A member of the tenascin family, tenascin X (TN-X) also known as hexabrachion-like protein is a glycoprotein that is expressed in connective tissues including skin, joints and muscles. In humans, tenascin X is encoded by the TNXBgene.[5]
This gene localizes to the major histocompatibility complex (MHC class III) region on chromosome 6. The structure of this gene is unusual in that it overlaps the CREBL1 and CYP21A2 genes at its 5' and 3' ends, respectively.[6]
Function[]
This gene encodes a member of the tenascin family of extracellular matrix glycoproteins. The tenascins have anti-adhesive effects, as opposed to fibronectin which is adhesive. This protein is thought to function in matrix maturation during wound healing.[6]
Clinical significance[]
Deficiency causes Classical-like Ehlers–Danlos syndrome, where collagen density is reduced and elastic fibers are fragmentated.[7]
^"Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^"Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^Tee MK, Thomson AA, Bristow J, Miller WL (July 1995). "Sequences promoting the transcription of the human XA gene overlapping P450c21A correctly predict the presence of a novel, adrenal-specific, truncated form of tenascin-X". Genomics. 28 (2): 171–8. doi:10.1006/geno.1995.1128. PMID8530023.
^Zweers, MC; Schalkwijk, J; Van Kuppevelt, TH; Van Vlijmen-Willems, IM; Bergers, M; Lethias, C; Lamme, EN (2005). "Transplantation of reconstructed human skin on nude mice: a model system to study expression of human tenascin-X and elastic fiber components". Cell and Tissue Research. 319 (2): 279–87. doi:10.1007/s00441-004-1011-6. PMID15558324. S2CID5889106.
Further reading[]
Goepel C (2008). "Differential elastin and tenascin immunolabeling in the uterosacral ligaments in postmenopausal women with and without pelvic organ prolapse". Acta Histochem. 110 (3): 204–9. doi:10.1016/j.acthis.2007.10.014. PMID18155129.
Egging D, van Vlijmen-Willems I, van Tongeren T, et al. (2007). "Wound healing in tenascin-X deficient mice suggests that tenascin-X is involved in matrix maturation rather than matrix deposition". Connect. Tissue Res. 48 (2): 93–8. doi:10.1080/03008200601166160. PMID17453911. S2CID34586536.
Kato A, Endo T, Abiko S, et al. (2008). "Induction of truncated form of tenascin-X (XB-S) through dissociation of HDAC1 from SP-1/HDAC1 complex in response to hypoxic conditions". Exp. Cell Res. 314 (14): 2661–73. doi:10.1016/j.yexcr.2008.05.019. PMID18588874.
Buysschaert ID, Grulois V, Eloy P, et al. (2010). "Genetic evidence for a role of IL33 in nasal polyposis". Allergy. 65 (5): 616–22. doi:10.1111/j.1398-9995.2009.02227.x. PMID19860791. S2CID33878118.
Gudbjartsson DF, Bjornsdottir US, Halapi E, et al. (2009). "Sequence variants affecting eosinophil numbers associate with asthma and myocardial infarction". Nat. Genet. 41 (3): 342–7. doi:10.1038/ng.323. PMID19198610. S2CID4964308.