Umm Khayr

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Umm Khayr
أُمّ خَيْر
Umm Khayr.png
Umm Khayr in Islamic calligraphy
Born
Salma bint Sakhar
Spouse(s)Abu Quhafa
Children3 (including Abu Bakr)
Parent(s)
  • Sakhar ibn Amir (father)
Names
Salma bint Sakhar ibn Amir ibn Amr ibn Ka'b
(Arabic: سَلْمَىٰ أُمّ ٱلْخَيْر بِنْت صَخَر ٱبْن عَامِر ٱبْن عَمْروْ ٱبْن كَعْب)

Salma bint Sakhar (Arabic: سَلْمَىٰ بِنْت صَخَر, Salmā binat Ṣakhar), better known as Umm Khayr (Arabic: أُمّ خَيْر; Umm Khayr) was the wife of Abu Quhafa and the mother of Abu Bakr.

She was the daughter of Sakhar ibn Amir, who was the brother of Abu Quhafa. Later on, Umm Khayr married Abu Quhafa and the couple had three sons. Their two early sons died infancy whereas their youngest son Abu Bakr survived. Umm Khayr was an early convert to Islam, becoming one of the earliest female Muslims. She died during or after her son Abu Bakr's caliphate (r. 632–634).

Family[]

Salma was the daughter of Sakhar ibn Amir ibn Amr (Arabic: صَخَر ٱبْن عَامِر ٱبْن عَمْروْ), from the Banu Taym clan of the Quraysh, and the brother of her uncle Uthman ibn Amir, better known as Abu Quhafa. Her kunya was Umm Al-Khayr ("Mother of Goodness").[1]

Umm Khayr married her uncle Abu Quhafa and they had three known sons, two of whom didn't surive infancy. Their sons were given the titles of Atiq, Mutaq and Utaiq. When Abu Bakr was born in 573,[1] she took him to the Kaaba and prayed to the gods: “If this one is granted immunity from death, then bestow him upon me!” Abu Bakr was therefore known as Atiq (" the exempted"), while his subsequent surviving brothers were given the related names Mu'taq and Utaiq.[2]

Conversion to Islam[]

Salma was an early convert to Islam. She was among those who were "brought to the house of Arqam"[3] to meet Muhammad, i.e., after 614 but before the Hijra.[4]

Death[]

Ibn Hajar reports that Umm Khayr died during the Caliphate of her son Abu Bakr between 632 and 634.[5] However, Ahmad Farghar says that Umm Khayr died during the caliphate of Omar.[6]

Legacy[]

Sunnis honour her as Umm al-Khair (Arabic: أُمّ ٱلْخَيْر), meaning "Mother of Goodness", referring to Abu Bakr, whom Sunni Muslims honour as one of The Ten Promised Paradise among Muhammad's early companions, the Sahaba.

Family tree[]

Asma bint Adiy al-BariqiyyahMurrah ibn Ka'bHind bint Surayr ibn Tha'labah
Yaqazah ibn MurrahTaym ibn MurrahKilab ibn Murrah
Sa'd ibn Taym
Ka'b ibn Sa'd
'Amr ibn Ka'b
'Amir ibn 'AmrSakhar ibn 'Amr
Hind bint Nuqayd'Uthman Abu Quhafa ibn 'AmirSalma Umm al-Khair bint Sakhar
Umm Farwa
QuraybaAbu BakrMuataqMu'aytaq[7]Quhafa
Umm Amir

See also[]

  • Sahāba

References[]

  1. ^ a b Jalal ad-Din al-Suyuti (1881). Tarikh al-Khulafa(The History of the Caliphs). Calcutta: The Asiatic Society. p. 29.
  2. ^ Jalal ad-Din al-Suyuti (1881). Tarikh al-Khulafa(The History of the Caliphs). Calcutta: The Asiatic Society. p. 27.
  3. ^ Ibn Hajar. Al-Isaba, vol. 8.
  4. ^ Muhammad ibn Ishaq (1955). Sirat Rasul Allah (The Life of Muhammad). Oxford University Press. p. 117.
  5. ^ Ibn Hajar. Al-Isaba, vol. 4.
  6. ^ Ahmad Farghal (2017). Kitab al-Sulala al-Bakria As-Siddiqia. Sjjada Bakria.
  7. ^ Tarikh ar-Rusul wa al-Muluk 3/ 425

Bibliography[]

  • Suyuti, Jalal al-Din (1881). Tarikh al-Khulafa [The History of the Caliphs]. Jarrett, H. S. (translator) (ed.). The Asiatic Society.
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