Talca
Talca | |
|---|---|
 | |
|
 Coat of arms  Location of Talca commune in Maule Region   Talca Location in Chile | |
| Coordinates: 35°25′37″S 71°39′56″W / 35.42694°S 71.66556°WCoordinates: 35°25′37″S 71°39′56″W / 35.42694°S 71.66556°W | |
| Region | Maule Region |
| Province | Talca Province |
| Founded | May 12, 1742 |
| Government | |
| • Type | Municipality |
| • Alcalde | Juan Carlos Díaz Avendaño |
| Area | |
| • Total | 231.5 km2 (89.4 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 102 m (335 ft) |
| Population (2015 Census)[4] | |
| • Total | 233,339 |
| • Density | 1,000/km2 (2,600/sq mi) |
| Demonym(s) | Talquino |
| Sex | |
| • Men | 111,796 |
| • Women | 121,543 |
| Time zone | UTC−4 (CLT) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC−3 (CLST) |
| Postal code | 3460000 |
| Area code(s) | 56 (country) + 712 (Talca Province) |
| Climate | Csb |
| Website | talca |
Talca (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈtalka]) is a city and commune in Chile located about 255 km (158 mi) south of Santiago, and is the capital of both Talca Province and Maule Region (7th Region of Chile). As of the 2012 census, the city had a population of 201,142.
The city is an important economic center, with agricultural (wheat) and manufacturing activities, as well as wine production. It is also the location of the Universidad de Talca and the Catholic University of Maule, among others. The Catholic Church of Talca has held a prominent role in the history of Chile.
The inhabitants of Talca have a saying, Talca, Paris & London, born from a hat shop which had placed a ribbon stating that it had branches in Paris and London. The shop was owned by a French immigrant named Jean-Pierre Lagarde.
Demographics[]
According to the 2002 census of the National Statistics Institute, Talca spans an area of 231.5 km2 (89 sq mi) and had, in that year, 201,797 inhabitants. Of these, in 2002, 193,755 (96%) lived in urban areas and 8,042 (4%) in rural areas.[3] Today, the city has about 233,339 inhabitants (111,796 men and 121,543 women) according to the 2015 census. The population grew by 15.63% (31,542 persons) between the 2002 and 2015 censuses.[4]
History[]
The city was founded in 1692 by Tomás Marín de Poveda and refounded as Villa San Agustín de Talca in 1742 by José Antonio Manso de Velasco.[5]
The city played a role in Chile's independence, there took place, for example, in March 4, 1814, occurred the siege of Talca and the Battle of Cancha Rayada, at March 29; and the Second battle of Cancha Rayada, in March 16. 1818. Also, in February 12, 1818, Bernardo O'Higgins signed the Chilean independence declaration at February 12, 1818.[5]
The Talca Province was founded in 1833, this ended the dependency of the Colchagua Province. Also, Talca was a focus of insurrection in the 1851 and 1859 revolutions
It was partially destroyed by the 1928 Talca earthquake and the 2010 Chile earthquake, being rebuilt both times. It sits near the epicenter of the 2010, magnitude 8.8 earthquake and suffered severe shaking[6] causing the collapse of much of the historic town centre.[7]
Administration[]
As a commune, Talca is a third-level administrative division of Chile administered by a municipal council, headed by an alcalde who is directly elected every four years. The 2008–2012 alcalde is Juan Castro Prieto (Independent Democratic Union, centre-right).[1][2]
Within the electoral divisions of Chile, Talca is represented in the Chamber of Deputies by Sergio Aguiló (PS) and Germán Verdugo (RN) as part of the 37th electoral district, which consists entirely of the Talca commune. The commune is represented in the Senate by Juan Antonio Coloma Correa (UDI) and Andrés Zaldívar Larraín (PDC) as part of the 10th senatorial constituency (Maule-North).
Geography and climate[]
The commune of Talca spans an area of 231.5 km2 (89 sq mi).[3] The city of Talca is located 250 km (155 mi) south of Santiago,[5] south of the confluence of the rivers Lircay and Claro, in the Central Valley. The city is bisected by the Pan-American Highway.
Talca has a Mediterranean climate (Köppen: Csb) with dry summers and wet winters, though it is hotter in summer and cooler in winter than coastal cities like Valparaíso and Concepción.
| hideClimate data for Talca (1976–2005) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Average high °C (°F) | 30.3 (86.5) |
29.5 (85.1) |
26.8 (80.2) |
21.5 (70.7) |
16.4 (61.5) |
13.4 (56.1) |
13.1 (55.6) |
15.3 (59.5) |
18.1 (64.6) |
21.6 (70.9) |
25.4 (77.7) |
28.7 (83.7) |
21.7 (71.1) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 21.2 (70.2) |
20.3 (68.5) |
17.4 (63.3) |
13.4 (56.1) |
10.5 (50.9) |
8.7 (47.7) |
7.9 (46.2) |
9.1 (48.4) |
11.3 (52.3) |
14.1 (57.4) |
17.1 (62.8) |
20.1 (68.2) |
14.2 (57.6) |
| Average low °C (°F) | 12.4 (54.3) |
11.9 (53.4) |
9.8 (49.6) |
7.5 (45.5) |
6.3 (43.3) |
5.1 (41.2) |
4.2 (39.6) |
4.5 (40.1) |
5.8 (42.4) |
7.6 (45.7) |
9.6 (49.3) |
11.9 (53.4) |
8.1 (46.6) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 4.0 (0.16) |
3.9 (0.15) |
13.3 (0.52) |
33.8 (1.33) |
115.8 (4.56) |
146.2 (5.76) |
155.1 (6.11) |
85.9 (3.38) |
53.1 (2.09) |
34.3 (1.35) |
19.4 (0.76) |
11.5 (0.45) |
676.2 (26.62) |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 58.2 | 62.7 | 69.4 | 78.1 | 86.9 | 89.5 | 88.7 | 85.0 | 79.2 | 72.7 | 64.1 | 58.9 | 74.4 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 359.6 | 288.2 | 263.5 | 168.0 | 105.4 | 75.0 | 93.0 | 145.7 | 183.0 | 248.0 | 300.0 | 337.9 | 2,567.3 |
| Source: University de Talca[8] | |||||||||||||
Transportation[]
There is some kind of public transport by private owned busses.
Gallery[]
A garden pavilion in Plaza de Armas (Armas Square)
O'Higginian Historical Museum (Museo Histórico O'Higginiano)
Calle Sur de Talca (Talca Southern Street)
Aftermath in damage at Talca Cathedral, by 1928 Talca earthquake
See also[]
- Maule River
- Descabezado Grande
- Radal Siete Tazas National Reserve
- Altos de Lircay National Reserve
- Juan Albano Pereira Márquez
References[]
- ^ Jump up to: a b "Municipality of Talca" (in Spanish). Retrieved January 22, 2010.
- ^ Jump up to: a b "Asociación Chilena de Municipalidades" (in Spanish). Archived from the original on April 19, 2011. Retrieved January 22, 2010.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c "National Statistics Institute" (in Spanish). Retrieved July 28, 2010.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c "National Statistics Institute" (in Spanish). Retrieved April 28, 2017.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c "Maule Region". Universidad de Talca. Archived from the original on March 14, 2008. Retrieved July 30, 2008.
- ^ Intensity of shaking in cities around the 2010 Chilean earthquake from USGS Archived January 13, 2016, at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Images of earthquake including collapse of Talca historic centre
- ^ "Resumen de datos meteorológicos de Talca" (in Spanish). University of Talca. Retrieved November 21, 2014.
External links[]
 |
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Talca (category) |
- (in Spanish) Municipality of Talca
- Urban Umbrella Architectural Exhibition
- Talca's Gate
- El aMaule
- La Prensa
- El Centro
- WWW.DELMAULE.CL
| show Authority control  |
|---|
- Populated places in Talca Province
- Communes of Chile
- Capitals of Chilean regions
- Capitals of Chilean provinces
- Populated places established in 1742
- 1740s establishments in the Captaincy General of Chile
- 1740s establishments in the Viceroyalty of Peru
- 1742 establishments in the Spanish Empire