Samoyeds

Geographical distribution of Samoyedic-speaking peoples in the 17th and 20th centuries

The Samoyedic people (also Samodeic people)^[1] are a group of closely related peoples who speak Samoyedic languages, which are part of the Uralic family. They are a linguistic, ethnic, and cultural grouping. The name derives from the obsolete term Samoyed used in Russia for some indigenous people of Siberia.^[2]^[3]

Peoples[]

Contemporary[]

People	Group	Language	Numbers^[4]	Most important territory	Other traditional territories
Nenets	Northern Samoyeds	Nenets	45,000	Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug Nenets Autonomous Okrug Taymyrsky Dolgano-Nenetsky District	Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug
Enets	Northern Samoyeds	Enets	200–300	Krasnoyarsk Krai
Nganasans	Northern Samoyeds	Nganasan	900–1000	Krasnoyarsk Krai
Selkups	Southern Samoyeds	Selkup	3,700	Tomsk Oblast Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug	Krasnoyarsk Krai

Extinct[]

Yurats, who spoke Yurats (Northern Samoyeds)^[5]
Mators or Motors, who spoke Mator (Southern Samoyeds)^[5]
Kamasins, who spoke Kamassian (Southern Samoyeds) (in the last census, two people identified still as Kamasin under the subgroup "other nationalities".)^[6]

The largest of the Samoyedic peoples are the Nenets, who mainly live in two autonomous districts of Russia: Yamalo-Nenetsia and Nenetsia. Some of the Nenets and most of the Enets and Nganasans used to live in the Taymyria autonomous district (formerly known as Dolgano-Nenetsia), but today this area is a territory with special status within Krasnoyarsk Krai. Most of the Selkups live in Yamalo-Nenetsia, but there is also a significant population in Tomsk Oblast.

Gallery[]

A group of Samoyeds around a campfire (1914)
Samoyed winterdress (before 1906)
Nenets child
Nenets family
A reindeer herd in Kolguyev Island in 1895.

References and notes[]

^ Some ethnologists use the term 'Samodeic people' instead 'Samoyedic', see Balzer, Marjorie (1999). The Tenacity of Ethnicity. Princeton University Press. p. 241. ISBN 978-0-691-00673-4.
^ [T]he term Samoyedic is sometimes considered derogatory in Balzer, Marjorie (1999). The Tenacity of Ethnicity. Princeton University Press. p. 241. ISBN 978-0-691-00673-4. Samoyedic derogatory.
^ "Samoyeds" had no derogatory meaning and represents a modification of the expression same-edne in Arctic Institute of North America (1961). Anthropology of the North: Translations from Russian Sources. University of Toronto Press. p. 219.
^ Demoskop Weekly No 543-544
^ Jump up to: ^a ^b Unesco Red Book on Endangered Languages
^ https://rosstat.gov.ru/free_doc/new_site/perepis2010/croc/Documents/Vol4/pub-04-02.pdf

External links[]

Media related to Samoyedic peoples at Wikimedia Commons

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[SJI-1] Some ethnologists use the term 'Samodeic people' instead 'Samoyedic', see Balzer, Marjorie (1999). The Tenacity of Ethnicity. Princeton University Press. p. 241. ISBN 978-0-691-00673-4.

[SJ-2] [T]he term Samoyedic is sometimes considered derogatory in Balzer, Marjorie (1999). The Tenacity of Ethnicity. Princeton University Press. p. 241. ISBN 978-0-691-00673-4. Samoyedic derogatory.

[3] "Samoyeds" had no derogatory meaning and represents a modification of the expression same-edne in Arctic Institute of North America (1961). Anthropology of the North: Translations from Russian Sources. University of Toronto Press. p. 219.

[4] Demoskop Weekly No 543-544

[UNESCORedBook-5] Jump up to: ^a ^b Unesco Red Book on Endangered Languages

[6] ttps://rosstat.gov.ru/free_doc/new_site/perepis2010/croc/Documents/Vol4/pub-04-02.pdf

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