The Womens Amateur Championship
Tournament information | |
---|---|
Location | United Kingdom |
Established | 1893 |
Organized by | The R&A |
Format | Stroke play and match play |
Month played | June |
Current champion | |
The Women's Amateur Championship, previously known as the British Ladies Amateur, was founded in 1893 by the Ladies' Golf Union (now merged into The R&A) of Great Britain. Until the dawn of the professional era in 1976, it was the most important golf tournament for women in Great Britain, and attracted players from continental Europe, North America, and the rest of the world. Along with the U.S. Women's Amateur, it is considered the highest honour in women's amateur golf.
The first tournament was played at the Lytham & St Annes Golf Club in Lytham St Annes in Lancashire, England and was won by Lady Margaret Scott, who also won the following two years; her feat of three straight titles remains the record, matched by Cecil Leitch and Enid Wilson. In 1927, Simone de la Chaume of France, who had won the 1924 British Girls Amateur Golf Championship, became the first golfer from outside the British Isles to win the Ladies Championship. The first competitor from the United States to win the title was Babe Zaharias in 1947.
Format[]
The championship is contested in two phases. It begins with a 36-hole stroke play competition, played over two days. The leading 64 competitors progress to the knock-out match play competition, ties for 64th place being decided by countback. For many years up to 2020, all matches in the knock-out phase were played over 18 holes, but in 2021 the final was played over 36 holes.
Prizes[]
The "Pam Barton Memorial Salver" is awarded to the winner to be held for one year, as the actual Championship Cup is held by the Ladies' Golf Union. The runner-up receives The Diana Fishwick Cup. The leading qualifier receives the Doris Chambers Trophy.
History[]
In late 1892 several members of Wimbledon Ladies Golf Club sent out a circular to a number of other ladies clubs, with the intention of forming a ladies' golf union to arrange a ladies' championship similar to the men's Amateur Championship which had been held since 1885. Independently the Lytham & St Annes Golf Club, who had not been sent the circular, decided to organise a ladies' championship. On becoming aware of this, the Lytham club was invited to attend the meeting of the new union. The outcome was that it was decided to hold the first ladies' championship at the Lytham club, under the auspices of the newly founded Ladies' Golf Union.[1] The championship was held from Tuesday 13 to Thursday 15 June.[2][3] It was played on the ladies links of the Lytham & St Annes Golf Club, a 9-hole course. This was on the Mayfield Road site which the club used before moving to its present location in 1896.[4] There were 38 entries, requiring 6 knock-out rounds. Two rounds were played per day with the semi-finals and final played on the Thursday.[5] All matches were over 18 holes, with extra holes played to ensure a result. The winner received the championship cup valued at 50 guineas. In addition the winner received a gold medal, the runner-up a silver one and the two semi-finalists received bronze medals. Lady Margaret Scott beat Issette Pearson in the final by a score of 7&5.[6]
The 1894 championship was held in May at Littlestone-on-Sea in Kent. May became the regular month for the championship to be held, although sometimes it was held in early June. The event was extended to the Friday, with the quarter-finals and semi-finals played on the Thursday. The finalists were the same as in 1893, with Lady Margaret Scott winning again, but by a closer margin of 3&2.[7] In 1895 the event was played at Royal Portrush. The semi-finals and final were played on the Friday, a format that was retained until the introduction of a 36-hole final in 1913. Margaret Scott won for the third time, beating 5&4 in the final.[8] The 1896 event at Hoylake produced a new winner, Amy Pascoe.[9] In 1897 the championship was held in Scotland for the first time, at Gullane. It produced the first Scottish winner, with the final between two sisters, Edith Orr beating 4&3.[10] The 1898 event at Great Yarmouth & Caister was won by Lena Thomson, the losing finalist in 1896. She beat 6&5 in the final.[11]
From 1899 to 1907 the championship was dominated by Irish women. May Hezlet won in 1899, 1902 and 1907 with Rhona Adair winning in 1900 and 1903. Four other Irish golfers were losing finalists, in 1899, in 1903, in 1905 and Florence Hezlet, May's sister, in 1907. The 1899 event was held at County Down. May Hezlet met Magill in the final.[12] Magill had won when the pair met in the final of the Irish Women's Amateur Close Championship in 1898, but May Hezlet had won the close championship the previous week and repeated her success, winning 2&1.[13][14] She was less than two weeks past her 17th birthday.[12] Rhona Adair won the following year at Westward Ho!, beating 6&5 in the final.[15] The 1901 championship was held in Aberdovey in Wales, and was won by Molly Graham who beat Adair in the final.[16] May Hezlet won for the second time in 1902, beating at the 20th hole. Nevile was the sister of the 1900 runner-up . , the wife of Mungo Park Jr. was one of the semi-finalists.[17] There were three Irish semi-finalists for the 1903 championship at County Down. Adair won for the second time.[18]
May Hezlet reached the final again in 1904 at and met Lottie Dod. Dod was better known as a tennis player, having won the Wimbledon ladies' singles championship five times between 1887 and 1893. She had reached the semi-finals in 1898 and 1899 but this was her first final. In a close match Dod won by one hole.[19] In 1905, at Royal Cromer, another Irish golfer, , reached the final but lost 3&2 to Bertha Thompson.[20] 1906 was the first final since 1898 without an Irish lady. Thompson reached the final again but lost 4&3 to Alice Kennion, the first married woman to win the championship.[21] The 1907 championship was played at County Down and three Irish women reached the semi-finals. May Hezlet won for the third time, beating her sister Florence Hezlet 2&1 in the final.[22]
The 1908 championship was played on the Old Course at St Andrews. Maud Titterton met Dorothy Campbell in the final. It was the first final for both player, although both players had previously reached the semi-finals, Titterton in 1897 and Campbell in 1904, 1905 and 1906. Titterton won a close match at the 19th hole. The start of the final was delayed because Campbell had not won her semi-final until the 22nd hole.[23] Campbell won her first championship in 1909, beating Florence Hezlet 4&3 in the final at Birkdale.[24] None of the four semi-finalists at Westward Ho! in 1910 had reached that stage before. Elsie Grant Suttie won the title.[25] Campbell reached the final again in 1911 at Royal Portrush, meeting , the third of the Hezlet sister to reach the final. Campbell won the match 3&2, winning her second championship.[26] The 1912 championship at Turnberry was won by Gladys Ravenscroft who beat 3&2 in the final.[27]
In 1913 the final at Lytham & St Annes was extended to 36-holes. The final was played on a Friday with the quarter and semi-finals played on the previous day. Canadian was one of the semi-finalists.[28] Muriel Dodd beat in the final. Dodd won five holes in a row from the 4th to the 8th holes of the morning round and eventually won 8&6.[29] Dodd was beaten in the semi-finals of the 1914 championship at Hunstanton.[30] The final was between Cecil Leitch and Gladys Ravenscroft. Ravenscroft had beaten Leitch in the semi-finals in 1912, but on this occasion Leitch won a close match 2&1, the morning round having finished all-square.[31]
A championship was planned for October 1919 at Burnham & Berrow but was cancelled because of a railway strike.[32] The first post World War I championship was played at Royal County Down in May 1920. Cecil Leitch, the defending champion from 1914, met in the final. Leitch was 6 holes up after the morning round and won 7&6.[33] Joyce Wethered made her first appearance at Turnberry in 1921 and she and Leitch would dominate the event in the 1920s, the two meeting in the final in 1921, 1922 and 1925. They had met in the final of the 1920 English Women's Amateur Championship, with Wethered winning, but in the 1921 Womens Amateur Championship, the result was reversed. Leitch was 8 up with 9 holes to play and, although Wethered then won four holes in a row, Leitch won the match 4&3.[34] When the pair met again in 1922 at Royal St George's, the morning round was close, with Wethered a hole ahead. However she then dominated in the afternoon, eventually winning 9&7.[35] In 1923 Leitch was injured and Wethered was surprisingly beaten in the semi-finals, leaving a final between Doris Chambers and Muriel Macbeth.[36][37] In the final Macbeth was 3 up after the morning round but Chambers won the match at the 36th hole.[38] In 1924, at Royal Portrush, Wethered and Leitch met in quarter-finals.[39] Wethered won 6&4 and went on to win her second title.[40] At Troon in 1925, Wethered and Leitch met in the final for the third time. The match was level after 18 holes and still level after 27. Wethered then took a two-hole lead before Leitch won the last holes to level the match. The match ended at the 37th hole with Wethered winning her third championship.[41]
The 1926 championship was due to be played in Harlech in May but was postponed because of the general strike. The event as rearranged to June, although the Women's Home Internationals, that generally preceded the championship, were cancelled.[42] Joyce Wethered did not enter and Cecil Leitch won, the first woman to win the event four times.[43] A large number of the original entrants scratched and the final was played a day earlier than usual, on a Thursday.[43] Simone de la Chaume won the championship in 1927, the first French woman to do so. She had been a semi-finalist in 1926 and was also the first French winner of the Girls Amateur Championship, in 1924.[44] There was another French winner in 1928 when won the title.[45] The 1929 championship was played on the Old Course at St Andrews. Wethered came out of retirement to play and met the American, Glenna Collett, in the final. Collett had already won the U.S. Women's Amateur three times. The final created great public interest.[46] After 9 holes Collett led by 5 but her lead was reduced to 2 after the morning round. Wethered then won 7 of the first 9 holes in the afternoon to be 4 up and eventually won 3&1, her fourth win in the championship.[46] Collett reached the final again at Formby in 1930 and met in the final. Fishwick was competing in the event for the first time although she had won the Girls Amateur Championship in 1927 and 1928.[47] Fishwick led by 5 after the first round and eventually won 4&3.[47]
The format was changed at Portmarnock in 1931 with the introduction of stroke-play qualifying. Two rounds were played, on Saturday and Monday, with the leading 64 advancing to the match-play stage, which took place from Tuesday to Friday.[48] Enid Wilson led the qualifying by 8 strokes, after rounds of 75 and 83, with Wanda Morgan in second place.[49] The two met in the final with Wilson winning 7&6.[50] Wilson had been a semi-finalist three times previously and had won the English title in 1928 and 1930. In 1932 at Saunton the qualifying days were changed to Friday and Saturday with the match-play played from Monday to Thursday. An American Maureen Orcutt led the qualifying with Wilson three strokes behind.[51] Orcutt was surprisingly beaten in the first round and Wilson went on to reach the final after beating another American in the semi-finals.[52][53] She retained the championship, again winning the final by a score of 7&6.[54] In 1933 at Gleneagles, Wilson won the title for the third year in succession, having beaten , who had led the qualifying, in the semi-finals.[55][56][57]
The 1934 championship at Royal Porthcawl produced two new finalists with Helen Holm beating Pam Barton in the final.[58] Enid Wilson had been excluded from the event as she was deemed to have lost her amateur status. In 1935, Pam Barton reached the final again, beating her sister in the semi-finals, but lost, this time to Wanda Morgan.[59][60] In 1936 Bridget Newell led the qualifying and reached the final where she met Pam Barton.[61] Barton won the final 7&5 to win her first championship.[62] The 1937 championship was played at Turnberry. Bridget Newell had died just before the event, causing the Home Internationals to be cancelled. However, the championship continued as normal. There had been a reduction in the number of entries and qualifying was dropped, the event returning to the earlier Monday to Friday dates.[63] There was all-Scottish final, Jessie Anderson beating 6&4.[64] Another Scot, Helen Holm, won for the second time in 1938.[65] Pam Barton won her second title in 1939 beat in the final at Royal Portrush.[66]
Winners[]
Multiple winners[]
Eighteen players have won more than one Womens Amateur Championship, through 2021:
- 4 wins: Cecil Leitch, Joyce Wethered
- 3 wins: Margaret Scott, May Hezlet, Enid Wilson, Jessie Valentine, Brigitte Varangot
- 2 wins: Rhona Adair, Dorothy Campbell, Helen Holm, Pam Barton, Frances Stephens, , , Mickey Walker, , Rebecca Hudson, Louise Stahle
Eleven players have won both the Womens Amateur and U.S. Women's Amateur Championships, through 2021:
- Dorothy Campbell:^ 1909, 1911 British; 1909, 1910, 1924 U.S.
- Gladys Ravenscroft: 1912 British; 1913 U.S.
- Pam Barton:^ 1936, 1939 British; 1936 U.S.
- Babe Zaharias: 1947 British; 1946 U.S.
- Louise Suggs: 1948 British; 1947 U.S.
- Marlene Stewart Streit: 1953 British; 1956 U.S.
- Barbara McIntire: 1960 British; 1959, 1964 U.S.
- Catherine Lacoste:^ 1969 British; 1969 U.S.
- Carol Semple Thompson: 1974 British; 1973 U.S.
- Anne Quast: 1980 British; 1958, 1961, 1963 U.S.
- Kelli Kuehne:^ 1996 British; 1996 U.S.
^ Won both in same year.
Stroke-play qualifying[]
Stroke-play qualifying was first used from 1931 to 1936.[48][63] 36 holes were played with the leading 64 advancing to the match-play stage. There was no seeding. In 1931 qualifying was on Saturday and Monday but was then moved to Friday and Saturday. The leading qualifiers in this period were:
- 1931 Enid Wilson[49]
- 1932 Maureen Orcutt[51]
- 1933 [55]
- 1934 Molly Gourlay[179]
- 1935 [180]
- 1936 Bridget Newell[61]
Qualifying was reintroduced in 1966 and was played on the Monday and Tuesday.. Originally it was intended that 64 players would qualify but because of weather conditions, this was reduced to 32. The match-play draw was seeded.[181] The number of qualifiers remained at 32 in 1967.[182] In 1968, bad weather reduced the qualifying to one round and, as a result, the number of qualifiers was increased to 64, returning to 32 in 1969.[183][184] The number of qualifiers was generally 32, although in some years it was increased to 64.[185] In 1990 the number of qualifiers was increased to 64 where it has remained.
- 1966 Catherine Lacoste[181]
- 1967 Catherine Lacoste[182]
- 1968 Peggy Conley[183]
- 1969 Catherine Lacoste[184]
- 1970 [186]
- 1971 Beverly Huke[187]
- 1972 Belle Robertson
- 1973 Anne Sander
- 1974 , Anne Sander[188]
- 1975 Carol Semple[185]
- 1976 Debbie Massey[189]
- 1977 [190]
- 1978 Beth Daniel[191]
- 1979 Edwina Kennedy[192]
- 1980
- 1981 Belle Robertson
- 1982 Marie-Laure de Taya, Marta Figueras-Dotti[193]
- 1983 , [194]
- 1984 [195]
- 1985 Marie-Laure de Taya[196]
- 1986 [197]
- 1987 , Karen Davies[198]
- 1988 [199]
- 1989 [200]
- 1990 Lisa Hackney, Kathryn Imrie, Martina Koch
- 1991 ,
- 1992
- 1993 Janice Moodie
- 1994
- 1995
- 1996
- 1997 Janice Moodie
- 1998 Karine Icher
- 1999 , Rebecca Hudson, Gwladys Nocera
- 2000 Rebecca Hudson,
- 2001 Rebecca Hudson[201]
- 2002 [202]
- 2003 Danielle Masters[203]
- 2004 [204]
- 2005 Louise Stahle[205]
- 2006 Azahara Muñoz[206]
- 2007 Carlota Ciganda[207]
- 2008 Caroline Hedwall[208]
- 2009 Carlota Ciganda, Azahara Muñoz[209]
- 2010 Caroline Hedwall[210]
- 2011 Camilla Hedberg[211]
- 2012 Céline Boutier, [212]
- 2013 Nanna Madsen, Su-Hyun Oh[213]
- 2014 Laetitia Beck[214]
- 2015 Leona Maguire[215]
- 2016 Leslie Cloots[216]
- 2017 [217]
- 2018 [218]
- 2019 [219]
- 2020 , , , , [220]
- 2021 [221]
Host courses[]
The Women's Amateur Championship has been played at the following courses, listed in order of number of tournaments hosted (as of 2021):
- 9 Royal County Down Golf Club, Royal Portrush Golf Club
- 6
- 5 Hunstanton Golf Club, Royal Troon Golf Club
- 4 Ganton Golf Club, Gullane Golf Club, Royal Lytham & St Annes Golf Club, St Andrews Links
- 3 Burnham & Berrow Golf Club, Carnoustie Golf Links, Royal Birkdale Golf Club, Royal Liverpool Golf Club, Royal Porthcawl Golf Club, Royal St George's Golf Club, Turnberry Golf Club
- 2 , Hillside Golf Club, Gleneagles, , Royal Cinque Ports Golf Club, Royal North Devon Golf Club, Saunton Golf Club, , Walton Heath Golf Club
- 1 Aberdovey Golf Club, , , Conwy Golf Club, , Dunbar Golf Club, , Formby Golf Club, , Kilmarnock (Barassie) Golf Club, , Lindrick Golf Club, Little Aston Golf Club, Nairn Golf Club, Newport Golf Club, North Berwick West Links, Notts (Hollinwell) Golf Club, Portmarnock Golf Club, , Portmarnock Golf Club, Portstewart Golf Club, Prestwick Golf Club, , Royal Ascot Golf Club, , Southport and Ainsdale Golf Club, Sunningdale Golf Club, , , Woodhall Spa Golf Club
Future sites[]
- 2022 - Hunstanton Golf Club[222]
References[]
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External links[]
- Women's major golf championships
- R&A championships
- Amateur golf tournaments in the United Kingdom
- 1893 establishments in England
- Recurring sporting events established in 1893
- Women's golf in the United Kingdom