Shifra Kholodenko

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Shifra Kholodenko (Russian: Шифра Наумовна Холоденко, Yiddish: שפרה כאלאדענקא) (1909-1974) was a Russian- and Yiddish-language poet, writer and translator from the Soviet Union.

Biography[]

She was born in 1909 as Shifra Hofshteyn (Yiddish: שפרה האָפשטיין, Russian: Шифра Наумовна Гофштейн) in Bartkova Rudniya, Volhynian Governorate, Russian Empire (today Bartukha, Zhytomyr Oblast, Ukraine; Ukrainian: Бартуха).[1][2][3] Her father, Nechemya Menakhem Hofshteyn, was in the timber trade.[3][4] Her mother, Alte Chasya (née Kholodenko) was descended from A. M. Kholodenko, a famous Klezmer violin virtuoso, and it was that name that she would later use as her pen name.[5][4] Her brother, David Hofstein, also became a well-known Yiddish poet and literary figure later in life.[5][6] Her primary education was received in Yasnohorod, Volhynian Governate.[4] After that she received a degree in Mathematics from Moscow State University.

Her first poems were published in 1922 in the Yiddish-language literary magazine Shtrom, which was edited by her brother David.[4] Among the topics she developed in her poetry were themes about the natural world and biology, including Menstruation and its link to the cycles of nature.[7]

For a time she was also a Yiddish-language teacher with , a Yiddish-language pedagogue in Kyiv.[8]

In 1940 she became a member of the Union of Soviet Writers. During the Nazi invasion of the Soviet Union in 1941, her mother, father and brothers (excepting David) were killed at Babi Yar.[9][10][11][12][13]

Vera Inber translated her poems into Russian.[14]

In 1952 her brother David was killed by Soviet authorities in the Night of the Murdered Poets. Of course, his death was very difficult on her and greatly affected her work.[3] She continued to live in Moscow in the 1960s.[2]

She died in Moscow in July 1974.[1]

Selected works[]

  • Lebn (1937)[3]
  • Lider (poems, 1940)[3][1]
  • Gants fri (short stories, 1940)[3]
  • Undzer kraft (1941)[3][1]
  • Blizkiy chelovek: Stikhi (1960)[15]
  • Dos vort (also known as Slovo) (1974)[16][1]

References[]

  1. ^ a b c d e Kagan, Berl (1986). Leḳsiḳon fun Yidish-shraybers : miṭ hesofes̀ un tiḳunim tsum Leḳsiḳon fun der nayer Yidisher liṭeraṭur, un 5,800 pseṿdonimen (in Yiddish). New York: R. Ilman-Kohen. pp. 313–4.
  2. ^ a b Vergelis, Arn (1965). Horizonṭn fun der haynṭtsayṭiḳer Soṿeṭisher Yidisher dikhṭung (in Yiddish). Moscow: Soṿeṭsḳi pisaṭel. p. 531.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g Fogel, Joshua (2017-01-25). "SHIFRE KHOLODENKO". Yiddish Leksikon. Retrieved 28 May 2021.
  4. ^ a b c d Korman, Ezra (1928). Yidishe dikhṭerins anṭologye (in Yiddish). Chicago: L.M.Shtayn. p. 346.
  5. ^ a b Estraikh, Gennady. "Hofshteyn, Dovid". YIVO encyclopedia. Retrieved 28 May 2021.
  6. ^ Shemen, N. (1977). Ḳdushe in Yidishn familye-lebn loyṭ Tanakh, Talmud, Yaades̀ un liṭerarishe shṭudyes (in Yiddish). Tel Aviv: Farlag Y.L. Perets. pp. 314–5.
  7. ^ Burstin, Hinde Ena (2020). "On the Other Side: Dina Lipkis, Yiddish Poet of 1920s Kyiv". Cossacks in Jamaica, Ukraine at the Antipodes. Academic Studies Press. pp. 454–5. doi:10.1515/9781644693025-030. ISBN 978-1-64469-302-5.
  8. ^ Lipshitz, Manya (1977). Bleṭlekh fun a shṭurmisher tsayṭ (in Yiddish). Downsview, ON: Sam Lipshitz, Diversified Publicity Bureau. p. 122.
  9. ^ "GRIGORI GOFSHTEIN KHOLODENKO". The Central Database of Shoah Victims' Names. Yad Vashem. Retrieved 28 May 2021.
  10. ^ "ALTA GOFSHTEYN GOPSHTEIN". The Central Database of Shoah Victims' Names. Yad Vashem. Retrieved 28 May 2021.
  11. ^ "KIVA GOFSHTEYN GOPSHTEIN". The Central Database of Shoah Victims' Names. Yad Vashem. Retrieved 28 May 2021.
  12. ^ "ГОФШТЕЙН (ГОВШТЕЙН) / ХОЛОДЕНКО АЛТА КИВОВНА". babynyar.org. Retrieved 28 May 2021.
  13. ^ "ГОФШТЕЙН (ГОВШТЕЙН) КИВА (АКИВА) НАУМОВИЧ (НЕХЕМИЕВИЧ)". Babyn Yar. Retrieved 28 May 2021.
  14. ^ "Инбер Вера". Электронная еврейская энциклопедия ОРТ (in Russian). Retrieved 28 May 2021.
  15. ^ Близкий человек. Стихи. Авторизованный перевод с еврейского. WorldCat (in Russian). 1960. OCLC 828977831. Retrieved 28 May 2021.
  16. ^ Slovo. WorldCat (in Hebrew). 1974. OCLC 220863955. Retrieved 28 May 2021.

External links[]

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