Serenade for Violin, Viola and Cello (Beethoven)
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The Serenade in D major for Violin, Viola and Cello, Op. 8, is a string trio composition by Ludwig van Beethoven. It was written from 1796–97, and published in 1797 by Artaria in Vienna.
Structure[]
The composition is in six movements
- Marcia: Allegro (4/4) – Adagio (3/4)
- Menuetto: Allegretto (3/4)
- Adagio - Scherzo: Allegro molto - Adagio - Allegro molto - Adagio, in D minor (2/4)
- Allegretto alla polacca, in F major (3/4)
- Andante quasi allegretto (2/4) - Variation 1 - Variation 2 - Variation 3 - Variation 4 (2/4) - Allegro (6/8) - Tempo I (2/4)
- Marcia: Allegro (4/4)
A typical performance takes around 26–30 minutes.
Transcriptions[]
In 1803, Franz Xaver Heinz Klein arranged this piece for viola and piano. It was published as the Notturno for Viola and Piano in D major, Op. 42, with Beethoven incorrectly credited as its author (although he did make corrections to Franz' work).[1]
In his book Classic Music: Expression, Form, and Style, Leonard G. Ratner cites the fourth movement as a representative example of the polonaise.[2]
References[]
- Notes
- ^ Thayer 1921, p. 208
- ^ Ratner 1980, pp. 12–13
- Sources
- Anderson, Keith (2006). Beethoven: String Trios (Complete), Vol. 1 (CD). Naxos Records. 8.557895.
- Berger, Melvin (2001). Guide to Chamber Music. Dover.
- Daw, Stephen (1998). Beethoven: The Complete String Trios (PDF) (CD). Hyperion Records. CDD22069.
- Ratner, Leonard G (1980). Classic Music: Expression, Form, and Style. Schirmer Books.
- Silvertrust, Raymond (2016). The Silvertrust Guide to String Trios (PDF). Edition Silvertrust.
- Thayer, Alexander Wheelock (1921). The Life of Ludwig van Beethoven. 1. New York: The Beethoven Association.
- Watson, Angus (2012). Beethoven's Chamber Music in Context. Woodbridge: Boydell Press. ISBN 978-1-84383-716-9.
External links[]
Categories:
- String trios by Ludwig van Beethoven
- Serenades
- 1797 compositions
- Compositions in D major
- Chamber music composition stubs