sacked.[5]

The campus on the bank of the Neva River

By contemporary standards, it is a full-scale medical school complete with a network of teaching and research clinics and affiliated hospitals. Graduates are commissioned as officers with medical doctor credentials. The institution also provides advanced training for mid-career military medical doctors and trains graduate students on the Ph.D. level.

Structure[]

The academy has the following faculties:

  • Faculty of Management
  • Faculty of Training of Doctors (for the Strategic Missile Forces and Russian Ground Forces)
  • Faculty of Physician Training (for Russian Aerospace Forces)
  • Faculty of Physician Training (for the Russian Navy)
  • Faculty of the Training of Foreign Doctors
  • Faculty of Training of Professional Doctors
  • Faculty of Training for Civilian Specialists
  • Faculty of Secondary Vocational Education
The shoulder patch of the academy.

The educational bases of the branch are:

  • Educational and laboratory building
  • Main Military Clinical Hospital named after N. N. Burdenko
  • Branch of the hospital
  • 3rd Central Exhibition Hall
    • Branch No. 1
    • Branch No. 2
    • Branch No. 6
  • 2nd Central Military Hospital named after P. Mandryka
  • Treatment and Rehabilitation Clinical Center
  • 9th Diagnostic and Treatment Center
  • Moscow Regional Ambulance Station

Since 1 September 2015, it has been working as a branch of the Institute for the Advancement of Doctors of the Ministry of Defense. 63 departments (28 military, 35 civilian), of which 31 are clinical, 17 are surgical, and 14 are therapeutic.

Support units[]

There are three support units

  • Base – The academy’s clinical base has a staff capacity of 2,616 beds and is represented by 16 surgical clinics (including 7 general and 9 specialized clinics).
  • Editorial office – Since November 4, 1958, the Academy has been publishing the large-circulation newspaper Military Doctor, since 1999 the quarterly journal Vestnik of the Russian Military Medical Academy, and since 2016, Izvestia of the Russian Military Medical Academy.
  • Military Band – The band of the Military Medical Academy is the official marching band of the academy. The band took part in many celebrations held by the administrations of the city of St. Petersburg and the Leningrad Oblast. In the Soviet era, the band won multiple prizes during the All-Union Competition. It is an annual participant in the Victory Day Parade on 9 May, a parade in honor of the lifting of the Siege of Leningrad, as well as the celebrations of the Day of the City, Paratroopers' Day and Alexander Nevsky Day. Musicians of the band have notably participated in the filming of historical films and military-historical reconstructions.[6] In 2019, the band, led by conductor Lieutenant Cololonel Mikhail Nikolaev, participated in the Spasskaya Tower Military Music Festival and Tattoo on Red Square.[7]

In 2016, 11 territorial retraining and advanced training courses for paramedical personnel were opened in Vladivostok, Chita, Novosibirsk, Yekaterinburg, Samara, Rostov-on-Don, Sevastopol, Kaliningrad, Severomorsk, Podolsk and Moscow.[8]

Awards[]

Notable alumni[]

See also: Category:S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy alumni

See also[]

References[]

  1. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2015-10-24. Retrieved 2015-05-08.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  2. ^ "Энциклопедия Санкт-Петербурга". www.encspb.ru. Retrieved 21 November 2017.
  3. ^ "Бронзовый рельеф, украденный с памятника Якову Виллие, будет возвращен городу (Санкт-Петербург) - ИА REGNUM". Retrieved 21 November 2017.
  4. ^ "Приветственное слово начальника Военно-медицинской академии имени С.М. Кирова заслуженного врача Российской Федерации, доктора медицинских наук, профессора,генерал-майор медицинской службы Андрея Николаевича Бельских абитуриентам : Министерство обороны Российской Федерации". ens.mil.ru. Retrieved 21 November 2017.
  5. ^ "Сергей Шойгу приостановил переезд Военно-медицинской академии". 14 November 2012. Retrieved 21 November 2017.
  6. ^ "Об оркестре — Военный оркестр Военно-медицинской академии им. С. М. Кирова".
  7. ^ "Оркестр Военно-медицинской академии лучший в Вооруженных силах Российской Федерации". 4 September 2019.
  8. ^ "11 региональных курсов подготовки среднего медперсонала для Российской Армии открылось в 2016 году". Министерство обороны Российской Федерации. Retrieved 2020-03-19.
  9. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f Учебная и научная база Военно-медицинской академии: сборник. СПб: ЭЛБИ-СПб. под ред. А.Б. Белевитина. 2008. p. 41. ISBN 978-5-93979-214-1.

External links[]

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