Symmachia

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Symmachia
Symmachia accusatrix.JPG
Symmachia accusatrix
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Animalia
Phylum:
Arthropoda
Class:
Insecta
Order:
Lepidoptera
Family:
Riodinidae
Subfamily:
Riodininae
Genus:
Symmachia

Hübner, [1819]
Synonyms
  • Cricosoma C. & R. Felder, [1865]
  • Synapta C. & R. Felder, 1865 (preocc. Eschscholtz, 1829)

Symmachia is a genus in the butterfly family Riodinidae present only in the Neotropical realm.

This genus is distinguished by a strong bulging-out of the costa of the forewing of the males, this characteristic bulge recedes in but few species, presumably owing to a mimetic transformation. This widening of the forewing is accompanied by a peculiar flight resembling that of Thecla, which becomes very conspicuous in the non-mimetic species, whereas in the mimetic species it is replaced by that of the causal originals to which reference is made in the single species, and which may more correctly be eliminated from the genus. They are more closely allied to the than the non-mimetic species, but we shall here give the precedence to the more typical forms. Many Symmachia are great rarities, and they are extremely peculiar in the shape as well as in the colouring. They fly in the day time, not continuously, and rest beneath leaves.[1]

Species[]

  • Hewitson, 1876 present in Brazil
  • Symmachia accusatrix Westwood, 1851 present in Mexico, Ecuador, Colombia, Brazil and French Guiana
  • (Zikán, 1946) present in Brazil
  • Hewitson, 1867 present in Brazil
  • (C. & R. Felder, 1865) present in Brazil and Colombia
  • (Weeks, 1902) present in Colombia
  • Symmachia basilissa (Bates, 1868) present in Brazil and French Guiana
  • (Staudinger, [1887]) present in Brazil
  • Hall & Lamas, 2001 present in Peru
  • Symmachia calligrapha Hewitson, 1867 present in Brazil and French Guiana
  • Symmachia calliste Hewitson, 1867 present in Brazil, Colombia, Nicaragua and French Guiana
  • (Rebillard, 1958) present in Brazil
  • (Bates, 1868) present in Brazil
  • Symmachia emeralda Hall & Harvey, 2002 present in Ecuador and French Guiana
  • Symmachia estellina present in French Guiana
  • (Bates, 1868) present in Brazil
  • Symmachia falcistriga Stichel, 1910 present in French Guiana, Bolivia and Brazil
  • Hall & Willmott, 1995 present in Ecuador
  • Stichel, 1924 present in Brazil
  • Hall & Willmott, 1996 present in Ecuador
  • Hewitson, 1867 present in Brazil and Peru
  • Herrich-Schäffer, [1853] present in French Guiana, Guyana and Suriname
  • Godman, 1903 present in Brazil
  • Staudinger, [1887] present in Colombia
  • Westwood, 1851 present in Brazil and French Guiana
  • Hewitson, 1870 present in Mexico, Panama, Nicaragua, Colombia, French Guiana and Brazil
  • (C. & R. Felder, 1865) present in Brazil and French Guiana
  • Staudinger, 1888 present in Brazil
  • Symmachia menetas (Drury, 1782) present in Suriname and Brazil
  • Grose-Smith, 1898 present in French Guiana and Ecuador
  • Stichel, 1910 present in Colombia and French Guiana
  • Le Cerf, 1958 present in Brazil.
  • Hewitson, 1867 present in Brazil and French Guiana
  • Stichel, 1924 present in Peru
  • Hewitson, 1867 present in Brazil and French Guiana
  • (Bates, 1868) present in Brazil and Ecuador
  • Gallard, 2009 present in French Guiana[2]
  • Westwood, 1851 present in Brazil
  • (Stoll, [1782]) present in Mexico, Nicaragua, Guatemala, Suriname, Guyana, French Guiana and Brazil
  • Staudinger, [1887] synonym of
  • present in French Guiana
  • (Stichel, 1929) present in Colombia and Ecuador
  • Bates, 1866 present in Mexico, Ecuador, Colombia, Bolivia and Brazil
  • (Hewitson, 1877) present in Ecuador
  • (Salazar & Constantino, 1993) present in Colombia
  • Stichel, 1910 present in Bolivia and French Guiana
  • Hewitson, 1877 present in Ecuador
  • Stichel, 1910 present in Suriname, French Guiana and Trinidad and Tobago
  • Hewitson, 1870 present in French Guiana, Colombia and Nicaragua
  • Hewitson, 1867 present in Brazil and French Guiana
  • Hewitson, 1870 present in Ecuador
  • (Thieme, 1907) present in Colombia and French Guiana
  • Hewitson, 1867 present in Mexico, Guatemala, Peru and French Guiana
  • Stichel, 1910 present in Colombia, Trinidad and Tobago and French Guiana
  • Stichel, 1910 present in Colombia
  • (Hewitson, 1870) present in Nicaragua and Panama

Sources[]

  1. ^ Seitz, A. 1916. Family:Erycinidae. In A. Seitz (editor), Macrolepidoptera of the world,vol. 5:617–738. Stuttgart: Alfred Kernen.[1] also available as pdf
  2. ^ Lambillionea n° 2-juin 2009
  • Symmachia at Markku Savela's website on Lepidoptera

External links[]

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