Thevar Magan

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Thevar Magan
Thevar Magan.jpg
Theatrical release poster
Directed byBharathan
Written byKamal Haasan
Produced byKamal Haasan
Starring
  • Sivaji Ganesan
  • Kamal Haasan
  • Revathi
  • Gautami
  • Nassar
CinematographyP. C. Sreeram
Edited byB. Lenin
V. T. Vijayan
Music byIlaiyaraaja
Production
company
Release date
  • 25 October 1992 (1992-10-25)
Running time
158 minutes[1]
CountryIndia
LanguageTamil

Thevar Magan (transl. Son of Thevar)[a] is a 1992 Indian Tamil-language drama film written and produced by Kamal Haasan, and directed by Bharathan. The film stars Sivaji Ganesan, Haasan, Revathi, Gautami and Nassar, with Kallapart Natarajan, Kaka Radhakrishnan, Sangili Murugan and Vadivelu in supporting roles. It revolves around a respected village chieftain's son who wants to open his own business, whereas his father wants him to help the villagers.

The script of Thevar Magan was completed in seven days; it was the first film written using a screenwriting software called "Movie Magic". Haasan acknowledged The Godfather (1972) and the Kannada film Kaadu (1973) as inspirations for the film. Cinematography was handled by P. C. Sreeram and editing by N. P. Satish. The film was predominantly shot in Pollachi, except for a few days at Madras and Ooty.

Thevar Magan was released on 25 October 1992, Diwali day, to critical acclaim and completed a 175-day run at the box office. It was chosen by India as its entry for the Best Foreign Language Film for the 65th Academy Awards, but was not nominated. The film won five National Film Awards, including Best Tamil Film, Best Supporting Actress for Revathi, and a Special Jury Award for Ganesan which he declined. It was later remade in Hindi as Virasat (1997) and in Kannada as Thandege Thakka Maga (2006).

Plot[]

Sakthivel returns home to his father Periya Thevar's village in the Madurai district after completing his education in London. Much to his father's annoyance, he brings his westernised girlfriend Bhanumathi with him to meet his family. Periya Thevar is deeply offended since it is a tradition that the family elders choose the youngster's spouses. To make things worse, Sakthi reveals his plans on opening a chain of restaurants in Madras, which saddens Periya Thevar as he wanted his son to help the villagers improve their lifestyle with his level of education.

Periya Thevar is a well-respected village chief. His younger half-brother Chinna Thevar and nephew Maya Thevar hold a grudge against him over a falling-out. The entire village suffers from a spillover of this long-standing family feud as most of the village and its surrounding areas that fall within its jurisdiction is divided between the brothers. Since Maya Thevar always tries to one-up Periya Thevar, it puts them at loggerheads with each other.

Sakthi spends time in the village with his girlfriend by revisiting his childhood memories. They come across an old temple which has been closed off on Maya Thevar's instructions. He insists on entering, and his friend and servant Isakki breaks open the lock for them to look around. Maya Thevar hears of this, and a brutal riot is started between the two village factions. Periya Thevar, in order to quell the situation, contemplates on apologising to his opponents. Sakthi feels that it should be him or Isakki who should apologise.

When Sakthi asks for Isakki, he learns that Maya Thevar has severed Esaki's arm as punishment for opening the temple. To prevent further escalation of the situation, Sakthi, with permission from Periya Thevar, enlists the help of his friends in the government, and opens the temple for all legally. Slighted by this, Maya Thevar hires goons to break a dam protecting a part of the village faction that supports Periya Thevar. Although one of the villagers spots one of the goons near the dam, he does not think much of it.

The dam is damaged by explosives used by the goons, which result in flooding of half of the village. This results in numerous deaths, including infants, which saddens Sakthi. He spots the goon who placed the explosives again in the village and gives chase. After capturing, he hands the goon over to the police, but the goon does not speak of Maya Thevar's involvement due to fear for his own family's safety.

Later Maya Thevar closes a portion of his land, preventing the public from reaching the main road easily. Sakthi and Periya Thevar invite them for talks at the village panchayat to resolve the standoff due to the riots and flooding. In the village panchayat, accusations fly from both sides. With no evidence backing up the truth, Maya Thevar accuses Periya Thevar of orchestrating various attacks on his brother's family. Disrespected and broken, Periya Thevar returns home and dies due to a heart attack later that night. Sakthi takes over his father's duties as the village chieftain.

As time passes, this incident dies down. The villagers express concern to Sakthi about going around the piece of land belonging to Maya Thevar's side of the village every day to work on their farm which causes a much longer travelling time. Sakthi reasons with the landowner Paramasivam to open it up for all villagers to pass so that their long commute is shortened. Although understanding and willing, Paramasivam, who is actually Maya Thevar's maternal uncle, is afraid of Maya Thevar's backlash, especially since he has a daughter named Panchavarnam. Sakthi assuages his fear by arranging the marriage between a well-to-do person from his village to Panchavarnam. Everybody involved happily agrees, and Paramasivam opens up the land for everyone.

On the day of the wedding, the groom runs away, fearing Maya Thevar. Paramasivam and Panchavarnam are distraught over this, claiming it is a huge disrespect to his family. He opines that even if someone marries his daughter, they have to live in constant fear. Sakthi then gets permission from Paramasivam and weds Panchavarnam. Although Sakthi still has feelings for Bhanu and Panchavarnam is very shy, they overcome their awkwardness and move on. Soon, Bhanu returns and learns the truth. Although saddened by the turn of events, she understands the situation and leaves. Sakthi too closes the chapter about Bhanu and starts his new life with Panchavarnam.

Maya Thevar, agitated by the land opening, plants a bomb during the village festival. This results in deaths on both sides of the village. Both factions of the village, wanting revenge, go after Maya Thevar and his family. Sakthi protects the innocent family and helps them get away from the villagers. Appreciative of Sakthi's efforts to protect them, they give away Maya Thevar's hiding location. Sakthi locates Maya Thevar and asks him to surrender to the police before the villagers kill him. Maya Thevar refuses due to his hatred for Sakthi. Maya Thevar, blaming Sakthi for all his problems, tries to kill him. In the ensuing struggle, Sakthi accidentally kills Maya Thevar. Although other villagers offer to take the blame for Maya Thevar's murder, Sakthi refuses and surrenders to the police.

Cast[]

  • Sivaji Ganesan as Periya Thevar
  • Kamal Haasan as Sakthivel (Sakthi)
  • Revathi as Panchavarnam
  • Gautami as Bhanumathi (Bhanu)
  • Nassar as Maya Thevar[3]
  • Kallapart Natarajan as Paramasivam[4]
  • Kaka Radhakrishnan as Chinna Thevar
  • Sangili Murugan as Kanakku[4]
  • Vadivelu as Isakki
  • Vijay as Sakthi's elder brother
  • S. N. Lakshmi as Maya Thevar's mother[5]
  • Ganthimathi as Lady in temple[4]
  • Prashanthi as Sakthi's sister-in-law[6]
  • Madhan Bob as the lawyer[7]
  • Ajay Rathnam as S. Maruthupandi[4]
  • Neelima as Maya Thevar's daughter[8]

Production[]

Development[]

In the 1980s, Muktha Srinivasan planned to direct a film based on The Godfather (1972) with Sivaji Ganesan and Kamal Haasan; however, the project was dropped after Haasan's then associate Ananthu felt that it would be a Ganesan-focused film, not a Haasan film.[9] Haasan later wrote a script (which eventually became the film Thevar Magan) in seven days, although he claimed that he was challenged to write it in 12.[10] The film was initially titled Nammavar before being retitled Thevar Magan.[11] Haasan also acknowledged it as being inspired by The Godfather and the Kannada film Kaadu (1973).[12][10] Given his lack of experience in directing, he approached Bharathan to direct Thevar Magan.[13]

According to Haasan, Thevar Magan was the first film which was written using a screenwriting software called "Movie Magic".[14] Lyricist Gangai Amaran claimed that in 2016, that he was supposed to direct a film titled Adhi Veerapandian starring Haasan, but music director Ilaiyaraaja advised Haasan against accepting the film, feeling that Amaran was "not a good filmmaker", and the film was shelved. Amaran recalled, "Kamal took the story of Adhi Veerapandian and remade it as Thevar Magan".[15] P. C. Sreeram and N. P. Satish took care of cinematography and editing respectively. Tirru worked as Sreeram's assistant and actor Tinku worked as assistant photographer respectively.[16][17]

Casting[]

Haasan has stated that the casting was done "against everyone else's suggestion".[10] In portraying the title character Sakthi, he wore colourful buttoned up shirts and jeans with medium size beard and mullet in the first half of the film. He sported a thick handlebar moustache and wore six yards of village dhoti for the part of village head.[18] Vadivelu, who played the character Isakki, recalled, "While shooting of Singaravelan, Kamal asked me to go to his Raaj Kamal office next morning and collect an advance payment for my role in his next film, Thevar Magan. But, I was not ready to wait until the next morning. So I went to his office the same evening after the shoot," and received a cheque of ₹5000.[19]

Meena was approached to play the character Panchavarnam, and she acted for a few days, but due to date issues, she was replaced by Revathi.[20][21] Gautami acted as Sakthi's initial lover Bhanu,[6] and her voice was dubbed by K. R. Anuradha.[22] Thalaivasal Vijay was cast as Sakthi's elder brother on Haasan's recommendation.[23] The unit had originally wanted to cast either Vijayakumar or S. S. Rajendran for the character of Periya Thevar, but Haasan approached Sivaji Ganesan who completed his portions within seven days.[24] Neelima portrayed the antagonist Maya Thevar's (Nassar) daughter, in her feature film debut.[25]

Filming[]

The film was predominantly shot at Pollachi in 75 days and for few days at Madras and Ooty.[24][26] The scenes were shot at a palatial bungalow situated at Singanallur.[27] Haasan has stated that the scene where a truck, with a cargo of steel rods jutting out, reverses and rams into a car in the film was initially written for Nayakan (1987), but could not be used there since producer Muktha Srinivasan would not let a car be demolished.[28] The concept of one temple having two locks was suggested by writer Kalaignanam, which Haasan liked and added.[13][24] Some scenes were shot at Mariamman Temple at Sulukkal, Pollachi.[29] Nassar filmed only seven scenes, of which only two were major.[30]

Themes and influences[]

Haasan has acknowledged to Thevar Magan being inspired by The Godfather and Kaadu,[12][10] with journalist S. Shiva Kumar saying he re-used The Godfather's "crucial emotional core of a reluctant son ascending a throne full of thorns".[31] Writing for Film Companion, Sedhupathy M. differentiated Sakthi from Michael Corleone (played by Al Pacino in The Godfather), saying that while Michael is forced to take up his father's mantle due to circumstances, "he doesn't think twice about it. He is perfectly at home in his father's world to make it his own. He quickly establishes his own authority. He doesn't have any fundamental qualms about the way the game is played," none of which is the case with Sakthi. He said Sakthi is "characterised by his stubborn refusal to ‘play the game’ he is expected to play, which is what defines him," which makes Thevar Magan "a very different film" from The Godfather with "very different concerns and ambitions".[32] Baradwaj Rangan said the screenplay by Haasan "uses small gestures to say a lot between the lines, without explaining everything in tiresome detail". He also said that Bhanu is frequently shown boarding and deboarding trains, establishing her status as an outsider.[3]

Soundtrack[]

Thevar Magan
Soundtrack album by
Ilaiyaraaja
Released1992
GenreFeature film soundtrack
Length32:33
LanguageTamil
LabelAVM Audio

The soundtrack was composed by Ilaiyaraaja, and the lyrics were written by Vaali.[33] It was released under the label AVM Audio.[34] Embar Kannan performed the violin portions.[35] The soundtrack had eight tracks with two alternatives. Haasan's daughter Shruti made her singing debut at the age of six with this film, singing one version of "Potri Paadadi Penne",[36][37] while the other version was sung by T. K. S. Kalaivanan and Mano. "Inji Iduppazhagi" is based on the Hindi song "Yeh Dil Deewana" composed by S. D. Burman for Ishq Par Zor Nahin (1970).[38] Haasan wanted Ilaiyaraaja to compose on the lines of the Hindi song, and Ilaiyaraaja completed the song within 10 minutes.[39] This track had two versions: a solo version sung by S. Janaki, who also sang the duet version with Haasan and Minmini. The song "Manamagale Manamagale" is set in the Carnatic raga known as Shuddha Saveri,[40] "Maasaru Ponne" is set in Mayamalavagowla,[41] and "Inji Iduppazhagi" is set in Jaunpuri.[42] It was later remixed by Smita in her album Kalakkal.[43] The original song was re-used in its self titled film.[44]

No.TitleSinger(s)Length
1."Potri Paadadi Penne" (Version 1)T. K. S. Kalaivanan, Mano4:57
2."Potri Paadadi Penne" (Version 2)Sivaji Ganesan, Shruti Haasan1:26
3."Sandhu Pottu"S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, Kamal Haasan5:10
4."Vaanam Thottu Pona"S. P. Balasubrahmanyam2:26
5."Vettaruva Thangi"S. P. Balasubrahmanyam2:38
6."Ada Puthiyathu Piranthadhu"Malaysia Vasudevan4:43
7."Inji Idupazhaga" (Solo)S. Janaki2:16
8."Inji Idupazhagi" (Duet)S. Janaki, Kamal Haasan, Minmini3:29
9."Manamagale Manamagale"Swarnalatha, Minmini, Sindhuja2:16
10."Masaru Ponnae Varuga"Minmini, Swarnalatha3:12
Total length:32:33

Release[]

Thevar Magan was released on 25 October 1992, Diwali day.[45] Although the film became controversial for identifying the Thevar community with glorified violence,[46][47] and faced competition from other Diwali releases such as Pandian, Raasukutti, Senthamizh Paattu,[48] Kaviya Thalaivan, Thirumathi Palanisamy, Thai Mozhi and Mangala Nayagan,[49] it was commercially successful and ran for 175 days, thereby becoming a silver jubilee film.[50] The silver jubilee celebration of the film was attended by Dilip Kumar.[51] The film was dubbed and released in Telugu under the title Kshatriya Putrudu (transl. Son of a warrior).[52] Although no print of Thevar Magan has survived, the film is still available on home video.[53]

Reception[]

The film received critical acclaim.[54] On 25 October 1992, The Indian Express said, "The formidable combination of Kamal Haasan and Sivaji Ganesan, the directorial talent of Bharathan, excellent cinematography of P. C. Sriram and music by the maestro [Ilaiyaraaja], have all gone into producing Thevar Magan."[55] The Tamil magazine Ananda Vikatan in its review dated 8 November 1992 appreciated the film and mentioned that its naturalism was greatly enhanced by equal opportunity given to all actors in the film. It rated the film 60 out of 100.[56] K. Vijiyan of New Sunday Times wrote "Devar Magan proved a satisfying experience at the cinema and well worth the wait".[6]

Accolades[]

The film was chosen by India as its entry for the Best Foreign Language Film for the 65th Academy Awards, but was not nominated.[57] The film was screened at the Toronto International Film Festival in 1994.[58] Ilaiyaraaja was a strong contender for the National Film Award for Best Music Direction, which he eventually lost to A. R. Rahman; the award was tied between Ilaiyaraaja and Rahman with eight votes each before the chairman of the jury Balu Mahendra, a close friend of Ilaiyaraaja, decided to vote in favour of Rahman.[59]

Award Date of ceremony[b] Category Nominee(s) Result Ref.
National Film Awards 5 May 1993 Best Feature Film in Tamil Kamal Haasan, Bharathan Won [60]
[61]
Best Supporting Actress Revathi Won
Best Female Playback Singer S. Janaki Won
Best Audiography N. Pandu Rangan Won
Special Jury Award – Actor Sivaji Ganesan (declined) Won
Tamil Nadu State Film Awards c. 1994 Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Film-(Second Prize) Kamal Haasan Won [24]
[62]
Best Actor Kamal Haasan Won
Best Choreographer Raghuram Won
Filmfare Awards South 13 October 1993 Best Actor – Tamil Kamal Haasan Won [63]
[64]
[65]
Best Actress – Tamil Revathi Won
Cinema Express Awards 14 June 1993 Best Film Kamal Haasan Won [66]
[65]
Best Actress Revathi Won
Film Fans Association  – Best Actress Revathi Won [65]

Remakes[]

Haasan initially planned to remake Thevar Magan in Hindi with Dilip Kumar reprising Ganesan's role. However, according to Haasan, Kumar found the theme "too violent" and refused to act in the remake.[67] Nevertheless, Priyadarshan directed the Hindi remake Virasat (1997).[68] The film was also remade in Kannada as Thandege Thakka Maga (2006) by S. Mahendar.[69]

Legacy[]

Thevar Magan attained cult status in Tamil cinema.[70][71] Rajan Krishnan, PhD scholar in Film Studies from Columbia University, said "it was Kamal Hassan who brought that sickle bearing genre". He added, "I would like to propose that it is a Kamal Hassan film of high authenticity markers called Thevar Magan that can be said to have inaugurated the era of the south being represented as primarily a sickle bearing space".[72][73] Stalin Rajangam, writer, who has extensively written on the ‘caste component and narrative structures of Tamil films concurred, saying that "Thevar Magan was first of its kind with stronger idioms of caste and glorification of caste-based practices".[72] Tamil writer S. Ramakrishnan said that Thevar Magan captured "the very essence of the south Tamil Nadu's rural culture".[74] Vadivelu considered the film a "turning point" in his career.[75]

Directors N. Lingusamy,[76] Mysskin,[77] Gautham Menon,[78] and S. J. Suryah called Thevar Magan one of their favourite films.[79] Gauthami too listed it as her one of her favourite films.[80] Sify in its review of Sandakozhi (2005) compared Rajkiran's character with Ganesan's character from Thevar Magan.[81] The magazine South Scope included Haasan's performance in the film in its list of "Kamal's best performances" in its July 2010 edition.[18] Silverscreen in its review of Vetrivel (2016) called the film "pretty much an unsophisticated copy of Thevar Magan".[82]

The song "Potri Paadadi" is listed by The Hindu among lyricist Vaali's songs in the list "Best of Vaali: From 1964 – 2013".[83] The same song was ranked by Rediff alongside "Madhavi Pon Mayilaal" from Iru Malargal (1967) and "Andha Naal Gnabagam" from Uyarndha Manithan (1968).[84]

On Haasan's birthday, 7 November 2015, Latha Srinivasan of Daily News and Analysis considered Thevar Magan to be one of the "films you must watch to grasp the breadth of Kamal Haasan's repertoire".[85] The scene where Kamal's character take over his father's duty as village head was included by Behindwoods in its list "Top 20 Mass Scenes" and also in another list named "10 Mass Interval Blocks".[86][87]

See also[]

Notes[]

  1. ^ The Mukkulathor people, who are also collectively known as Thevar, are native to the central and southern districts of Tamil Nadu, According to R. Muthulakshmi, Thevar literally means "celestial beings or divine-natured people".[2]
  2. ^ Date is linked to the article about the awards held that year, wherever possible.

References[]

  1. ^ Rajadhyaksha & Willemen 1998, p. 511.
  2. ^ Muthulakshmi 1997, pp. 11–13.
  3. ^ Jump up to: a b "Watch: Film critic Baradwaj Rangan on why Kamal's 'Thevar Magan' remains a classic 25 yrs later". The News Minute. 19 October 2017. Archived from the original on 28 July 2020. Retrieved 28 July 2020.
  4. ^ Jump up to: a b c d "Thevar Magan (1992) – Bharathan | Cast & Crew". AllMovie. Archived from the original on 4 July 2020. Retrieved 4 July 2020.
  5. ^ "Courage goaded her on ..." The Hindu. 28 May 2010. Archived from the original on 5 July 2020. Retrieved 3 July 2020.
  6. ^ Jump up to: a b c Vijiyan, K. (9 November 1992). "Sivaji and Kamal make this movie worth waiting for". New Sunday Times. p. 29.
  7. ^ "The smile, a gift from my dad: Madhan Bob". Iflicks. 12 November 2018. Archived from the original on 3 July 2020. Retrieved 4 July 2020.
  8. ^ ஆனந்தராஜ், கு. (14 June 2017). "கமல் சார் கழுத்துல அருவாளை வெச்சப்போ...!″ நீலிமா ராணி ஃப்ளாஷ்பேக்". Ananda Vikatan (in Tamil). Archived from the original on 4 July 2020. Retrieved 4 July 2020.
  9. ^ Srinivasan, Muktha V. (28 October 2012). "Living in past glory". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 17 October 2015. Retrieved 23 October 2015.
  10. ^ Jump up to: a b c d Haasan, Kamal. "Bollywood blockbuster to Kollywood classic: Kamal Haasan picks his 70 favourite movies". Hindustan Times. Archived from the original on 16 September 2017. Retrieved 25 September 2017.
  11. ^ "Kamal's new ventures". The Hindu. 11 March 2004. Archived from the original on 25 September 2017. Retrieved 25 September 2017.
  12. ^ Jump up to: a b "Was 'Nayakan' inspired by 'The Godfather'?". Daily News & Analysis. 16 November 2013. Archived from the original on 25 September 2017. Retrieved 25 September 2017.
  13. ^ Jump up to: a b "காலம் கடந்து நிற்கும் 'தேவர் மகன்' – வெள்ளி விழா ஆண்டு சிறப்பு கட்டுரை". NDTV (in Tamil). 25 October 2017. Archived from the original on 4 July 2020. Retrieved 6 August 2020.
  14. ^ Kamath, Sudhish (28 May 2009). "Writing for celluloid". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 3 December 2013. Retrieved 12 September 2015.
  15. ^ "Gangai Amaren lashes out at Ilaiyaraaja and Kamal Haasan". Deccan Chronicle. 23 June 2016. Archived from the original on 23 June 2016. Retrieved 20 July 2016.
  16. ^ "Realistic frames". The Hindu. 6 July 2007. Archived from the original on 26 February 2018. Retrieved 3 July 2020.
  17. ^ "A 'Master' returns". The Hindu. 29 November 2007. Archived from the original on 5 July 2020. Retrieved 3 July 2020.
  18. ^ Jump up to: a b Southscope 2010, p. 52.
  19. ^ "When Vadivelu's overacting caught Sivaji Ganesan and Kamal Haasan off-guard". The Indian Express. 19 November 2019. Retrieved 5 July 2020.
  20. ^ "Did You Know?". The Times of India. 1 June 2016. Archived from the original on 3 June 2016. Retrieved 3 June 2016.
  21. ^ Rangarajan, Malathi (14 October 2005). "Diva in the drawing room". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 5 July 2020. Retrieved 3 July 2020.
  22. ^ Lakshmi, K. (11 January 2009). "They act in front of the mike at work". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 17 October 2019. Retrieved 3 July 2020.
  23. ^ Rangarajan, Malathi (18 January 2008). "Happy times of a veteran". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 3 July 2020. Retrieved 3 July 2020.
  24. ^ Jump up to: a b c d Dhananjayan 2014, p. 325.
  25. ^ Kumar, S. R. Ashok (7 January 2010). "My First Break: Neelima". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 5 July 2020. Retrieved 5 July 2020.
  26. ^ Jeshi, K.; Rao, Subha K. (6 June 2014). "Creating a scene". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 27 June 2014. Retrieved 12 September 2015.
  27. ^ Vanavarayar, Shankar (30 September 2006). "A perfect backdrop". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 3 July 2020. Retrieved 3 July 2020.
  28. ^ Haasan, Kamal (20 October 2012). "'Of course Velu Nayakan doesn't dance'". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 12 June 2013. Retrieved 12 September 2015.
  29. ^ "Sulakkal Mariamman temple". Where Was It Shot. Archived from the original on 22 December 2015. Retrieved 18 December 2015.
  30. ^ "Interview with Actor Naser". Tamil Movie Cafe. Archived from the original on 2 July 2001. Retrieved 17 December 2020.
  31. ^ Shiva Kumar, S. (6 March 2014). "The age of remakes". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 27 November 2014. Retrieved 26 November 2016.
  32. ^ Sedhupathy, M. (12 August 2019). "Understanding The Climax Of Thevar Magan And Why Michael Corleone And Sakthivel Thevar Are Very Different People". Film Companion. Retrieved 19 July 2020.
  33. ^ "Devar Magan (1992)". Raaga.com. Archived from the original on 25 August 2015. Retrieved 14 October 2015.
  34. ^ "Devar Mahan". AV Digital. Retrieved 18 October 2020.
  35. ^ Krupa, Lakshmi (24 March 2013). "From kutcheris to recording studios". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 10 October 2015. Retrieved 12 September 2015.
  36. ^ Ittyipe, Minu (7 March 2008). "It's the genes at play". India Today. Archived from the original on 16 August 2015. Retrieved 19 October 2015.
  37. ^ Kumar, Pradeep (1 July 2018). "Kamal Haasan trolled over daughter Shruti's 'I am Iyengar' video; actor asked to start reform at home". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 17 December 2020. Retrieved 17 December 2020.
  38. ^ "When Ilaiyaraaja was inspired by S D Burman". The Times of India. 28 July 2012. Archived from the original on 1 May 2016. Retrieved 12 September 2015.
  39. ^ Rangan, Baradwaj (4 September 2014). "And more on the Ilaiyaraaja connection". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 24 May 2015. Retrieved 3 July 2020.
  40. ^ Srinivasan, Anil (1 June 2013). "The King and I". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 12 September 2013. Retrieved 12 September 2015.
  41. ^ Mani, Charulatha (11 November 2011). "A Raga's Journey – The magic of Mayamalavagowla". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 21 November 2014. Retrieved 12 September 2015.
  42. ^ "Jaunty Jonpuri". The Hindu. 12 May 2012. Archived from the original on 3 July 2020. Retrieved 3 July 2020.
  43. ^ Frederick, Prince (29 December 2004). "'Kalakal' remix". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 22 October 2017. Retrieved 12 September 2015.
  44. ^ "Kamal and Revathy to appear in Arya-Anushka starrer 'Inji Idupazhagi'". IndiaGlitz. 1 September 2015. Archived from the original on 5 October 2015. Retrieved 29 September 2015.
  45. ^ "தேவர் மகன்". Dinakaran (in Tamil). 25 October 1992. p. 12.
  46. ^ Nambath, Suresh (28 December 2003). "The politics of art". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 5 July 2020. Retrieved 4 July 2020.
  47. ^ "Kamal Haasan and controversy". The Hindu. 29 January 2013. Archived from the original on 29 June 2013. Retrieved 4 July 2020.
  48. ^ Prasad, Ayyappa (30 October 1992). "Of film gods, devotees and the rage". The Indian Express. p. 7.
  49. ^ Prasad, Ayyappa (23 October 1992). "Thrilling but lacks punch". The Indian Express. p. 7. Archived from the original on 27 June 2020. Retrieved 13 September 2019.
  50. ^ செல்வராஜ், என். (20 March 2017). "வெள்ளி விழா கண்ட தமிழ் திரைப்படங்கள் – திண்ணை". Thinnai (in Tamil). Archived from the original on 29 March 2017. Retrieved 25 January 2020.
  51. ^ Kumar, Dilip (2014). Dilip Kumar: The Substance and the Shadow. Hay House. ISBN 978-9381398968. I also recall his presence at the distribution of the trophies on the silver jubilee run of Thevar Magan.
  52. ^ "Romancing to Rajaa's tune". The Hans India. 13 December 2015. Archived from the original on 25 January 2020. Retrieved 25 January 2020.
  53. ^ "Lenin Award for Archivist PK Nair". The New Indian Express. 17 August 2015. Archived from the original on 15 November 2015. Retrieved 25 October 2015.
  54. ^ Roychoudhury, Shibaji (4 December 2018). "Kamal Haasan does it again! Announces his retirement from acting for the third time". Times Now. Archived from the original on 14 April 2019. Retrieved 25 January 2020.
  55. ^ Prasad, Ayyappa (25 October 1992). "Thevars, troubles and truce". The Indian Express. p. 7.
  56. ^ "சினிமா விமர்சனம்: தேவர் மகன்" [Movie Review: Thevar Magan]. Ananda Vikatan (in Tamil). 8 November 1992.
  57. ^ Marx, Andy (2 December 1992). "Foreign Oscar entries submitted". Variety. Archived from the original on 23 September 2015. Retrieved 20 September 2015.
  58. ^ Jain, Ajit (16 September 1994). "27 Indian Films in Toronto Cinema Gala". India Abroad. Archived from the original on 25 February 2016. Retrieved 1 June 2012.
  59. ^ Mathai 2009, pp. 99–100.
  60. ^ "40th National Film Festival" (PDF). Directorate of Film Festivals. Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 March 2016. Retrieved 2 March 2012.
  61. ^ Jeyaraj, D. B. S. (7 August 2014). "Sivaji Ganesan: Tamil cinema's versatile actor par excellence". DBSJeyaraj.com. Archived from the original on 8 August 2014. Retrieved 3 July 2020.
  62. ^ "Film city to be ready soon: Jaya". The Indian Express. 19 January 1994. p. 3.
  63. ^ Dave, Kajol (20 July 2013). "Filmfare trivia: Kamal Haasan". Filmfare. Retrieved 5 July 2020.
  64. ^ Data India. Press Institute of India. 1993. p. 864.
  65. ^ Jump up to: a b c "Revathy – My Awards". revathy.com. Archived from the original on 2 October 2011. Retrieved 23 October 2011.
  66. ^ "Cinema Express Awards". The Indian Express. 17 March 1993. p. 4.
  67. ^ Jha, Subhash K (11 December 2015). "'Best actor this country has produced': Kamal Haasan remembers Dilip Kumar on his 93th birthday". Firstpost. Archived from the original on 13 December 2015. Retrieved 11 December 2015.
  68. ^ Soman, Deepa (23 November 2013). "Mollywood directors forays into Bollywood". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 18 April 2015. Retrieved 12 September 2015.
  69. ^ "Not a patch on the original". The Hindu. 2 April 2006. Archived from the original on 15 January 2015. Retrieved 12 September 2015.
  70. ^ "'Thevar Magan' – 'Thevar Magan' to 'Paruthiveeran': Six best rural cinema you need to watch". The Times of India. Retrieved 24 April 2020.
  71. ^ "Kamal announces 'Thevar Magan 2'". The Hindu. 15 October 2018. Archived from the original on 5 July 2020. Retrieved 24 April 2020.
  72. ^ Jump up to: a b Karthikeyan, D. (2 May 2011). "'Madurai formula' films and social realities". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 22 July 2016. Retrieved 12 September 2015.
  73. ^ Velayutham 2008, p. 151.
  74. ^ "Kamal never gives into mediocrity". The Hindu. 1 September 2009. Archived from the original on 3 July 2020. Retrieved 3 July 2020.
  75. ^ Ashok Kumar, S.R. (10 November 2005). "Devar Magan a turning point in my career". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 28 September 2014. Retrieved 12 September 2015.
  76. ^ Naig, Udhav (5 June 2013). "Life takes a colourful turn". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 14 June 2013. Retrieved 4 July 2020.
  77. ^ "Upbeat spirit". The Hindu. 28 August 2009. Archived from the original on 26 February 2018. Retrieved 4 July 2020.
  78. ^ Menon, Gautham (8 February 2008). "Why I like... Nayakan". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 26 February 2018. Retrieved 4 July 2020.
  79. ^ "My Inspirations: SJ Suryah". Silverscreen.in. 28 July 2016. Archived from the original on 31 July 2016. Retrieved 12 August 2016.
  80. ^ "Grill mill – Gouthami". The Hindu. 23 January 2010. Archived from the original on 5 July 2020. Retrieved 4 July 2020.
  81. ^ "Review: Sandakozhi". Sify. 16 December 2005. Archived from the original on 4 July 2020. Retrieved 4 July 2020.
  82. ^ "Vetrivel Review: (Melo)dramatic". Silverscreen.in. 23 April 2016. Archived from the original on 25 April 2016. Retrieved 30 April 2016.
  83. ^ "Best of Vaali: From 1964 – 2013". The Hindu. 19 July 2013. Archived from the original on 31 July 2017. Retrieved 12 September 2015.
  84. ^ Sathiya Moorthy, N. (22 July 2013). "Remembering Vaali". Rediff.com. Archived from the original on 17 May 2015. Retrieved 17 May 2015.
  85. ^ Srinivasan, Latha (7 November 2015). "Birthday special: Films you must watch to grasp Kamal Haasan's repertoire". Daily News & Analysis. Archived from the original on 28 March 2016. Retrieved 11 April 2016.
  86. ^ "5. Devar Magan – Top 20 Mass Scenes". Behindwoods. Archived from the original on 29 April 2015. Retrieved 12 September 2015.
  87. ^ "Thevar Magan – 10 Mass Interval Blocks". Behindwoods. Archived from the original on 22 December 2015. Retrieved 18 December 2015.

Bibliography[]

External links[]

Retrieved from ""