Synchrotron function

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First and second Synchrotron functions.

In mathematics the synchrotron functions are defined as follows (for x ≥ 0):

• First synchrotron function

${\displaystyle F(x)=x\int _{x}^{\infty }K_{\frac {5}{3}}(t)\,dt}$

• Second synchrotron function

${\displaystyle G(x)=xK_{\frac {2}{3}}(x)}$

where K_j is the modified Bessel function of the second kind.

Use in Astrophysics[]

In astrophysics, x is usually a ratio of frequencies, that is, the frequency over a critical frequency (critical frequency is the frequency at which most synchrotron radiation is radiated). This is needed when calculating the spectra for different types of synchrotron emission. It takes a spectrum of electrons (or any charged particle) generated by a separate process (such as a power law distribution of electrons and positrons from a constant injection spectrum) and converts this to the spectrum of photons generated by the input electrons/positrons.

For further information, see High Energy Astrophysics, Malcolm S. Longair, CUP, 1990.