Streptomyces hygroscopicus

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Streptomyces hygroscopicus
Streptomyces hygroscopicus.JPG
Streptomyces hygroscopicus colonies
Scientific classification
Domain:
Bacteria
Phylum:
"Actinobacteria"
Class:
Actinobacteria
Order:
Streptomycetales
Family:
Streptomycetaceae
Genus:
Streptomyces
Species:
S. hygroscopicus
Binomial name
Streptomyces hygroscopicus
( 1931) Yüntsen et al. 1956 [1]
Subspecies
  • subsp. "aureolacrimosus" Takiguchi et al. 1980
  • subsp. hygroscopicus (Jensen 1931) Yüntsen et al. 1956 (Approved Lists 1980)
  • subsp. ossamyceticus Schmitz et al. 1965 (Approved Lists 1980)
  • subsp. "yakushimaensis" Hatanaka et al. 1988
Synonyms[2]
  • "Actinomyces hygroscopicus" Jensen 1931
  • Streptomyces endus Anderson and Gottlieb 1952 (Approved Lists 1980)
  • Streptomyces sporocinereus (ex Krassilnikov 1970) Preobrazhenskaya 1986

Streptomyces hygroscopicus is a bacterial species in the genus Streptomyces. It was first described by Hans Laurits Jensen in 1931.[3]

Biochemistry[]

Cultures of different strains of S. hygroscopicus can be used to produce a number of chemical compounds or enzymes.

Small molecules[]

Immunosuppressants[]

Sirolimus (also known as rapamycin) is an immunosuppressant that has been isolated from S. hygroscopicus from soil samples from Easter Island.[4] Ascomycin can be used to treat autoimmune diseases and skin diseases, and can help prevent rejection after an organ transplant.

Antibiotics[]

The antibiotics geldanamycin, hygromycin B, nigericin, validamycin, and cyclothiazomycin are found in S. hygroscopicus.

Experimental cancer drugs[]

Indolocarbazoles can be found in S. hygroscopicus .

Anthelmintics and insecticides[]

Milbemycin and milbemycin oxime can be found in S. hygroscopicus cultures.

Herbicide[]

S. hygroscopicus also produces the natural herbicide bialaphos.[5]

Enzymes[]

The enzymes alpha,alpha-trehalose-phosphate synthase (GDP-forming), carboxyvinyl-carboxyphosphonate phosphorylmutase and hygromycin-B kinase can be isolated from cultures of S. hygroscopicus.

References[]

  1. ^ Page Streptomyces file 2 (File 2: Streptomyces felleus - Streptomyces mutomycini) on Bacterio.net. Retrieved 12 December 2015
  2. ^ Streptomyces hygroscopicus on biocyc.org
  3. ^ Jensen, HL (1931). "Contributions to our knowledge of the Actinomycetales. II. The definition and subdivision of the genus Actinomyces, with a preliminary account of Australian soil Actinomycetes". Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales. 56: 345–370.
  4. ^ Vézina C, Kudelski A, Sehgal SN (October 1975). "Rapamycin (AY-22,989), a new antifungal antibiotic". Journal of Antibiotics. 28 (10): 721–6. doi:10.7164/antibiotics.28.721. PMID 1102508.
  5. ^ Murakami, Takeshi; Anzai, Hiroyuki; Imai, Satoshi; Satoh, Atsuyuki; Nagaoka, Kozo; Thompson, Charles J. (October 1986). "The bialaphos biosynthetic genes of Streptomyces hygroscopicus: Molecular cloning and characterization of the gene cluster". Molecular and General Genetics. 205 (1): 42–53. doi:10.1007/BF02428031. S2CID 32983239.

External links[]


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