Stereocyclops

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Stereocyclops
Stereocyclops histrio IRDias 2014.jpg
S. histrio
Scientific classification e
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Amphibia
Order: Anura
Family: Microhylidae
Subfamily: Gastrophryninae
Genus: Stereocyclops
Cope, 1870
Type species
Stereocyclops incrassatus
Cope, 1870 "1869"[1]
Species

4, see text.

Synonyms[2]

Emydops Miranda-Ribeiro, 1920
Ribeirina Parker, 1934
Hyophryne Carvalho, 1954[3]

Stereocyclops (common name: Brazilian dumpy frogs) is a small genus of microhylid frogs.[2][4] It is endemic to the Atlantic forest of eastern Brazil.[2] Molecular phylogeny suggests that it is sister taxon to the clade containing Dasypops and Myersiella.[5]

Description[]

Stereocyclops can be defined by features of its osteology. In the skull, palatine bone is present, as is the posterior part of . The clavicle is fully developed and long. Furthermore, the dorsal coloration is light and sharply separated from the dark ventrum by a light line. The head is flattened and the mouth is relatively large.[3] Notice, however, that at the time of this description, the genus was monotypic and Hyophryne was considered a separate genus;[3] a thorough morphological study of the genus as presently understood is lacking.[6]

Beheavior[]

One species, Stereocyclops parkeri, is known to show defensive behavior that may enhance its cryptic appearance, giving an impression of a casually dislodged leaf: when an individual is disturbed, it makes a short leap, landing with its legs stretched backwards. It will then remain still, sometimes as long as 30 minutes, although it may also move a little forward with a quick movement of the feet, resembling a flicked leaf.[7]

Species[]

There are four species in the genus:[2][4]

Binomial name and author Common name
Stereocyclops histrio (Carvalho, 1954) Bahia yellow frog
Stereocyclops incrassatus Cope, 1870 Brazilian dumpy frog
Caramaschi, Salles, and Cruz, 2012
Stereocyclops parkeri (Wettstein, 1934)

References[]

  1. ^ Cope, Edward D. (1870) [1869]. "Seventh contribution to the herpetology of tropical America". Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society. 11 (81): 147–192. JSTOR 981453.
  2. ^ a b c d Frost, Darrel R. (2017). "Stereocyclops Cope, 1870". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 29 June 2017.
  3. ^ a b c Carvalho, Antenor Leitão de (1954). "A preliminary synopsis of the genera of American microhylid frogs". Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan. 555: 1–19. hdl:2027.42/56993.
  4. ^ a b "Microhylidae". AmphibiaWeb. University of California, Berkeley. 2017. Retrieved 29 June 2017.
  5. ^ de Sá, R. O.; Streicher, J. W.; Sekonyela, R.; Forlani, M. C.; Loader, S. P.; Greenbaum, E.; Richards, S.; Haddad, C. F. B. (2012). "Molecular phylogeny of microhylid frogs (Anura: Microhylidae) with emphasis on relationships among New World genera". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 12: 241. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-12-241. PMC 3561245. PMID 23228209.
  6. ^ Caramaschi, U.; Salles, R. de O. L.; Cruz, C. A. G. (2012). "A new species of Stereocyclops Cope (Anura, Microhylidae) from southeastern Brazil". Zootaxa. 3583: 83–88. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3583.1.7.
  7. ^ Sazima, Ivan (1978). "Convergent defensive behavior of two leaf-litter frogs of southeastern Brazil". Biotropica. 10 (2): 158. doi:10.2307/2388020. JSTOR 2388020.
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