Sultan Ahmad Khan

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Ahmad Khan was a sultan of the Principality of Herat in Afghanistan. He ruled from September 1857 to April 1863. He was a nephew of Dost Mohammad Khan. In 1855-56, Sultan Ahmad Khan sent a petition to the Shahanshah.[1] If they would support Sultan Ahmad Khan with an army he would overthrow the Amir-i Kabir and annex Afghanistan into the Guarded Domains. He was intercepted by Dost Mohammad Khan though and exiled Sultan Ahmad Khan to Iran.[1] When the Anglo-Persian War ended he was installed as ruler of Herat by the Iranians, as they evacuated Herat in September 1857[2] in accordance with the Treaty of Paris.[3] During his reign, he was completely dependent on Iran and not only minted coins in the Shahanshah's name, but also repeatedly given support upon request against the Mohammadzais.[2] Naser al-Din Shah bestowed the title of Sirkar on Sultan Ahmad Khan and bestowed the title of Amir Panji on Sultan Ahmad Khan's son, Shah Nawaz Khan.[4]

Khan captured Farah soon after in March 1862, which was controlled by the Barakzai Emirs since 30th October 1856.[5][2] This became Dost Mohammad Khan's casus belli to launch an attack on Herat. On June 29[3] or July 8[6] Farah was captured by the Muhammadzais. On July 22,[6] Sabzawar was captured. By July 28, Herat was besieged.[3] During the 10-month siege Ahmad died on March 6, 1863,[2][7] being succeeded by his son Shah Nawaz Khan. Shortly before his death, he had been affected by a disease that causes limb paralysis.[7] On May 27, 1863, Herat would finally fall to the Amir.[3]

See also[]

References[]

  1. ^ a b McChesney, Robert; Khorrami, Mohammad Mehdi (2012-12-19). The History of Afghanistan (6 vol. set): Fayż Muḥammad Kātib Hazārah's Sirāj al-tawārīkh. BRILL. ISBN 978-90-04-23498-7.
  2. ^ a b c d Noelle-Karimi, Christine (2014). The Pearl in Its Midst: Herat and the Mapping of Khurasan (15th-19th Centuries). Austrian Academy of Sciences Press. ISBN 978-3-7001-7202-4.
  3. ^ a b c d Edward Balfour. The cyclopædia of India and of eastern and southern Asia. Bernard Quaritch, 1885
  4. ^ Kuhzad, Ahmad Ali (195-). Men and events : through 18th and 19th century : Afghanistan. Robarts - University of Toronto. Kabul : [s.n.] {{cite book}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  5. ^ Noelle, Christine (1997). State and Tribe in Nineteenth-century Afghanistan: The Reign of Amir Dost Muhammad Khan (1826-1863). Psychology Press. ISBN 978-0-7007-0629-7.
  6. ^ a b Mojtahed-Zadeh, Pirouz (1993). Evolution of Eastern Iranian boundaries: Role of the Khozeimeh Amirdom of Qaenat and Sistan (phd thesis). SOAS University of London.
  7. ^ a b Lee, Jonathan L. (1996-01-01). The "Ancient Supremacy": Bukhara, Afghanistan and the Battle for Balkh, 1731-1901. BRILL. ISBN 978-90-04-10399-3.
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