Silvio Pellico

Silvio Pellico.

Silvio Pellico (Italian: [ˈsilvjo ˈpɛlliko]; 24 June 1789 – 31 January 1854) was an Italian writer, poet, dramatist and patriot active in the Italian unification.

Biography[]

Silvio Pellico was born in Saluzzo (Piedmont). He spent the earlier portion of his life at Pinerolo and Turin, under the tuition of a priest named Manavella. At the age of ten he composed a tragedy inspired by a translation of the Ossianic poems. On the marriage of his twin sister Rosina with a maternal cousin at Lyon, he went to reside in that city, devoting himself during four years to the study of French literature. He returned in 1810 to Milan, where he became professor of French in the Collegio degli Orfani Militari, now the Scuola Militare Teulié.^[1]

His tragedy Francesca da Rimini was brought out with success by Carlotta Marchionni at Milan in 1818. Its publication was followed by that of the tragedy , but the representation of the latter was forbidden.^[1]

Pellico had in the meantime continued his work as tutor, first to the unfortunate son of , and then to the two sons of Count  [it]. He threw himself heartily into an attempt to weaken the hold of the Austrian despotism by indirect educational means.^[1]

The Conciliatore, a review, appeared in 1818. Of the powerful literary executives that gathered about Counts Porro and Confalonieri, Pellico was the able secretary on whom most of the responsibility for the review, the organ of the association, fell. However, the paper, under the censorship of the Austrian officials, ran for a year only, and the society itself was broken up by the government. In October 1820, Pellico was arrested on the charge of carbonarism and conveyed to the . After his removal to the Piombi at Venice in February 1821, he composed several Cantiche and the tragedies and .

The Arrest of Silvio Pellico and Piero Maroncelli, Saluzzo, civic museum.

The sentence of death pronounced on him in February 1822 was finally commuted to fifteen years of jail in harsh condition, and in the following April he was placed in the Spielberg, at Brünn (today's Brno), where he was transferred via Udine and Ljubljana. His chief work during this part of his imprisonment was the tragedy , for the preservation of which he was compelled to rely on his memory.^[1]

After his release in 1830, he commenced the publication of his prison compositions, of which the Ester was played at Turin in 1831, but immediately suppressed. In 1832, his Gismonda da Mendrisio, Erodiade and the Leoniero, appeared under the title of Tre nuove tragedie, and in the same year the work which gave him his European fame,  [it], an account of his sufferings in prison. The last gained him the friendship of the Marchesa Juliette Colbert de Barolo, the reformer of the Turin prisons, and in 1834 he accepted from her a yearly pension of 1200 francs. His tragedy had been published in 1833, his most important subsequent publication being the in 1837. ^[1]

On the decease of his parents in 1838, he was received into the , where he remained until his death, assisting the marchesa in her charities, and writing chiefly upon religious themes. Of these works the best known is the , a series of trite maxims which do honor to his piety rather than to his critical judgment. A fragmentary biography of the marchesa by Pellico was published in Italian and English after her death.^[1]

He died in 1854 at Turin. He was buried in the Camposanto, Turin.

The simple narrative and naive egotism of has established his strongest claim to remembrance, winning fame by his misfortunes rather than by his genius.^[1] The late nineteenth century English novelist George Gissing read the work, in Italian, whilst staying in Naples in November 1888.^[2] My prisons contributed to the Italian unification against Austrian occupation.^[3] The pamphlet was translated into virtually every European language during Pellico's lifetime.

In popular culture[]

Silvio Pellico gave his name to a little community (1,500 inhabitants) founded in Argentina by Italian immigrants from Saluzzo.^{[citation needed]}

Main works[]

• Pellico, Silvio (1839). Published by William and Robert Chambers. Edinburgh. (ed.). The imprisonments of Silvio Pellico.
• Pellico, Silvio (1889). Introduction by Epes Sargent. (ed.). My Prisons: Memoirs of Silvio Pellico. Roberts Brothers, Boston. Silvio Pellico.
• Pellico, Silvio (1897). Translated by Rev JF Bingham. (ed.). Francesca da Rimini: A Tragedy. Belknap and Warfield, Hartford. Silvio Pellico.

References[]

Further reading[]

•  This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Pellico, Silvio". Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
• Ford, Jeremiah Denis Mathias (1913). "Silvio Pellico" . In Herbermann, Charles (ed.). Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
• Garofalo, Piero, "Silvio Pellico and Risorgimento." Rivista di Studi Italiani 29.2 (2011): 19–50.
• Gavriel Shapiro, "Nabokov and Pellico: Invitation to a Beheading and My Prisons." Comparative Literature 62#1 (2010): 55–67.

External links[]

See also …
Media at Wikimedia Commons
Works at Project Gutenberg
Works at Dominio Público

• Works by Silvio Pellico at Project Gutenberg
• Works by or about Silvio Pellico at Internet Archive
• Silvio Pellico Poems