Stavangersk

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Stavangersk
Pronunciationlocal: [staˈvǎŋəʁsk]
RegionStavanger
Language codes
ISO 639-3–
GlottologNone

Stavangersk, Stavanger dialect or Stavanger Norwegian (Norwegian: Stavangersk, Stavanger-dialekt (Bokmål) or Stavangerdialekt (Nynorsk)) is a dialect of Norwegian used in Stavanger.

The pronunciation and origin resembles that of the written Nynorsk, yet the official written language of the Stavanger municipality is Bokmål.

Phonology[]

Consonants[]

  • /n, t, d, l/ are alveolar [n, t, d, l].[1]
  • As in Bergen and Oslo, younger speakers of the Stavanger dialect tend to merge /ç/ with /ʃ/.[2]
  • /r/ is realized as a voiced uvular continuant, either a fricative [ʁ] or an approximant [ʁ̞]. It can be voiceless [χ] before a voiceless consonant or a pause. This means that the dialect does not possess retroflex consonants.[3]

Vowels[]

  • The long close central /ʉː/ and close back /uː/ vowels can be realized as closing diphthongs [əʉ] and [əu].[4]
  • The short counterpart of /ʉː/ is close-mid [ɵ].[4]
  • The short close back vowel is more front than in Oslo, near-back [ʊ] rather than back [ʊ̠].[4]
  • The mid back vowels are somewhat advanced from the fully back position, i.e. near-back, rather than back. The long /oː/ is close-mid [o̟ː], whereas the short /ɔ/ is open-mid [ɔ̟].[5]
  • The long open back vowel is phonetically back [ɑː], but its short counterpart is front [a], identical to the cardinal [a]. It is the most anterior realization of this vowel in Norway.[6]
  • The non-native diphthong ⟨ai⟩ has a front starting point [æi].[7]
Diphthong phonemes of
Stavangersk[8]
Starting point Ending point
Front Central
unrounded rounded rounded
Mid ei øy øʉ

Tonemes[]

Phonetic realization[]

Phonetically, the tonemes of the Stavanger dialect are the same as those of Central Standard Swedish; accent 1 is rising-falling, whereas accent 2 is double falling.[9][10]

References[]

  1. ^ Vanvik (1979), pp. 30–31, 34, 36.
  2. ^ Kristoffersen (2000), p. 23.
  3. ^ Vanvik (1979), p. 38.
  4. ^ a b c Vanvik (1979), p. 18.
  5. ^ Vanvik (1979), pp. 17–18.
  6. ^ Vanvik (1979), p. 17.
  7. ^ Vanvik (1979), p. 22.
  8. ^ Ims (2010), p. 15.
  9. ^ Kristoffersen (2000), p. 238.
  10. ^ Ophaug (2014), p. 59.

Bibliography[]

  • Ims, Charlotte Sol (2010), Sandnes i skyggen av Stavanger - en sociolingvistisk undersøkelse av Sandnes-mål med utgangspunkt i utvalgte språklige variabler (PDF), Adger: Universitetet i Adger
  • Kristoffersen, Gjert (2000), The Phonology of Norwegian, Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0-19-823765-5
  • Ophaug, Wencke (2014), EXFAC Fonetikk og fonologi (PDF)
  • Vanvik, Arne (1979), Norsk fonetikk, Oslo: Universitetet i Oslo, ISBN 82-990584-0-6

Further reading[]

  • Berntsen, Mandius; Larsen, Amund B. (1925), Stavanger Bymål, Oslo: Aschehoug
  • Rasch, Jacob (1957), Norsk ordsamling - Stavanger 1698, Universitetsforlaget, ISBN 9788200180098
  • Svedsen, Martin (1931), Syntaksen i Stavanger bymål, Oslo: Aschehoug
  • Westerlund, Selmer Ernst (1927), Den musikalske aksent i Stavangermålet, Oslo: Det Norske Videnskaps-Akademi

External links[]

Retrieved from ""