The Wonderful Wizard of Oz (1910 film)

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The Wonderful Wizard of Oz
13-minute film clip
Directed byOtis Turner (unconfirmed)
Written byOtis Turner (unconfirmed)
Based onThe Wonderful Wizard of Oz
by L. Frank Baum
Produced byWilliam Selig
StarringBebe Daniels
Distributed bySelig Polyscope Company
Release date
  • March 24, 1910 (1910-03-24)
Running time
13 mins.
CountryUnited States
LanguagesSilent film
English intertitles

The Wonderful Wizard of Oz is a 1910 American silent fantasy film and the earliest surviving film version of L. Frank Baum's 1900 novel The Wonderful Wizard of Oz, made by the Selig Polyscope Company without Baum's direct input. It was created to fulfill a contractual obligation associated with Baum's personal bankruptcy caused by The Fairylogue and Radio-Plays,[1] from which it was once thought to have been derived. It was partly based on the 1902 stage musical The Wizard of Oz,[2] though much of the film deals with the Wicked Witch of the West, who does not appear in the musical.

Plot[]

Dorothy Gale (Bebe Daniels) and Imogene the Cow are chased by Hank the Mule, Dorothy runs to the cornfield, to realize that the family Scarecrow (Robert Leonard) is alive. They realize a cyclone is approaching; so they all hide in a haystack. Dorothy and Toto, Hank, Imogene, and the Scarecrow are all swept to the Land of Oz, where soldiers get scared away by the Witch Momba (Winifred Greenwood), who attacks the Wizard of Oz (Hobart Bosworth) due to his threat to her reign. As Dorothy plays with Toto, the good Witch Glinda (Olive Cox) changes Toto into a real protector. Dorothy then encounters the Cowardly Lion, and they encounter the Rusty Woodman and oil his joints. The youngsters meet Eureka the Cat; while the Witch kidnaps and imprisons the youngster children. Dorothy throws water on the Witch Momba, killing her and allowing the gang to rescue the poor animals. Dorothy and her friends arrive at the Emerald City. The citizens dance, and the Scarecrow reads a note that says the Wizard has declared him king, as the Wizard and Dorothy leave in a balloon.

Cast[]

The credits to the film list Hobart Bosworth, Eugenie Besserer, Robert Leonard, Bebe Daniels, Winifred Greenwood, Lillian Leighton and as the performers,[3] and Otis Turner as director.[4]

The cast list does not indicate which characters each credited actor portrayed. In his book Oz Before the Rainbow: L. Frank Baum's The Wonderful Wizard of Oz Stage and Screen to 1939, Oz scholar concludes that Daniels, who was eight or nine years old at the time of filming, played Dorothy, and that Bosworth and Leonard likely played the Scarecrow and Tin Woodman, respectively. He takes no position on the rest of the cast assignments.[3]

Michael Patrick Hearn has found ample evidence that both Turner and Daniels were in California at the time.[citation needed] At any rate, that Baum knew of Turner is confirmed by his spoofery of an "Otis Werner" in his Aunt Jane's Nieces Out West, a fictional account inspired by his optimism as an independent filmmaker.[citation needed]

Based on photographs, and assuming the cast list is correct, it appears that Cox is Glinda and Leighton is the servant who pulls out a list of Union rules. Besserer is most likely Momba, and Greenwood likely to be Aunt Em.[citation needed][original research?] There is quite a large cast before the camera, and it is unlikely that they will all ever be identified. Hearn emphasizes that this cast list is not contemporary with the film and may have no basis in fact.[citation needed]

Production history[]

The character Imogene the Cow did not appear in the novel. The cow was used as a replacement for Toto the dog in the stage musical. Many of the costumes and much of the make-up in this film, though notably, not of the Tin Woodman, resemble those used in the 1902 Broadway musical The Wizard of Oz. (None of the songs in the stage show, however, were used in the later MGM film which has become famous.) As is clear from the plot descriptions below, the presence of Eureka the kitten is drawn from the commingling of material from The Marvelous Land of Oz and Dorothy and the Wizard in Oz; Eureka appears in the latter novel.

Long thought to be culled from footage from The Fairylogue and Radio-Plays (a feature length stage and film show created and presented by Baum in 1908), this was proven not to be the case when the film was recovered. Although the only known Fairylogue film footage has decomposed (and the interactive nature of the presentation makes the discovery of another print unlikely), the slides, script, and production stills are available (and many have been reprinted in books and magazines) and clearly from another production, which emphasized material from Ozma of Oz that the descriptions of the Selig films imply was ignored. This film, and its sequels, were created in the wake of Baum's loss of the rights to The Wonderful Wizard of Oz and temporary licensing rights on The Marvelous Land of Oz and John Dough and the Cherub.

Other adaptations[]

The Wonderful Wizard of Oz was later followed by the sequels Dorothy and the Scarecrow in Oz, The Land of Oz, and John Dough and the Cherub, all 1910 and are all considered to be lost films. Other Oz silent films include The Patchwork Girl of Oz, The Magic Cloak of Oz, and His Majesty, the Scarecrow of Oz (all released in 1914) and The Wizard of Oz (1925).[5]

Sequels[]

The Selig Polyscope sequels are known only from their catalog descriptions, derived from press releases printed in The Moving Picture World:

Dorothy and the Scarecrow in Oz[]

Dorothy and the Scarecrow are now in the Emerald City. They have become friends with the Wizard, and together with the woodman, the cowardly lion, and several new creations equally delightful, they journey through Oz -- the earthquake -- and into the glass city. The Scarecrow is elated to think he is going to get his brains at last and be like other men are; the Tin-Woodman is bent upon getting a heart, and the cowardly lion pleads with the great Oz for courage. All these are granted by his Highness. Dorothy picks the princess. -- The Dangerous Mangaboos. -- Into the black pit, and out again. We then see Jim, the cab horse, and myriads of pleasant surprises that hold and fascinate.[6]

The Land of Oz[]

The Emerald City in all its splendor with all the familiar characters so dear to the hearts of children - Dorothy, the scarecrow, the woodman, the cowardly lion, and the wizard continuing on their triumphal entry to the mystic city, adding new characters, new situations, and scintillating comedy. Dorothy, who has so won her way into the good graces of lovers of fairy folk, finds new encounters in the rebellion army of General Jinger [sic] showing myriads of Leith soldiers in glittering apparel forming one surprise after the other, until the whole resolves itself into a spectacle worthy of the best artists in picturedom. Those who have followed the two preceding pictures of this great subject cannot but appreciate "The Land of Oz," the crowning effort of the Oz series.[7]

John Dough and the Cherub[]

No description of this film was given, but it does mention the name. It was unlikely to be considered a direct sequel, but is probably based on another L. Frank Baum novel, John Dough and the Cherub.

Home media[]

One of the films in the 3-disc boxed DVD set called More Treasures from American Film Archives (2004), compiled by the National Film Preservation Foundation from 5 American film archives. This film is preserved by George Eastman House, has a running time of 13 minutes and an added piano score adapted from Paul Tietjens's music from the 1902 stage play and performed by Martin Marks. It is also included in the 3-disc edition of the 1939 film version. On this edition, John Thomas performs a compilation of Oz-related music by Louis F. Gottschalk.

See also[]

References[]

  1. ^ Berman, Ruth (November 2003). "Review: The Wizardry of Oz". Science Fiction Studies. 30 (3): 504, 508.
  2. ^ Swartz, Mark Evan (2000). Oz Before the Rainbow: L. Frank Baum's The Wonderful Wizard of Oz on Stage and Screen to 1939. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 175, 184. ISBN 0801864771. In many ways the film went directly back to the novel for its inspiration and bypassed the narrative changes made for the 1902 stage adaptation. Still, the influence of the 1902 show could not be escaped.... Elements of the 1902 play are also apparent.... The marching guards and dancing courtiers of the Wizard's court almost seem to duplicate the choruses that surrounded the Wizard in the 1902 play.
  3. ^ a b Swartz, Mark Evan (2000). Oz Before the Rainbow: L. Frank Baum's The Wonderful Wizard of Oz on Stage and Screen to 1939. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 190. ISBN 0801864771. The published credits for the film list the performers as Hobart Bosworth, Eugenie Besserer, Robert Leonard, Bebe Daniels, Winifred Greenwood, Lillian Leighton and Olive Cox... Unfortunately, the cast list does not indicate who played what role.
  4. ^ Swartz, Mark Evan (2000). Oz Before the Rainbow: L. Frank Baum's The Wonderful Wizard of Oz on Stage and Screen to 1939. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 174. ISBN 0801864771. ...the credits for Selig's finished Wizard of Oz film, as published in the standard reference work American Film Index, 1908-1915, list Otis Turner as the director of the film... Assuming the published credits are correct, it is likely that Turner made a trip west to shoot The Wonderful Wizard of Oz.
  5. ^ Hogan, David J. (2014). The Wizard of Oz FAQ: All That's Left to Know About Life According to Oz. Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 9781480397200.
  6. ^ "Selig Polyscope Co: Dorothy and Scarecrow in Oz". Moving Picture World. 6 (14): 571. April 9, 1910.
  7. ^ "Selig Polyscope Co: The Land of Oz". Moving Picture World. 6 (20): 848. May 21, 1910.

External links[]

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