The Chord (painting)

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The Chord
French: L'Accord, French: Le Donneur de sérénades
Jean-Antoine Watteau - Le donneur de sérénades (Mezetin) - Google Art Project.jpg
ArtistAntoine Watteau
Yearc. 1714–1717
See § Provenance
CatalogueG 81; DV 215; R 94; HA 144; EC 130; F A10; RM 170; RT 58
Mediumoil on panel
Dimensions24 cm × 17 cm (9.4 in × 6.7 in)
LocationMusée Condé, Chantilly
AccessionPE 371

The Chord (L'Accord), alternatively known as The Serenader (Le Donneur de sérénades) and Mezzetino (Mézetin), is an oil on panel painting in the Musée Condé, Chantilly, by the French Rococo painter Antoine Watteau, variously dated c. 1714–1717. Throughout the 18th and 19th centuries, The Chord passed through numerous private collections, until it came into possession of Henri d'Orléans, Duke of Aumale, son of King Louis Philippe I; as part of the Duke of Aumale's collection at the Château de Chantilly, The Chord was bequeathed to the Institut de France in 1884.

At 24 by 17 cm, the painting forms a single-figure full-length composition that depicts a male guitarist in theatrical costume, sitting amid the landscape. The guitarist, widely associated with the commedia dell'arte character Mezzetino, is a recurring subject in Watteau's art; based on a red and black chalk drawing owned by the Louvre, it is also present in two other paintings by Watteau, The Surprise (now in the Getty Museum, Los Angeles) and Pleasures of Love (now in the Alte Meister Gallery, Dresden).

Provenance[]

The recorded provenance of The Chord begins in the mid-18th century, when it was in possession of the fermier géneral Marin Delahaye (1684-1753); at the sale after his death, held in Paris on January 1, 1754, the painting was lot 47, described as "un tableau peint sur bois, représentant Mezetin par Vatteau, de 10 pouces de haut sur 7 pouces de large, dans sa bordure dorée," and sold for 300 livres to the certain Beauchamp.[1] Soon after that sale, it entered the collection of the painter and art dealer  [fr] (1748-1813), the husband of the prominent portrait painter Élisabeth Vigée Le Brun; Lebrun put The Chord on sale twice, as lot 58 at a May 1765 auction, and as lot 40 at a November 1778 auction respectively.

In the 1780s, the painting belonged to Antoine Claude Chariot (1733-1815), the commissaire-priseur du Châtelet; at a sale in January 1788, The Chord and another Watteau painting in the Chariot collection, The Worried Lover, were lot 44 sold back to Lebrun for 221 livres. Lebrun didn't keep the pair for long, and put it at auction on April 11, 1791, only to have them bought back for 132 livres. For a brief time, The Chord was owned by the art dealer Alexandre Joseph Paillet (1743-1814), and was sold as lot 25 at auction for 120 livres on February 13, 1792. Decades later, the painting resurfaced as lot 150 at auction in Paris on March 20–22, 1824, before entering the collection of Marquis André Joseph Maison (1798–1869), son of the prominent general and diplomat Nicolas Joseph Maison; with part of that collection, it was sold in 1868 to Henri d'Orléans, Duke of Aumale, the fifth son of King Louis Philippe I. As part of the Duke of Aumale's collection at the Château de Chantilly, The Chord was bequeathed to the Institut de France in 1884.[2]

Among Watteau scholars, The Chord is generally attributed to the middle years of the artist's career.[3] In the 1950 catalogue raisonné, the Louvre staff curator Hélène Adhémar listed the painting as a Spring-Summer 1716 work;[4] in a 1959 study, the painter and connoisseur Jacques Mathey attributed it to c. 1714.[5] In the 1968 catalogue raisonné, the Italian art historian Ettore Camesasca dated the painting c. 1715;[6] in the 1980s, the French scholar Marianne Roland Michel suggested a ca. 1715–1716 dating.[7] In 2002, Renaud Temperini gives a slightly later dating of ca. 1716–1717.[8][9]

Analysis[]

The Chord is an oil on panel painting, shaped as a vertical rectangle that measures 24 by 17 cm. It shows a full-length single figure of a male guitarist in a theatrical costume, seated tuning a guitar amid a landscape; the man's head, turned to the left, is barren. He wears a rose-colored coat and knee-britches slashed with yellow, embellished with blue ribbons and shoes with blue rosettes.[10][11]

Gallery[]

Related pictures

References[]

  1. ^ In an annotated copy of the sale catalogue in the Frick Art Reference Library, New York, the buyer is referred to as Baucham (see Eidelberg 2020).
  2. ^ Garnier-Pelle 1995, p. 152; Eidelberg 2020.
  3. ^ Eidelberg 2020: "The painting has generally been dated by Watteau scholars to the middle years of the artist’s career."
  4. ^ Adhémar 1950, p. 219, cat. no. 144.
  5. ^ Mathey 1959, p. 68.
  6. ^ Montagni 1968, p. 108, translated into English as Camesasca 1971, p. 110, cat. no. 130.
  7. ^ Roland Michel 1980, p. 62, cat. no. 170.
  8. ^ Temperini 2002, p. 143, cat. no. 58.
  9. ^ Eidelberg 2020.
  10. ^ Gruyer 1898, pp. 267–268; Gruyer 1899, pp. 345–346.
  11. ^ Baejter 2009, p. 42.

Further reading[]

  • Adhémar, Hélène (1950). Watteau; sa vie, son oeuvre (in French). Includes "L’univers de Watteau", an introduction by René Huyghe. Paris: P. Tisné. pp. 28, 49, 119, 184, 219; cat. no. 144; pl. 76. OCLC 853537.
  • Agratina, E. E. (2016). "Тема комедии дель арте в творчестве Антуана Ватто" [Commedia dell’arte as reflected in Antoine Watteau's Works]. ACADEMIA: Танец. Музыка. Театр. Образование (in Russian) (2 [42]): 45–59. ISSN 2227-4855 – via eLibrary.ru.
  • Belova, Y. N. (2014). Закат барокко и утро рококо: Жак Калло и Антуан Ватто (in Russian). Saint Petersburg: State University of Industrial Technologies and Design. p. 63. ISBN 978-5-7937-1002-2.
  • Baetjer, Katharine, ed. (2009). Watteau, Music, and Theater. Rosenberg, Pierre (an introduction by); Cowart, Georgia J. (an essay by). New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art. pp. 42–44, under cat. no. 11. ISBN 978-1-58839-335-7.
  • Benjamin-Constant, Jean-Joseph (April 1898). "Le château de Chantilly: la Galerie de Peinture". La Revue de l'art ancien et moderne. 3 (13): 325–344 – via the Internet Archive.
  • Börsch-Supan, Helmut (2000). Antoine Watteau, 1684-1721. Meister der französischen Kunst (in German). Köln: Könemann. pp. 59; ill. 49. ISBN 3-8290-1630-1. OCLC 925262301.
  • Camesasca, Ettore (1971). The Complete Paintings of Watteau. Classics of the World's Great Art. Introduction by John Sunderland. New York: Harry N. Abrams. p. 110, cat. no. 130, colorpl. IX. ISBN 0810955253. OCLC 143069 – via the Internet Archive.
  • Dacier, Émile; Vuaflart, Albert (1922). Jean de Julienne et les graveurs de Watteau au XVIII-e siècle. III. Catalogue (in French). Paris: M. Rousseau. pp. 43, 81, 100, cat. no. 215. OCLC 1039156495.
  • Ferré, Jean, ed. (1972). Watteau (in French). Madrid: Éditions Athena. cat. no. A10. OCLC 906101135.
  • Garnier-Pelle, Nicole (1995). Chantilly, musée Condé. Peintures du xviiie siècle. Inventaire des collections publiques de France (in French). 38. Paris: Réunion des musées nationaux. pp. 152–154, cat. no. 112. OCLC 33264438.
  • Gillet, Louis (1921). Watteau: un grand maître du XVIIIe siècle. Paris: Plon. p. 93. OCLC 1102350703 – via the Internet Archive.
  • Glorieux, Guillaume (2011). Watteau. Collection Les Phares (in French). Paris: Citadelles & Mazenod. pp. 217–218. ISBN 9782850883408. OCLC 711039378.
  • Goncourt, Edmond de (1875). Catalogue raisonné de l'oeuvre peint, dessiné et gravé d'Antoine Watteau. Paris: Rapilly. p. 77, cat. no. 81. OCLC 1041772738 – via the Internet Archive.
  • Gruyer, François-Anatole (1898). La peinture au chateau de Chantilly. Vol. 2: École française (in French). Paris: Plon-Nourrit. pp. 266–269, cat. no. CXV. OCLC 1048229654 – via the Internet Archive.
  • Gruyer, François-Anatole (1899). Chantilly, Musée Condé. Notice des peintures. Paris: Braun, Clément et cie. pp. 345–346, cat. no. 371 – via the Internet Archive.
  • Huyghe, René (1970) [1950]. Watteau: The Artist and His Drawings. Translated by Barbara Bray. New York: Braziller. p. 74. OCLC 556662493 – via the Internet Archive. For the original French edition, see Adhémar 1950, pp. 1–60.CS1 maint: postscript (link)
  • "Inventaire après décès du chanoine Haranger, 17 mai 1735". Revue de l'Art (in French). 69 (69): 62–68. 1985. doi:10.3406/rvart.1985.347525 – via Persee.fr.
  • Josz, Virgile (1904). Antoine Watteau (in French). Paris: H. Piazza et cie. pp. 177 n. 2, 221. OCLC 963518006 – via the Internet Archive.
  • Lemonnier, Henry (February 1925). "Les origines de Musée Condé". Gazette des Beaux-Arts (in French). 5.11 (754): 61–76 – via Gallica.
  • Mathey, Jacques (1959). Antoine Watteau. Peintures réapparues inconnues ou négligées par les historiens (in French). Paris: F. de Nobele. p. 68. OCLC 954214682.
  • Montagni, E. C. (1968). L'opera completa di Watteau. Classici dell'arte (in Italian). 21. Introduction by Giovanni Macchia. Milano: Rizzoli. p. 108; cat. no. 130, colorpl. IX. OCLC 1006284992. For the English edition, see Camesasca 1971.CS1 maint: postscript (link)
  • (1964). Ватто и его произведения в Эрмитаже (Watteau et son œuvre à l'Ermitage) [Watteau and His Works in the Hermitage] (in Russian). Leningrad: Sovetskiy hudozhnik. pp. 92, 174 n. 32, 33. OCLC 67871342.
  • Nemilova, I. S. (1971). "К вопросу о творческом процессе Антуана Ватто (On the Question of Watteau's Creative Process)". In Libman M. Y.; et al. (eds.). Искусство Запада [Western Art] (in Russian). Moscow: Nauka. pp. 181–195. OCLC 707104089.
  • Parker, Karl T. & Mathey, Jacques (1957–1958). Antoine Watteau: catalogue complet de son oeuvre dessiné. Paris: F. de Nobèle. vol. 2, p. 359, cat. no. 839. OCLC 2039948.
  • Pilon, Edmond (1924) [1912]. Watteau et son école (in French). Paris, Bruxelles: Librarie Nationale D'art dt d'histoire, G. Van Oest & cie. pp. 98, 107; ill. p. 48. OCLC 744619923 – via Google Books.
  • Posner, Donald (1984). Antoine Watteau. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. p. 169. ISBN 0-8014-1571-3. OCLC 10736607 – via the Internet Archive.
  • Raymond, Florence, ed. (2013). Antoine Watteau (1684-1721): la leçon de musique (exhibition catalogue) (in French). Paris: Skira Flammarion. p. 122, under cat. no. 47. ISBN 978-2-0812-9583-4. OCLC 934385505.
  • Réau, Louis (1928–1930). "Watteau". In Dimier, Louis (ed.). Les peintres français du XVIII-e siècle: Histoire des vies et catalogue des œuvres (in French). 1. Paris: G. Van Oest. p. 38, cat. no. 94. OCLC 564527521.
  • Roland Michel, Marianne (1980). Antoine Watteau: das Gesamtwerk (in German). Translated from the French by Rudolf Kimmig. Frankfurt: Ullstein. pp. 61–62; cat. no. 170. ISBN 3-548-36019-X. OCLC 69202887.
  • Roland Michel, Marianne (1984). Watteau (in French). Paris: Flammarion. pp. 156, 159, 230, 279; pl. 146. ISBN 9782080120205. OCLC 417153549.
  • Rosenberg, Pierre; et al. (1984). Watteau. Les Grandes Expositions (in French). Levallois: Beaux-Arts Magazine. OCLC 463512544.
  • Rosenberg, Pierre; Prat, Louis-Antoine (1996). Antoine Watteau: catalogue raisonné des dessins. Paris: Gallimard-Electa. vol. 2, pp. 762–763, cat. no. 459. ISBN 2070150437. OCLC 463981169.
  • Rosenberg, Pierre; Prat, Louis-Antoine & Eidelberg, Martin (2011). Watteau: The Drawings (exhibition catalogue). London: Royal Academy of Arts. p. 134, under cat. no. 56 (entry by Louis-Antoine Prat). ISBN 9781905711703. OCLC 740683643.
  • Séailles, Gabriel (1900). Watteau, biographie critique, illustrée de vingt-quatre reporduction hors texte (in French). Paris: H. Laurens. p. 75. OCLC 697836947 – via the Internet Archive.
  • Temperini, Renaud (2002). Watteau. Maîtres de l'art (in French). Paris: Gallimard. cat. no. 58. ISBN 9782070116867. OCLC 300225840.
  • "Watteau". Masters in Art. 4 (39): 41 (125). 1903 – via the Internet Archive.
  • Wilenski, Reginald Howard (1931). French Painting. Boston: Hale, Cushman & Flint. p. 107. OCLC 1045602541 – via the Internet Archive.
  • Zeri, Federico (2000) [first published in Italian in 1998]. Watteau: The Embarkment for Cythera. One Hundred Paintings. Richmond Hill, Ontario: NDE Pub. pp. 44, 47. ISBN 1553210182. OCLC 48003550 – via the Internet Archive.
  • Zimmermann, E. Heinrich (1912). Watteau: des Meisters Werke in 182 Abbildungen. Klassiker der Kunst (in German). 21. Stuttgart, Leipzig: Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt. pp. 28, 186, 189. OCLC 561124140.
  • Zolotov, Y. K. (1968). Французский портрет XVIII века [French Portrait in the Eighteenth Century]. Moscow: Iskusstvo. p. 30. OCLC 567935709.

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