Soviet–Japanese Basic Convention

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The Soviet–Japanese Basic Convention (日ソ基本条約, Nisso Kihon Jōyaku) was a treaty normalizing relations between the Empire of Japan and the Soviet Union that was signed on 20 January 1925.^[1] Ratifications were exchanged in Beijing on February 26, 1925. The agreement was registered in League of Nations Treaty Series on May 20, 1925.^[2]

Background[]

Following the defeat of the Russian Empire in the Russo-Japanese War of 1904–1905, co-operative relations between Russia and Japan were gradually restored by four sets of treaties signed between 1907 and 1916. However, the collapse of the Romanov dynasty, followed by the Bolshevik Revolution and the Japanese Siberian Intervention created a strong distrust between Japan and the newly founded Soviet Union.

Signing[]

The treaty was signed by Lev Mikhailovich Karakhan of the Soviet Union and Kenkichi Yoshizawa of Japan on 20 January 1925.

Terms[]

Following a series of negotiations held in Beijing in 1924 and 1925, Japan agreed to extend diplomatic recognition to the Soviet Union and to withdraw its troops from the northern half of Sakhalin island. In return, the Soviet Union agreed to honor the provisions of the Treaty of Portsmouth and to re-examine all other treaties between the former Russian Empire and Japan, including the Fishery Convention of 1907.

Notes[]

^ Slusser, Robert M.; Triska, Jan F. (1959). A Calendar of Soviet Treaties 1917-1957. Stanford: Stanford University Press. p. 49.
^ League of Nations Treaty Series, vol. 34, pp. 32-53.

External links[]

Text of the convention

hide v t Treaties of Japan
Bakumatsu period (1854–1868)	Japan-US Treaty of Peace and Amity (1855) Anglo-Japanese Friendship Treaty (1853) Treaty of Commerce and Navigation between Japan and Russia (1857) [ja] [ja] Treaty of Amity and Commerce (United States – Japan) (1859) [ja] Anglo-Japanese Treaty of Amity and Commerce (1859) Treaty of Amity and Commerce between France and Japan (1857) [ja]
Meiji period (1868–1912)	Sino-Japanese Friendship and Trade Treaty (1871) Treaty of Saint Petersburg (1875) Japan–Korea Treaty of 1876 Japan–Korea Treaty of 1882 Japan–Korea Treaty of 1885 Convention of Tientsin (1885) Anglo-Japanese Treaty of Commerce and Navigation (1894) Japan-China Peace Treaty (1896) [ja] Yamagata–Lobanov Agreement (1896) [ja] Nishi–Rosen Agreement (1898) Boxer Protocol (1901) Anglo-Japanese Alliance (1902) [ja] Japan–Korea Treaty of 1904 Japan–Korea Agreement of August 1904 Japan-Russia Treaty of Peace (1905) Taft–Katsura agreement (1905) Japan–Korea Treaty of 1905 [ja] Franco-Japanese Treaty of 1907 Japan–Korea Treaty of 1907 Gentlemen's Agreement of 1907 Root–Takahira Agreement (1908) [ja] Japan–Korea Treaty of 1910 Anglo-Japanese Treaty of Commerce and Navigation (1911) North Pacific Fur Seal Convention of 1911
World War I–II (1913–1945)	Japan-China Treaty of 1915 Lansing–Ishii Agreement (1917) [ja] Treaty of Versailles (1919) Covenant of the League of Nations (1919) Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye (1919) Treaty of Neuilly-sur-Seine (1919) Svalbard Treaty (1920) Gongota Agreement of 1920 Treaty of Sèvres (1920) Treaty of Trianon (1921) Four-Power Treaty (1921) Nine-Power Treaty (1922) [ja] Washington Naval Treaty (1922) Treaty of Lausanne (1923) Klaipėda Convention (1924) Soviet–Japanese Basic Convention (1925) Kellogg–Briand Pact (1928) London Naval Treaty (1930) [ja] Japan-Manchukuo Protocol (1932) Tanggu Truce (1933) [ja] He–Umezu Agreement (1935) Chin-Doihara Agreement (1935) Anti-Comintern Pact (1936) Tripartite Pact (1940) [ja] Soviet–Japanese Neutrality Pact (1941) [ja] Japanese Instrument of Surrender (1945)
During the Cold War (1945–1989)	Security Treaty between the United States and Japan (1951) Treaty of San Francisco (1951) Sino-Japanese Peace Treaty (1952) Treaty of Peace between Japan and India (1952) Soviet–Japanese Joint Declaration of 1956 Japan–US Treaty of Mutual Cooperation and Security (1960) Tokyo Convention (1963) Japan–South Korea Treaty (1965) Okinawa Reversion Agreement (1971) Japan–China Joint Communiqué (1972) Basic Treaty between Japan and Australia (1976) Sino–Japanese Peace and Friendship Treaty (1978)