Stabat Mater (Pergolesi)
Stabat Mater (P.77)[1] is a musical setting of the Stabat Mater sequence, composed by Giovanni Battista Pergolesi in 1736.[2] Composed in the final weeks of Pergolesi's life,[3] it is scored for soprano and alto soloists, violin I and II, viola and basso continuo (cello and organ).
Background[]
Many pieces which were said to have been composed by Pergolesi have been misattributed; the Stabat Mater is definitely by Pergolesi, as a manuscript in his handwriting has been preserved.[4] The work was composed for a Neapolitan confraternity, the Confraternita dei Cavalieri di San Luigi di Palazzo,[5] which had also commissioned a Stabat Mater from Alessandro Scarlatti.[6] Pergolesi composed it during his final illness from tuberculosis in a Franciscan monastery in Pozzuoli, along with a Salve Regina setting,[2][3] and, as it is said, finished it right before he died.
Reception[]
The Stabat Mater is one of Pergolesi's most celebrated sacred works, achieving great popularity after the composer's death.[7][8] Jean-Jacques Rousseau showed appreciation for the work, praising the opening movement as "the most perfect and touching duet to come from the pen of any composer".[9] Many composers adapted the work, including Giovanni Paisiello, who extended the orchestral accompaniment,[10] and Joseph Eybler, who added a choir to replace some of the duets. Bach's Tilge, Höchster, meine Sünden is a parody cantata based on Pergolesi's composition.
The work was not without its detractors. Padre Martini criticised its light, operatic style in 1774, and believed it was too similar to Pergolesi's comic opera La serva padrona to adequately deliver the pathos of the text.[11]
Structure[]
The work is divided into twelve movements, each named after the incipit of the text. Much of the music is based on Pergolesi's earlier setting of the Dies irae sequence.[4]
- "Stabat Mater Dolorosa", Grave, F minor, common time; duet
- "Cujus animam gementem", Andante amoroso, C minor, 3/8; soprano aria
- "O quam tristis et afflicta", Larghetto, G minor, common time; duet
- "Quae moerebat et dolebat", Allegro, E-flat major, 2/4; alto aria
- "Quis est homo", Largo, C minor, common time; duet
- —"Pro peccatis suae gentis", Allegro, C minor, 6/8
- "Vidit suum dulcem natum", Tempo giusto, F minor, common time; soprano aria
- "Eja mater fons amoris", Andantino, C minor, 3/8; alto aria
- "Fac ut ardeat cor meum", Allegro, G minor, cut common time; duet
- "Sancta mater, istud agas", Tempo giusto, E-flat major, common time; duet
- "Fac ut portem Christi mortem", Largo, G minor, common time; alto aria
- "Inflammatus et accensus", Allegro ma non troppo, B-flat major, common time; duet
- "Quando corpus morietur", Largo assai, F minor, common time; duet
- —"Amen..." Presto assai, F minor, cut common time
Selected Recordings[]
Release Year | Soloists | Conductor | Orchestra | Label | Catalog Number |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1990 | Lucia Valentini-Terrani
Margaret Marshall |
Claudio Abbado | London Symphony Orchestra | Deutsche Grammophon | 415103 |
1993 | June Anderson | Charles Dutoit | Decca | 436209 | |
1994 | Dorothea Röschmann | Les Violons du Roy | Sono Luminus | 90196 | |
1995 | Elysium | 705 | |||
1995 |
|
Michael Halász | Naxos | 8550766 | |
1995 |
|
Capriccio Records | 10517 | ||
1998 | Christa Ludwig | Lorin Maazel | Berlin Radio Symphony Orchestra | Philips | 462054 |
1999 | Barbara Bonney | Christophe Rousset | Les Talens Lyriques | Decca | 466134 |
2000 | Véronique Gens | Gérard Lesne | Seminario Musicale | Virgin Classics | 45291 |
2004 | Pino De Vittorio
|
Le Poème Harmonique | Alpha Productions | 9 | |
2006 | Michael Chance | Helmut Müller-Brühl | Naxos | 8557447 | |
2006 |
|
Flavio Emilio Scogna | Tactus | 711603 | |
2006 | Dorothea Röschmann | Fabio Biondi | Europa Galante | Emi Classics | 63340 |
2008 | Proprius-audiosource | 2040 | |||
2009 | Jochen Kowalski
|
Hartmut Haenchen | Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach Chamber Orchestra | Berlin Classics | 115112 |
2009 | Elisabeth Norberg-Schulz | Roy Goodman | Hanover Band | RCA | 61215 |
2009 | Lucia Valentini-Terrani | Claudio Abbado | Euroarts | 2072378 | |
2009 | Barbara Hendricks
|
Arte Verum | 7 | ||
2009 | Lawrence Zazzo
|
Timothy Brown | Brilliant Classics | 93952 | |
2010 | Anna Prohaska | Academy for Ancient Music Berlin | Harmonie Mundi | 902072 | |
2011 | Anna Netrebko
|
Antonio Pappano | Santa Cecilia Academy Rome Orchestra | Deutsche Grammophon | 001544402 |
2012 | Valer Sabadus | Michael Hofstetter | Oehms | 831 | |
2013 | Philippe Jaroussky | Diego Fasolis | Erato | 19147 | |
2014 |
Alex Potter |
Tudor Records | 7166 | ||
2015 | Evelyn Tubb | Predrag Gosta | New Trinity Baroque | Edition Lilac | 151108 |
2016 | Sara Mingardo
|
Federico Ferri | Concerto | 2097 | |
2017 | Tim Mead | David Bates | Harmonia Mundi | 907589 | |
2019 | Magali Léger
|
Les Passions | Liga | 327912 | |
2020 | Sandrine Piau
|
Christophe Rousset | Les Talens Lyriques | Alpha Productions | 449 |
References[]
- ^ Giovanni Battista Pergolesi, 1710-1736 : a thematic catalogue of the Opera Omnia, with an appendix listing omitted compositions. Marvin E. Paymer (New York : Pendragon Press, 1977).
- ^ Jump up to: a b Sadie, Julie Ann (1998). Companion to Baroque Music. p. 75. ISBN 9780520214149.
- ^ Jump up to: a b Randel, Don M. (1996). The Harvard Biographical Dictionary of Music. p. 681. ISBN 9780674372993.
- ^ Jump up to: a b Andriessen, Louis; Schönberger, E. (2006). The Apollonian Clockwork: On Stravinsky. p. 66. ISBN 9789053568569.
- ^ Van Boer, Bertil H. (2012). Historical Dictionary of Music of the Classical Period. p. 435. ISBN 9780810873865.
- ^ "Giovanni Battista Pergolesi". Retrieved 14 March 2013.
- ^ Will, Richard (2004). "Pergolesi's Stabat Mater and the Politics of Feminine Virtue" (PDF). The Musical Quarterly. 87 (3): 570–614. doi:10.1093/musqtl/gdh021.
- ^ Steinberg, Michael (2006). Choral Masterworks: A Listener's Guide. p. 115. ISBN 9780198029212.
- ^ Brook, Barry S. (1983). Pergolesi: research, publication and performance. The present state of studies on Pergolesi and his times. November 18–19, 1983, Jesi, Italy. ISBN 9780918728791.
- ^ "Giovanni Paisiello". Retrieved 14 March 2013.
- ^ Heighes, Simon. "Giovanni Battista Pergolesi". BBC Music Magazine. Retrieved 15 March 2013.
Further reading[]
- Richard Wagner's revue critique of Pergolesi's Stabat Mater: Wagner, Richard (January 1994). "Pergolesi's Stabat Mater". Pilgrimage to Beethoven and Other Essays. p. 102. ISBN 0803297637.
- An IMSLP-hosted scan of Pergolesi's manuscript, viewed here 15.6MB
External links[]
- Stabat Mater (Pergolesi): Scores at the International Music Score Library Project
- Free scores of Stabat Mater (Pergolesi) in the Choral Public Domain Library (ChoralWiki)
- Pergolesi Stabat Mater Video of a historical performance of the Stabat Mater on original instruments by the ensemble Voices of Music using original baroque instruments.
- Stabat Mater settings
- 1736 compositions
- Compositions by Giovanni Battista Pergolesi