Sepia (cephalopod)

Sepia; Temporal range: Miocene – Recent PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Mollusca
Class:	Cephalopoda
Order:	Sepiida
Family:	Sepiidae
Genus:	Sepia; Linnaeus, 1758
Type species
	Sepia rugosa; Bowdich, 1822
Subgenera
	Acanthosepion Rochebrune, 1884; Anomalosepia Khromov, 1987; Doratosepion Rochebrune, 1884; Hemisepius Steenstrup, 1875; Rhombosepion Rochebrune, 1884; Sepia Linnaeus, 1758

Sepia apama

Sepia elegans

Sepia latimanus

Sepia officinalis

Sepia pharaonis

Sepia prashadi

Sepia sp.

Sepia is a genus of cuttlefish in the family Sepiidae encompassing some of the best known and most common species. The cuttlebone is relatively ellipsoid in shape. The name of the genus is the Latinized form of the Ancient Greek σηπία, sēpía, cuttlefish.

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Parts of a sepia

Classification[]

Genus Sepia
- Subgenus undetermined
  - ? Sepia bartletti
  - ? Sepia baxteri *
  - ? *
  - ? , ovalbone cuttlefish
  - Sepia filibrachia
  - Sepia mira
  - Sepia plana
  - Sepia senta
  - Sepia subplana
  - ? , Whitley's cuttlefish
- Subgenus Acanthosepion
  - , needle cuttlefish
  - , shortclub cutttlefish
  - , golden cuttlefish
  - Sepia lycidas, kisslip cuttlefish
  - Sepia prashadi, hooded cuttlefish
  - Sepia orbignyana, pink cuttlefish
  - , curvespine cuttlefish
  - , broadback cuttlefish
  - , Smith's cuttlefish
  - Sepia stellifera
  - Sepia thurstoni
  - ^[3]
  - Sepia zanzibarica
- Subgenus Anomalosepia
  - Sepia australis, southern cuttlefish
  - , Oman cuttlefish
  - , grooved cuttlefish
- Subgenus Doratosepion
  - Sepia adami
  - , Andrea cuttlefish
  - Sepia appelloefi
  - , Arabian cuttlefish
  - Sepia aureomaculata
  - Sepia bathyalis
  - Sepia bidhaia
  - Sepia braggi, slender cuttlefish
  - Sepia burnupi
  - Sepia carinata
  - Sepia confusa
  - Sepia cottoni
  - Sepia elongata
  - Sepia erostrata
  - Sepia foliopeza
  - Sepia incerta
  - Sepia ivanovi
  - Sepia joubini
  - Sepia kiensis *
  - , Kobi cuttlefish
  - Sepia koilados
  - Sepia limata
  - , longarm cuttlefish
  - , spider cuttlefish
  - Sepia mascarensis
  - Sepia mirabilis
  - , frog cuttlefish
  - Sepia pardex
  - Sepia peterseni
  - Sepia rhoda
  - Sepia saya
  - Sepia sewelli
  - Sepia sokotriensis
  - Sepia subtenuipes
  - Sepia tala
  - Sepia tanybracheia
  - Sepia tenuipes
  - Sepia tokioensis
  - Sepia trygonina, trident cuttlefish
  - Sepia vercoi
- Subgenus Hemisepius
  - Sepia dubia
  - Sepia faurei
  - Sepia pulchra
  - Sepia robsoni
  - Sepia typica
- Subgenus Rhombosepion
  - Sepia acuminata
  - Sepia cultrata, knifebone cuttlefish
  - Sepia elegans, elegant cuttlefish
  - Sepia hedleyi, Hedley's cuttlefish
  - Sepia hieronis
  - , Madokai's cuttlefish
  - ?
  - Sepia reesi
- Subgenus Sepia
  - Sepia angulata *
  - Sepia apama, Australian giant cuttlefish
  - Sepia bandensis, stumpy-spined cuttlefish
  - Sepia bertheloti, African cuttlefish
  - Sepia chirotrema
  - Sepia dollfusi
  - , Guinean cuttlefish
  - Sepia gibba
  - Sepia hierredda, giant African cuttlefish
  - Sepia insignis
  - Sepia irvingi
  - Sepia latimanus, broadclub cuttlefish
  - Sepia mestus, reaper cuttlefish
  - Sepia novaehollandiae, New Holland cuttlefish
  - Sepia officinalis, common cuttlefish
  - Sepia papillata
  - , Papuan cuttlefish
  - Sepia pharaonis, pharaoh cuttlefish
  - , mourning cuttlefish
  - Sepia plathyconchalis
  - , rosecone cuttlefish
  - Sepia simoniana
  - Sepia tuberculata
  - Sepia vermiculata

The species listed above with an asterisk (*) are questionable and need further study to determine if they are a valid species or a synonym. The question mark (?) indicates questionable placement within the genus.

Extinct species[]

Fossil cuttlebone of the Pliocene species

Fossil cuttlebone of

A number of extinct species have been described from the Neogene of Europe, though many of these are likely synonyms.^[4] They include:^[4]

Foresti, 1890
Bellardi, 1872
Gastaldi, 1868
Bellardi, 1872
Bellardi, 1872
Szörenyi, 1933
Lörenthey, 1898
Bellardi, 1872
Gastaldi, 1868
Bellardi, 1872
Bellardi, 1872
Bellardi, 1872
Schloenbach, 1869

References[]

^ Whiteaves, J.F. 1897. On some remains of a Sepia-like cuttle-fish from the Cretaceous rocks of the South Saskatchewan. The Canadian Record of Science 7: 459–462.
^ Hewitt, R.; Pedley, H. M. (1978). "The preservation of the shells of Sepia in the middle Miocene of Malta". Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. 89 (3): 227–237. doi:10.1016/S0016-7878(78)80013-3.
^ Neethiselvan, N. & V.K. Venkataramani 2010. "A New Species of Cuttlefish, Sepia vecchioni (Cephalopoda, Sepiidae) from Colachal Coast, South India".^{[permanent dead link]} Journal of American Science 6(4): 12–21.
^ ^a ^b (in German) Hiden, H.R. 1995. "Sepia vindobonensis (Cephalopoda, Coleoida) aus dem Mittel-Miozän von Retznei (Steiermark, Österreich)" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-12-22. Retrieved 2012-11-15. Mitteilungen der Abteilung für Geologie und Paläontologie am Landesmuseum Joanneum 52/53: 111–124.

External links[]

[1] Whiteaves, J.F. 1897. On some remains of a Sepia-like cuttle-fish from the Cretaceous rocks of the South Saskatchewan. The Canadian Record of Science 7: 459–462.

[2] Hewitt, R.; Pedley, H. M. (1978). "The preservation of the shells of Sepia in the middle Miocene of Malta". Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. 89 (3): 227–237. doi:10.1016/S0016-7878(78)80013-3.

[3] Neethiselvan, N. & V.K. Venkataramani 2010. "A New Species of Cuttlefish, Sepia vecchioni (Cephalopoda, Sepiidae) from Colachal Coast, South India".^{[permanent dead link]} Journal of American Science 6(4): 12–21.

[EX-4] (in German) Hiden, H.R. 1995. "Sepia vindobonensis (Cephalopoda, Coleoida) aus dem Mittel-Miozän von Retznei (Steiermark, Österreich)" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-12-22. Retrieved 2012-11-15. Mitteilungen der Abteilung für Geologie und Paläontologie am Landesmuseum Joanneum 52/53: 111–124.

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