Salcatonin

Salcatonin is the type of calcitonin hormone found in salmon.^[1]

As in humans, salmon calcitonin is a peptide hormone secreted by the parafollicular cells of the thyroid gland in response to hypercalcemia, and lowers blood calcium and phosphate by promoting renal excretion.

Therapeutic usage[]

Synthetic salmon calcitonin may be used therapeutically in humans, as it is twenty times more active than human calcitonin and has a longer half-life. It is used as therapy for Paget's disease and severe hypercalcemia. It is also used as a therapy against osteoporosis (working as an inhibitor of osteoclastic resorption), having an effectiveness of 40-50 times that of the human analogue.^[1]

Pharmaceutical salmon calcitonin formulations[]

Calcitonin, as salmon calcitonin (sCT), is available in the pharmaceutical market as an injectable preparation for intravenous, intramuscular or subcutaneous application. Noninvasive sCT preparation as a nasal spray is commercially produced and received US FDA approval under the proprietary name Miacalcin® in 1975 for the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis. The bioavailability of Miacalcin® nasal spray relative to the injectable form is between 3% and 5%.^[2] Currently, a number of sCT oral preparations are under clinical trials and at least one of them has reached Phase III of clinical approval.^[3]

References[]

^ ^a ^b Plosker, GL; McTavish, D (1996). "Intranasal salcatonin (salmon calcitonin). A review of its pharmacological properties and role in the management of postmenopausal osteoporosis". Drugs & Aging. 8 (5): 378–400. doi:10.2165/00002512-199608050-00006. PMID 8935399.
^ Chesnut, CH; Azria, M; Silverman, S; Engelhardt, M; Olson, M; Mindeholm, L (2008). "Salmon calcitonin: a review of current and future therapeutic indications". Osteoporos Int. 19 (4): 479-491. doi:10.1007/s00198-007-0490-1.
^ das Neves, José; Sarmento, Bruno (2014). Mucosal Delivery of Biopharmaceuticals. Boston, MA: Springer US. p. 407- 422. ISBN 978-1-4614-9524-6.

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[journal-1] Plosker, GL; McTavish, D (1996). "Intranasal salcatonin (salmon calcitonin). A review of its pharmacological properties and role in the management of postmenopausal osteoporosis". Drugs & Aging. 8 (5): 378–400. doi:10.2165/00002512-199608050-00006. PMID 8935399.

[Salmon_calcitonin-2] Chesnut, CH; Azria, M; Silverman, S; Engelhardt, M; Olson, M; Mindeholm, L (2008). "Salmon calcitonin: a review of current and future therapeutic indications". Osteoporos Int. 19 (4): 479-491. doi:10.1007/s00198-007-0490-1.

[Eligen®_Technology_for_Oral_Delivery_of_Proteins_and_Peptides-3] s Neves, José; Sarmento, Bruno (2014). Mucosal Delivery of Biopharmaceuticals. Boston, MA: Springer US. p. 407- 422. ISBN 978-1-4614-9524-6.

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