Tail of Spence
| Tail of Spence | |
|---|---|
 Lymph nodes - #3 and #4 are in the region of the tail of Spence. | |
| Details | |
| Identifiers | |
| Latin | Processus axillaris, processus lateralis mammae |
| TA98 | A16.0.02.007 |
| TA2 | 7100 |
| FMA | 58072 |
| Anatomical terminology | |
The tail of Spence (Spence's tail, axillary process, axillary tail) is an extension of the tissue of the breast that extends into the axilla.[1] It is actually an extension of the upper lateral quadrant of the breast. It passes into the axilla through an opening in the deep fascia called foramen of Langer.
It is named after the Scottish surgeon James Spence.[2]
In clinical terms, the breast is divided into quadrants. The tail of Spence is an extension of the upper outer quadrant of the breast.[3]
Breast cancer[]
Breast cancer can develop in the tail of Spence. One form is referred to as carcinoma of the axillary tail of Spence (CATS). Various studies have calculated CATS as representing 0.1-1% of breast cancers.[4][3]
See also[]
- Anatomical terms of location
- Breast cancer
- Human anatomy
References[]
- ^ Memon S, Emanuel JC (2008). "The axillary tail--an important caveat in prophylactic mastectomy". The Breast Journal. 14 (3): 313–4. doi:10.1111/j.1524-4741.2008.00585.x. PMID 18373642.
- ^ Sebastian, Anton (1999). A dictionary of the history of medicine. Carnforth, Lancs: Parthenon. p. 677. ISBN 1-85070-021-4.
- ^ a b Gou, Z. C.; Liu, X. Y.; Xiao, Y.; Zhao, S.; Jiang, Y. Z.; Shao, Z. M. (2018). "Decreased survival in patients with carcinoma of axillary tail versus upper outer quadrant breast cancers: A SEER population-based study". Cancer Management and Research. 10: 1133–1141. doi:10.2147/CMAR.S165291. PMC 5958946. PMID 29795985.
- ^ Ampil, Federico; Caldito, Gloria; Henderson, Benjamin; Li, Benjamin; Kim, Roger H.; Burton, Gary; Chu, Quyen (1 September 2012). "Carcinoma of the Axillary Tail of Spence: A Case Series". Anticancer Research. 32 (9): 4057–4059. PMID 22993360. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
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