Siege of Naples (1528)

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Siege of Naples
Part of the War of the League of Cognac
Braun Napoli UBHD.jpg
1572 map of Naples
DateApril 1528 - August 1528
Location
Result Spanish victory
Belligerents
Bannière de France style 1500.svg Kingdom of France
Bandera Navarra.svg Kingdom of Navarre
Emblem of the Papacy SE.svg Papal States
Flag of Most Serene Republic of Venice.svg Republic of Venice
Coa fam ITA saluzzo.jpg Marquisate of Saluzzo
Flag of Genoa.svg Republic of Genoa (until 4 July)
Banner of the Holy Roman Emperor with haloes (1400-1806).svg Holy Roman Empire
Flag of Cross of Burgundy.svg Spanish Empire
Flag of Genoa.svg Republic of Genoa (after 4 July)
Commanders and leaders
Blason de Foix-Lautrec.svg Odet de Foix
Blason France moderne.svg Louis of Lorraine
Armoiries Navarre-Albret.svg Charles of Navarre
Emblem of the Papacy SE.svg Orazio di Giampaolo Baglioni
Blason France moderne.svg Pietro Navarro
Coa fam ITA saluzzo.jpg Michele Antonio di Saluzzo
Flag of Genoa.svg Filippino Doria (before 4 July)
Flag of Cross of Burgundy.svg Hugo of Moncada
Blason famille fr Chalon Orange.svg Philibert de Chalon
Coat of arms of the House of Gonzaga-Guastalla.svg Ferrante I Gonzaga
Blason fam es-it Àvalos d'Aquino.svg Alfonso III d'Avalos
Flag of Genoa.svg Filippino Doria (after 4 July)
Strength
3000 in the Black Bands[1]

The Siege of Naples was a siege of the Italian city of Naples in 1528 during the War of the League of Cognac.

Course[]

In April 1528 the French commander Odet de Foix laid siege to the city while Andrea Doria's nephew Filippino organised a naval blockade. The site of the French camp is now occupied by the Cemetery of the 366 Fossae. The hill on which it stood is now known as Poggioreale, but was once called monte di Leutrecco or Lo Trecco,[2][3] using de Foix's Italian nickname. It was also later mangled into 'Trivice', which was then incorrectly transliterated into Italian as 'Tredici'.

Towards the end of April [4] Naples' governor Hugo of Moncada was killed by two arquebusiers and thrown into the sea during an unsuccessful attempt to break through the naval blockade and reach the Gulf of Salerno.[1] During the battle Alfonso III d'Avalos was captured - he played a decisive part in the later negotiations for Doria's defection.[4] Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor appointed Philibert of Chalon Moncada's replacement as governor.

On 22 May Orazio di Giampaolo Baglioni and his Black Bands were ambushed by a squad of Landsknechts near the river Sebeto, with Baglioni killed by a pike thrust.[1] On 4 July Doria lifted the naval blockade after Genoa switched allegiance to the Holy Roman Empire in exchange for the liberation and subjugation of Savoy.[5] In summer 1528, de Foix destroyed the Bolla Aqueduct to try to starve out Naples' garrison. However, this turned the surrounding areas into marshes which combined with the summer heat to cause a fatal epidemic among the French forces.[6] Many died, including de Foix himself on 15 August, passing command of the French force to Louis, Count of Vaudémont, who also died of illness a few days later,[7] passing the command this time to marquis Michele Antonio di Saluzzo.

The French gave up the siege at the end of August and tried to withdraw to Aversa, but were intercepted by an Imperial force, which captured Charles of Navarre and the famous military engineer Pietro Navarro.[5] Navarro was imprisoned in Castel Nuovo, where he was strangled or hanged later that month.[8]

References[]

  1. ^ a b c (in Italian) Francesco Guicciardini, Storia d'Italia, libro XIX, cap. 1
  2. ^ Giordano, 2006, p. 43.
  3. ^ Francesca Leone, Notitie del bello, dell’antico e del curioso della città di Napoli (PDF)
  4. ^ a b Antonio Grumello, Cronaca, Lib.10, cap.15
  5. ^ a b (in Italian) Francesco Guicciardini, Storia d'Italia , libro XIX, cap. 4
  6. ^ "La peste del 1528". www.solofrastorica.it. Retrieved 26 February 2018.
  7. ^ (in Italian) Antonio Grumello, Cronaca, Lib.10, cap.17
  8. ^ Antonio Grumello (1856). Cronaca di Antonio Grumello, pavese: dal MCCCCLXVII al MDXXIX sul testo a penna esistente nella ... (in Italian). New York Public Library. F. Colombo.

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