Timeline of discovery of Solar System planets and their moons
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The timeline of discovery of Solar System planets and their natural satellites charts the progress of the discovery of new bodies over history. Each object is listed in chronological order of its discovery (multiple dates occur when the moments of imaging, observation, and publication differ), identified through its various designations (including temporary and permanent schemes), and the discoverer(s) listed.
Historically the naming of moons did not always match the times of their discovery. Traditionally, the discoverer enjoys the privilege of naming the new object; however, some neglected to do so (E. E. Barnard stated he would "defer any suggestions as to a name" [for Amalthea] "until a later paper"[1] but never got around to picking one from the numerous suggestions he received) or actively declined (S. B. Nicholson stated "Many have asked what the new satellites [Lysithea and Carme] are to be named. They will be known only by the numbers X and XI, written in Roman numerals, and usually prefixed by the letter J to identify them with Jupiter."[2]). The issue arose nearly as soon as planetary satellites were discovered: Galileo referred to the four main satellites of Jupiter using numbers while the names suggested by his rival Simon Marius gradually gained universal acceptance. The International Astronomical Union (IAU) eventually started officially approving names in the late 1970s.
Key info[]
In the following tables, planetary satellites are indicated in bold type (e.g. Moon) while planets and dwarf planets, which directly circle the Sun, are in italic type (e.g. Earth). The Sun itself is indicated in roman type. The tables are sorted by publication/announcement date. Dates are annotated with the following symbols:
- i: for date of first imaging (photography, etc.);
- o: for date of first human visual observation, either through telescope or on photographic plate;
- p: for date of announcement or publication.
In a few cases, the date is uncertain and is then marked "(?)".
* Note: Moons marked by an asterisk (*) had complicated discoveries. Some took years to be confirmed, and in several cases were actually lost and rediscovered. Others were found in Voyager photographs years after they were taken.
- Color legend
The planets and their natural satellites are marked in the following colors:
Mercury
Venus
Earth and satellite
Mars and satellites
Jupiter and satellites
Saturn and satellites
Uranus and satellites
Neptune and satellites
|
Ceres
Pluto and satellites
Haumea and satellites
Makemake and satellite
Eris and satellite
|
- Designations
- Other designations are synonyms or periphrases sometimes encountered for the object.
- Permanent designations (of planetary satellites) are explained here.
- Temporary designations are explained here.
Prehistorically discovered[]
Prehistory | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Name | Image | Other designation | Notes | |
Sun | Star | In the geocentric model, developed in Ancient Greece, then standardized by Ptolemy in the 2nd century, the Earth was believed to be at the center of the cosmos. Seven planets were placed in orbit around it in an order of increasing distance from the Earth, as established by the Greek Stoics: the Moon, Mercury, Venus, the Sun, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn. This list included two objects, the Sun and the Moon, which are now known not to be planets. In the 5th century BCE the Greek philosophers Philolaus and Hicetas speculated separately that the Earth was a sphere revolving daily around some mystical "central fire" that regulated the universe. Anaxagoras proposed that the Sun is a star around 450 BCE. In the 3rd century BCE, Aristarchus of Samos extended this idea by proposing that the Earth and other planets moved around a definite central object, which he believed to be the Sun though this was not widely accepted until the 17th century and not proven conclusively until the 19th.[3] | ||
Earth | 3rd Planet | Earth is the third planet from the Sun and the subject of historical misconception for centuries.[4][5] Earth was never formally 'discovered' because it was never an unrecognized entity by humans. However, its shared identity with other bodies as a "planet" is a historically recent discovery.
The Earth's position in the Solar System was correctly described in the heliocentric model proposed by Aristarchus of Samos.[6] | ||
Mercury | 1st Planet | Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn were identified by ancient Babylonian astronomers in the 2nd millennium BC.[7] They were also identified by Aristarchus of Samos, and later in Nicolaus Copernicus' heliocentric system[8] (De Revolutionibus Orbium Coelestium, 1543) | ||
Venus | 2nd Planet | |||
Mars | 4th Planet | |||
Jupiter | 5th Planet | |||
Saturn | 6th Planet | |||
Moon | Earth I | In the Copernican system, the Moon was considered to be no longer a planet but a natural satellite of the Earth, and was originally thought to be the only body in that system whose revolution was not centered on the Sun. |
17th century[]
17th century | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Date | Name | Image | Permanent designation | Discoverer(s) and notes | |
1610s | |||||
o: 7 January 1610 p: 13 March 1610 |
Ganymede | Jupiter III | Galileo[9][10] discovered the Galilean moons. These satellites were the first celestial objects that were confirmed to orbit an object other than the Sun or Earth. Galileo saw Io and Europa as a single point of light on 7 January 1610; they were seen as separate bodies the following night.[11] | ||
Callisto | Jupiter IV | ||||
o: 8 January 1610 p: 13 March 1610 |
Io | Jupiter I | |||
Europa | Jupiter II | ||||
1650s | |||||
o: 25 March 1655 p: 5 March 1656 |
Titan | Saturn VI Saturn II (1673–1684), Saturn IV (1686–1789) |
Huygens[12] first "published" his discovery as an anagram, sent out on 13 June 1655; later published in pamphlet form as De Saturni luna Observatio Nova and in full in Systema Saturnium[13] (July 1659). | ||
1670s | |||||
o: 25 October 1671 p: 1673 |
Iapetus | Saturn VIII Saturn III (1673–1684), Saturn V (1686–1789), Saturn VII (1789–1848) |
Cassini[14] | ||
o: 23 December 1672 p: 1673 |
Rhea | Saturn V Saturn I (1673–1684), Saturn III (1686–1789) | |||
1680s | |||||
o: 21 March 1684 p: 22 April 1686 |
Tethys | Saturn III Saturn I (1686–1789) |
Cassini.[15]
Together with his previous two discoveries, Cassini named these satellites Sidera Lodoicea. In his work Kosmotheôros[16] (published posthumously in 1698), Christiaan Huygens relates "Jupiter you see has his four, and Saturn his five Moons about him, all plac’d in their Orbits." | ||
Dione | Saturn IV Saturn II (1686–1789) | ||||
Date | Name | Image | Permanent designation | Discoverer(s) and notes |
18th century[]
18th century | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Date | Name | Image | Other/Permanent designation | Discoverer(s) and notes |
1780s | ||||
o: March 13, 1781 p: April 26, 1781 |
Uranus | 7th Planet | Herschel first reported the discovery of Uranus on April 26, 1781, initially believing it to be a comet.[17] | |
o: January 11, 1787 p: February 15, 1787 |
Titania | Uranus III | Herschel.[18][19] He later reported four more spurious satellites.[20] | |
Oberon | Uranus IV | |||
o: August 28, 1789[21] p: November 12, 1789 |
Enceladus | Saturn II | Herschel[22] | |
o: September 17, 1789 p: November 12, 1789 |
Mimas | Saturn I | ||
Date | Name | Image | Other/Permanent designation | Discoverer(s) and notes |
19th century[]
19th century | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Date | Name | Image | Other/Permanent designation | Discoverer(s) and notes |
1800s | ||||
o: January 1, 1801 p: January 24, 1801 |
Ceres | 8th Planet (1801) Asteroid (1851) Dwarf planet (2006) |
Giuseppe Piazzi. He first announced his discovery on January 24, 1801, in letters to fellow astronomers.[23] The first formal publication was the September 1801 issue of the Monatliche Correspondenz.[24] | |
1840s | ||||
o: September 23, 1846 p: November 13, 1846 |
Neptune | 13th Planet (1846)[a] 8th Planet (1851) |
Galle and Le Verrier[25][26] | |
o: October 10, 1846 p: November 13, 1846 |
Triton | Neptune I | Lassell[27] | |
o: September 16, 1848 p: October 7, 1848 |
Hyperion | Saturn VII | Bond, Bond,[28] Lassell[29] | |
1850s | ||||
o: October 24, 1851 | Ariel | Uranus I | Lassell[30] | |
Umbriel | Uranus II | |||
1870s | ||||
o: August 12, 1877 | Deimos | Mars II | Hall[31][32][33] | |
o: August 18, 1877 | Phobos | Mars I | ||
1890s | ||||
o: September 9, 1892 p: October 4, 1892 |
Amalthea | Jupiter V | Barnard[1][34] | |
i: August 16, 1898 o: March 17, 1899 |
Phoebe | Saturn IX | Pickering[35][36] | |
Date | Name | Image | Other/Permanent designation | Discoverer(s) and notes |
- ^ At the time of Neptune's discovery, dwarf planet Ceres and asteroids Pallas, Juno, Vesta, and Astraea were counted as planets.
20th century[]
1901–1950[]
Early 20th century | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Date | Name | Image | Permanent designation | Discoverer(s) and notes |
1900s | ||||
i: December 3, 1904 p: January 6, 1905 |
Himalia | Jupiter VI | Perrine[34][37][38] | |
i: January 2, 1905 p: February 27, 1905 |
Elara | Jupiter VII | Perrine[34][38][39] | |
i: January 27, 1908 o: February 28, 1908 p: March 1–6, 1908 |
Pasiphae | Jupiter VIII | Melotte[34][40][41] | |
1910s | ||||
i: July 21, 1914 p: September 17, 1914 |
Sinope | Jupiter IX | Nicholson[34][42] | |
1930s | ||||
i: January 23, 1930 o: February 18, 1930 p: March 13, 1930 |
Pluto | 9th Planet (1930) Dwarf planet (2006) |
Tombaugh[43] | |
i: July 6, 1938 p: August 1938 |
Lysithea | Jupiter X | Nicholson[34][44] | |
i: July 30, 1938 p: August 1938 |
Carme | Jupiter XI | ||
1940s | ||||
i: February 16, 1948 p: June 1949 |
Miranda | Uranus V | Kuiper[34][45] | |
i: May 1, 1949 p: August 1949 |
Nereid | Neptune II | Kuiper[34][46][47] | |
Date | Name | Image | Permanent designation | Discoverer(s) and notes |
1951–2000[]
Late 20th century | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Date | Name | Temporary Designation | Image | Permanent Designation | Discoverer(s) and notes |
1950s | |||||
i: September 28, 1951 p: December 1951 |
Ananke | — | Jupiter XII | Nicholson[48][49] | |
1960s | |||||
i: December 15, 1966 p: January 3, 1967 |
Janus* | S/1966 S 2 | Saturn X | Dollfus[48][50][51][52][53] (Dollfus may have seen either Janus or Epimetheus) | |
i: December 18, 1966 p: January 6, 1967 |
Epimetheus* | S/1980 S 3 | Saturn XI | [48][54] | |
1970s | |||||
i: September 11, 1974 p: September 20, 1974 |
Leda | — | — | Jupiter XIII | Kowal[34][55] |
i: September 30, 1975 p: October 3, 1975 |
Themisto* | S/1975 J 1 | Jupiter XVIII | Kowal[34][56] (Discovered and then lost) | |
i: April 13, 1978 o: June 22, 1978 |
Charon | S/1978 P 1 | Pluto I | Christy[57][58] | |
i: July 8, 1979 p: November 23, 1979 |
Adrastea | S/1979 J 1 | Jupiter XV | Jewitt, , Voyager 2[51][59][60][61][62][63] | |
1980s | |||||
Date | Name | Temporary designation | Image | Permanent designation | Discoverer(s) and notes |
i: February 26, 1980 p: March 6, 1980 |
Epimetheus* | S/1980 S 3 | Saturn XI | [48][53][64][65][66][67] (Confirmed by Voyager 1) | |
i: March 1, 1980 p: March 6, 1980 |
Helene | S/1980 S 6 | Saturn XII | , [34][64][65][66][67] | |
i: April 8, 1980 p: April 10, 1980 |
Telesto | S/1980 S 13 | Saturn XIII | Smith, Reitsema, Larson, , Voyager 1[48][67][68] | |
i: March 5, 1979 p: April 28, 1980 |
Thebe | S/1979 J 2 | Jupiter XIV | Synnott, Voyager 1[48][60][61] | |
i: February 19, 1980 p: June 6, 1980 |
Janus* | S/1980 S 1 | Saturn X | [51][53][65][66][67] (Confirmed by Voyager 1) | |
i: March 13, 1980 p: July 31, 1980 |
Calypso | S/1980 S 25 | Saturn XIV | , , Baum, [48][66][67] | |
i:March 4, 1979 p: August 26, 1980 |
Metis | S/1979 J 3 | Jupiter XVI | Synnott, Voyager 1[48][61] | |
o: October 1980 p: October 31, 1980 |
Prometheus | S/1980 S 27 | Saturn XVI | , Voyager 1[69] | |
Pandora | S/1980 S 26 | Saturn XVII | , Voyager 1[34][69] | ||
o: October 1980 p: November 13, 1980 |
Atlas | S/1980 S 28 | Saturn XV | Terrile, Voyager 1[48][70] | |
i: May 24, 1981 p: May 29, 1981 |
Larissa* | S/1981 N 1 S/1989 N 2 |
Neptune VII | Reitsema, , , Tholen, Voyager 2[34][71][72] | |
i: December 30, 1985 p: January 9, 1986 |
Puck | S/1985 U 1 | Uranus XV | Synnott, Voyager 2[34][73] | |
i: January 3, 1986 p: January 16, 1986 |
Juliet | S/1986 U 2 | Uranus XI | Synnott, Voyager 2[34][74][75] | |
Portia | S/1986 U 1 | Uranus XII | |||
i: January 9, 1986 p: January 16, 1986 |
Cressida | S/1986 U 3 | Uranus IX | ||
i: January 13, 1986 p: January 16, 1986 |
Desdemona | S/1986 U 6 | Uranus X | ||
Rosalind | S/1986 U 4 | Uranus XIII | |||
Belinda | S/1986 U 5 | Uranus XIV | |||
i: January 20, 1986 p: January 27, 1986 |
Cordelia | S/1986 U 7 | Uranus VI | Terrile, Voyager 2[34][76] | |
Ophelia | S/1986 U 8 | Uranus VII | |||
i: January 23, 1986 p: January 27, 1986 |
Bianca | S/1986 U 9 | Uranus VIII | Smith, Voyager 2[34][76] | |
i: June 16, 1989 p: July 7, 1989 |
Proteus | S/1989 N 1 | Neptune VIII | Synnott, Voyager 2[34][77] | |
i: July 28, 1989 p: August 2, 1989 |
Despina | S/1989 N 3 | Neptune V | Synnott, Voyager 2[34][72] | |
Galatea | S/1989 N 4 | Neptune VI | |||
i: September 18, 1989 p: September 29, 1989 |
Thalassa | S/1989 N 5 | Neptune IV | Terrile, Voyager 2[34][78] | |
Naiad | S/1989 N 6 | Neptune III | |||
1990s | |||||
Date | Name | Temporary designation | Image | Permanent designation | Discoverer(s) and notes |
i: August 22, 1981 p: July 16, 1990 |
Pan* | S/1981 S 13 | Saturn XVIII | Showalter, Voyager 2[34][79] | |
i: August 23, 1981 p: April 14, 1995 |
Pallene* (see below) |
S/1981 S 14 | Saturn XXXIII | , and Beurle[34][80][81] | |
i: September 6, 1997 p: October 31, 1997 |
Caliban | S/1997 U 1 | Uranus XVI | Gladman, Nicholson, Burns, Kavelaars[34][82] | |
Sycorax | S/1997 U 2 | Uranus XVII | Gladman, Nicholson, Burns, Kavelaars[82] | ||
i: January 18, 1986 p: May 18, 1999 |
Perdita* | S/1986 U 10 | Uranus XXV | Karkoschka, Voyager 2[34][83] | |
i: July 18, 1999 p: July 27, 1999 |
Setebos | S/1999 U 1 | — | Uranus XIX | Kavelaars, Gladman, Holman, Petit, Scholl[34][84] |
Stephano | S/1999 U 2 | — | Uranus XX | Gladman, Holman, Kavelaars, Petit, Scholl[34][84] | |
i: July 18, 1999 p: September 4, 1999 |
Prospero | S/1999 U 3 | Uranus XVIII | Holman, Kavelaars, Gladman, Petit, Scholl[34][85] | |
2000s | |||||
Date | Name | Temporary designation | Image | Permanent designation | Discoverer(s) and notes |
i: October 6, 1999 p: July 20, 2000 |
Callirrhoe | S/1999 J 1 | Jupiter XVII | Scotti, Spahr, McMillan, Larsen, , Gleason, Gehrels[34][86][87] | |
i: August 7, 2000 p: October 25, 2000 |
Ymir | S/2000 S 1 | — | Saturn XIX | Gladman[34][88][89] |
Paaliaq | S/2000 S 2 | — | Saturn XX | ||
i: September 23, 2000 p: October 25, 2000 |
Siarnaq | S/2000 S 3 | — | Saturn XXIX | Gladman, Kavelaars[34][90][91] |
Tarvos | S/2000 S 4 | Saturn XXI | Kavelaars, Gladman[34][90][91] | ||
i: August 7, 2000 p: November 18, 2000 |
Kiviuq | S/2000 S 5 | Saturn XXIV | Gladman[34][91][92] | |
i: September 23, 2000 p: November 18, 2000 |
Ijiraq | S/2000 S 6 | — | Saturn XXII | Kavelaars, Gladman[34][91][92] |
i: November 21, 2000 p: November 25, 2000 |
Themisto* | S/2000 J 1 | Jupiter XVIII | Sheppard, Jewitt, Fernández, (Rediscovered)[34][93][94] | |
i: September 23, 2000 p: December 7, 2000 |
Thrymr | S/2000 S 7 | Saturn XXX | Gladman, Kavelaars[34][89][95] | |
Skathi | S/2000 S 8 | — | Saturn XXVII | Kavelaars, Gladman[34][89][95] | |
Mundilfari | S/2000 S 9 | Saturn XXV | Gladman, Kavelaars[34][89][95] | ||
Erriapus | S/2000 S 10 | — | Saturn XXVIII | Kavelaars, Gladman[34][91][96] | |
i: November 9, 2000 p: December 19, 2000 |
Albiorix | S/2000 S 11 | — | Saturn XXVI | Holman, Spahr[34][97][98] |
i: September 23, 2000 p: December 22, 2000 |
Suttungr | S/2000 S 12 | — | Saturn XXIII | Gladman, Kavelaars[34][99][100] |
Date | Name | Temporary designation | Image | Permanent designation | Discoverer(s) and notes |
21st century[]
2000s[]
2000s | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Date | Name | Temporary designation | Image | Permanent designation | Discoverer(s) and notes |
i: November 23, 2000 |
Kalyke | S/2000 J 2 | — | Jupiter XXIII | Sheppard, Jewitt, Fernández, , , [34][101][102][103] |
Iocaste | S/2000 J 3 | — | Jupiter XXIV | ||
Erinome | S/2000 J 4 | — | Jupiter XXV | ||
Harpalyke | S/2000 J 5 | — | Jupiter XXII | ||
Isonoe | S/2000 J 6 | — | Jupiter XXVI | ||
Praxidike | S/2000 J 7 | — | Jupiter XXVII | ||
i: November 25, 2000 p: January 5, 2001 |
Megaclite | S/2000 J 8 | — | Jupiter XIX | Sheppard, Jewitt, Fernández, Magnier, Dahm, Evans[34][101][103] |
Taygete | S/2000 J 9 | — | Jupiter XX | ||
i: November 26, 2000 p: January 5, 2001 |
Chaldene | S/2000 J 10 | — | Jupiter XXI | |
i: December 5, 2000 p: January 5, 2001 |
Dia | S/2000 J 11 | — | Jupiter LIII | |
Date | Name | Temporary designation | Image | Permanent designation | Discoverer(s) and notes |
i: December 9, 2001 p: May 16, 2002 |
Hermippe | S/2001 J 3 | Jupiter XXX | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna[34][104][105] | |
Eurydome | S/2001 J 4 | — | Jupiter XXXII | ||
Sponde | S/2001 J 5 | — | Jupiter XXXVI | ||
Kale | S/2001 J 8 | — | Jupiter XXXVII | ||
i: December 10, 2001 p: May 16, 2002 |
Autonoe | S/2001 J 1 | — | Jupiter XXVIII | |
i: December 11, 2001 p: May 16, 2002 |
Thyone | S/2001 J 2 | — | Jupiter XXIX | |
Pasithee | S/2001 J 6 | — | Jupiter XXXVIII | ||
Euanthe | S/2001 J 7 | — | Jupiter XXXIII | ||
Orthosie | S/2001 J 9 | — | Jupiter XXXV | ||
Euporie | S/2001 J 10 | — | Jupiter XXXIV | ||
Aitne | S/2001 J 11 | — | Jupiter XXXI | ||
i: August 13, 2001 p: September 30, 2002 |
Trinculo | S/2001 U 1 | — | Uranus XXI | Holman, Kavelaars, Milisavljevic[34][106][107] |
i: October 31, 2002 p: December 18, 2002 |
Arche | S/2002 J 1 | — | Jupiter XLIII | Sheppard, Meech, , Tholen, Tonry[34][108][109] |
Date | Name | Temporary designation | Image | Permanent designation | Discoverer(s) and notes |
i: July 23, 2002 p: January 13, 2003 |
Sao | S/2002 N 2 | — | Neptune XI | Holman, Kavelaars, Grav, , Milisavljevic[34][110][111] |
i: August 10, 2002 p: January 13, 2003 |
Halimede | S/2002 N 1 | — | Neptune IX | |
i: August 11, 2002 p: January 13, 2003 |
Laomedeia | S/2002 N 3 | — | Neptune XII | |
i: February 5, 2003 p: March 4, 2003 |
Eukelade | S/2003 J 1 | — | Jupiter XLVII | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna, Fernández, [34][112][113] |
(unnamed moon of Jupiter) | S/2003 J 2 | — | — | ||
Eupheme | S/2003 J 3 | — | Jupiter LX | ||
(unnamed moon of Jupiter) | S/2003 J 4 | — | — | ||
i: February 6, 2003 p: March 4, 2003 |
Eirene | S/2003 J 5 | — | Jupiter LVII | |
Helike | S/2003 J 6 | — | Jupiter XLV | ||
i: February 8, 2003 p: March 4, 2003 |
Aoede | S/2003 J 7 | — | Jupiter XLI | |
i: February 8, 2003 p: March 6, 2003 |
Hegemone | S/2003 J 8 | — | Jupiter XXXIX | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna, Fernández[34][114][115] |
i: February 6, 2003 p: March 7, 2003 |
(unnamed moons of Jupiter) | S/2003 J 9 | — | — | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna, Fernández[34][116][117] |
S/2003 J 10 | — | ||||
Kallichore | S/2003 J 11 | — | Jupiter XLIV | ||
i: February 8, 2003 p: March 7, 2003 |
(unnamed moon of Jupiter) | S/2003 J 12 | — | — | |
i: February 9, 2003 p: April 2, 2003 |
Cyllene | S/2003 J 13 | — | Jupiter XLVIII | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna[34][118][119] |
i: February 8, 2003 p: April 3, 2003 |
Kore | S/2003 J 14 | — | Jupiter XLIX | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna[34][118][120] |
i: February 6, 2003 p: April 3, 2003 |
Philophrosyne | S/2003 J 15 | — | Jupiter LVIII | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna, Fernández[118][121] |
(unnamed moon of Jupiter) | S/2003 J 16 | — | — | Gladman, Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna, Kavelaars, Petit, [118][122] | |
i: February 8, 2003 p: April 3, 2003 |
Herse | S/2003 J 17 | — | Jupiter L | Gladman, Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna, Kavelaars, Petit, Allen[34][118][123] |
i: February 6, 2003 p: April 4, 2003 |
(unnamed moon of Jupiter) | S/2003 J 18 | — | Jupiter LV | Gladman, Kavelaars, Petit, Allen, Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna[34][118][124] |
i: February 5, 2003 p: April 8, 2003 |
Narvi | S/2003 S 1 | — | Saturn XXXI | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna[34][118][125] |
i: February 6, 2003 p: April 12, 2003 |
(unnamed moon of Jupiter) | S/2003 J 19 | — | Jupiter LXI | Gladman, Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna, Kavelaars, Petit, Allen[126][127] |
i: February 9, 2003 p: April 14, 2003 |
Carpo | S/2003 J 20 | — | Jupiter XLVI | Sheppard, Gladman, Kavelaars, Petit, Allen, Jewitt, Kleyna[34][126][128] |
i: February 6, 2003 p: May 29, 2003 |
Mneme | S/2003 J 21 | — | Jupiter XL | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna, Gladman, Kavelaars, Petit, Allen[34][129][130] |
i: January 18, 1986 p: September 3, 2003 |
Perdita* | S/1986 U 10 | — | Uranus XXV | Karkoschka (Recovered by the Hubble Space Telescope)[34][83][131] |
i: August 29, 2003 p: September 3, 2003 |
Psamathe | S/2003 N 1 | — | Neptune X | Jewitt, Kleyna, Sheppard, Holman, Kavelaars[34][132][133] |
i: August 25, 2003 p: September 25, 2003 |
Mab | S/2003 U 1 | — | Uranus XXVI | Showalter, Lissauer[134] |
Cupid | S/2003 U 2 | — | Uranus XXVII | ||
i: August 13, 2001 p: September 30, 2003 |
Ferdinand* | S/2001 U 2 | Uranus XXIV | 2001: Holman, Kavelaars, Milisavljevic; 2003: Sheppard, Jewitt[34][135][136] | |
i: August 14, 2002 p: September 30, 2003 |
Neso* | S/2002 N 4 | — | Neptune XIII | Holman, Kavelaars, Grav, Fraser, Milisavljevic[34][135][137] |
i: August 13, 2001 p: October 8, 2003 |
Francisco* | S/2001 U 3 | Uranus XXII | Holman, Kavelaars, Milisavljevic, Gladman[34][138] | |
i: August 29, 2003 p: October 9, 2003 |
Margaret | S/2003 U 3 | — | Uranus XXIII | Sheppard, Jewitt, Holman, Kavelaars[34][139][140] |
Date | Name | Temporary designation | Image | Permanent designation | Discoverer(s) and notes |
i: February 9, 2003 p: January 24, 2004 |
Thelxinoe* | S/2003 J 22 | — | Jupiter XLII | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna, Gladman, Kavelaars, Petit, [34][141][142] |
i: February 6, 2003 p: January 31, 2004 |
(unnamed moon of Jupiter) | S/2003 J 23* | — | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna, Fernández[143][144] | |
i: June 1, 2004 p: August 16, 2004 |
Methone* | S/2004 S 1 | Saturn XXXII | Cassini–Huygens[34][145][146] | |
Pallene | S/2004 S 2 =S/1981 S 14 |
Saturn XXXIII | |||
i: October 21, 2004 o: October 24, 2004 p: November 8, 2004 |
Polydeuces | S/2004 S 5 | Saturn XXXIV | Cassini–Huygens[34][147] | |
i:March 7, 2003 o:July 27, 2005 i: May 6, 2004 o: December 28, 2004 p: July 29, 2005 |
Haumea | (136108) 2003 EL61 | — | Dwarf planet | (Ortiz, , Santos-Sanz)[34][148] or (Brown, Trujillo, Rabinowitz)[149][150] (see the Controversy over the discovery of Haumea) |
Date | Name | Temporary designation | Image | Permanent designation | Discoverer(s) and notes |
i: December 12, 2004 p: May 3, 2005 |
(unnamed moon of Saturn) | S/2004 S 7 | — | — | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna, Marsden[34][151] |
Fornjot | S/2004 S 8 | Saturn XLII | |||
Farbauti | S/2004 S 9 | — | Saturn XL | ||
Aegir | S/2004 S 10 | — | Saturn XXXVI | ||
Bebhionn | S/2004 S 11 | Saturn XXXVII | |||
(unnamed moons of Saturn) | S/2004 S 12 | — | — | ||
S/2004 S 13 | |||||
Hati | S/2004 S 14 | — | Saturn XLIII | ||
Bergelmir | S/2004 S 15 | Saturn XXXVIII | |||
i: December 13, 2004 p: May 3, 2005 |
Fenrir | S/2004 S 16 | — | Saturn XLI | |
(unnamed moon of Saturn) | S/2004 S 17 | — | — | ||
Bestla | S/2004 S 18 | — | Saturn XXXIX | ||
i: May 1, 2005 p: May 6, 2005 |
Daphnis | S/2005 S 1 | Saturn XXXV | Cassini–Huygens[152] | |
i: October 21, 2003 o: January 5, 2005 p: July 29, 2005 |
Eris | (136199) 2003 UB313 | Dwarf planet | Brown, Trujillo, Rabinowitz[34][149][153] | |
o: January 26, 2005 p: July 29, 2005 |
Hiʻiaka | S/2005 (136108) 1 | — | Haumea I | Brown, Trujillo, Rabinowitz[34][154] |
i: March 31, 2005 p: July 29, 2005 |
Makemake | (136472) 2005 FY9 | — | Dwarf planet | Brown, Trujillo, Rabinowitz[149][155] |
o: June 30, 2005 p: July 29, 2005 |
Namaka | S/2005 (136108) 2 | — | Haumea II | Brown, Trujillo, Rabinowitz[156] |
i: September 10, 2005 p: October 3, 2005 |
Dysnomia | S/2005 (136199) 1 | Eris I | Brown, , , , , , , , , , Rabinowitz, , , Trujillo, [157] | |
i: May 15, 2005 o: June 15, 2005 p: October 31, 2005 |
Nix | S/2005 P 2 | Pluto II | Weaver, Stern, , , Buie, Merline, , , [158] | |
Hydra | S/2005 P 1 | Pluto III | |||
Date | Name | Temporary designation | Image | Permanent designation | Discoverer(s) and notes |
i: December 12, 2004 o: March 6, 2006 (?) p: June 26, 2006 |
Hyrrokkin | S/2004 S 19 | — | Saturn XLIV | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna[34][159][160] |
i: January 4, 2006 o: March 6, 2006 (?) p: June 26, 2006 |
(unnamed moon of Saturn) | S/2006 S 1 | — | — | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna[34][160][161] |
Kari | S/2006 S 2 | Saturn XLV | |||
i: January 5, 2006 o: March 6, 2006 (?) p: June 26, 2006 |
(unnamed moon of Saturn) | S/2006 S 3 | — | — | |
Greip | S/2006 S 4 | — | Saturn LI | ||
Loge | S/2006 S 5 | — | Saturn XLVI | ||
Jarnsaxa | S/2006 S 6 | — | Saturn L | ||
Surtur | S/2006 S 7 | — | Saturn XLVIII | ||
Skoll | S/2006 S 8 | — | Saturn XLVII | ||
i: January 5, 2006 o: January 16, 2007 (?) p: April 13, 2007 |
Tarqeq | S/2007 S 1 | — | Saturn LII | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna[34][162][163] |
i: January 18, 2007 o: ? p: May 1, 2007 |
(unnamed moons of Saturn) | S/2007 S 2 | — | — | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna[163][164] |
S/2007 S 3 | — | — | |||
i: June 2004 o: May 30, 2007 p: July 18, 2007 |
Anthe | S/2007 S 4 | Saturn XLIX | Cassini–Huygens[34][165] | |
i: August 15, 2008 p: March 3, 2009 |
Aegaeon | S/2008 S 1 | Saturn LIII | Cassini–Huygens[34][166] | |
i: July 26, 2009 o: ? p: November 2, 2009 |
(unnamed moon of Saturn) | S/2009 S 1 | — | Cassini–Huygens[167] | |
Date | Name | Temporary designation | Image | Permanent designation | Discoverer(s) and notes |
2010s[]
2010s | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Date | Name | Temporary designation | Image | Permanent designation | Discoverer(s) and notes |
i: September 7, 2010 |
(unnamed moons of Jupiter) | S/2010 J 1 | — | Jupiter LI | Jacobson, , Gladman and [168] |
S/2010 J 2 | — | Jupiter LII | Veillet[168] | ||
i: June 28, 2011 |
Kerberos | S/2011 (134340) 1 | Pluto IV | Showalter[169][170] | |
i: September 27, 2011 |
(unnamed moons of Jupiter) | S/2011 J 1 | — | Jupiter LXXII | Sheppard[171] |
S/2011 J 2 | — | Jupiter LVI | |||
i: June 26, 2012 |
Styx | S/2012 (134340) 1 | Pluto V | Showalter[172] | |
i: 2004 |
Hippocamp* | S/2004 N 1 | Neptune XIV | Showalter et al.[173] | |
i: April 2015 |
(unnamed moon of Makemake) | S/2015 (136472) 1 | — | — | Parker et al.[174][175] |
i: March 8, 2016 p: June 2, 2017 |
(unnamed moons of Jupiter) | S/2016 J 1 | — | Jupiter LIV | Sheppard et al.[176][177][178][179][180][181][182][183][184][185][186][187] |
i: March 23, 2017 p: June 5, 2017 |
S/2017 J 1 | — | Jupiter LIX | ||
i: March 9, 2016 p: July 17, 2018 |
Valetudo | S/2016 J 2 | — | Jupiter LXII | |
i: February 5, 2016 o: March 23, 2017 p: July 17, 2018 |
(unnamed moons of Jupiter) | S/2017 J 2 | — | Jupiter LXIII | |
i: February 5, 2016 o: March 23, 2017 p: July 17, 2018 |
S/2017 J 3 | — | Jupiter LXIV | ||
i: March 23, 2017 p: July 17, 2018 |
Pandia | S/2017 J 4 | — | Jupiter LXV | |
i: March 23, 2017 p: July 17, 2018 |
(unnamed moons of Jupiter) | S/2017 J 5 | — | Jupiter LXVI | |
i: February 24, 2017 o: March 23, 2017 p: July 17, 2018 |
S/2017 J 6 | — | Jupiter LXVII | ||
i: February 24, 2017 o: March 23, 2017 p: July 17, 2018 |
S/2017 J 7 | — | Jupiter LXVIII | ||
i: March 23, 2017 p: July 17, 2018 |
S/2017 J 8 | — | Jupiter LXIX | ||
i: February 24, 2017 o: March 23, 2017 p: July 17, 2018 |
S/2017 J 9 | — | Jupiter LXX | ||
i: March 25, 2017 o: May 11, 2018 p: July 17, 2018 |
Ersa | S/2018 J 1 | — | Jupiter LXXI | |
i: December 12, 2004 p: October 7, 2019 |
(unnamed moons of Saturn) | S/2004 S 20 | — | Saturn LIV | Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna[188] |
S/2004 S 21 | — | — | |||
S/2004 S 22 | — | Saturn LV | |||
S/2004 S 23 | — | Saturn LVI | |||
S/2004 S 24 | — | — | |||
S/2004 S 25 | — | Saturn LVII | |||
S/2004 S 26 | — | Saturn LVIII | |||
S/2004 S 27 | — | Saturn LIX | |||
S/2004 S 28 | — | — | |||
S/2004 S 29 | — | Saturn LX | |||
S/2004 S 30 | — | Saturn LXI | |||
i: December 12, 2004 p: October 8, 2019 | |||||
S/2004 S 31 | — | — | |||
S/2004 S 32 | — | Saturn LXII | |||
S/2004 S 33 | — | Saturn LXIII | |||
S/2004 S 34 | — | Saturn LXIV | |||
S/2004 S 35 | — | Saturn LXV | |||
S/2004 S 36 | — | — | |||
S/2004 S 37 | — | — | |||
S/2004 S 38 | — | Saturn LXVI | |||
S/2004 S 39 | — | — | |||
Date | Name | Temporary designation | Image | Permanent designation | Discoverer(s) and notes |
See also[]
- Timeline of Solar System astronomy
- Timeline of Solar System exploration
- Lists of astronomical objects
- Solar System
References[]
- ^ Jump up to: a b Barnard, Edward Emerson (October 4, 1892). "Discovery and observations of a fifth satellite to Jupiter". Astronomical Journal. 12 (11): 81–85. Bibcode:1892AJ.....12...81B. doi:10.1086/101715.
- ^ Nicholson, Seth Barnes (April 1939). "The Satellites of Jupiter". Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. 51 (300): 85–94. Bibcode:1939PASP...51...85N. doi:10.1086/125010.
- ^ Stanford SOLAR Center – Ask A Solar Physicist FAQs – Answer
- ^ "Aristarchus of Samos". May 7, 2018. Archived from the original on May 7, 2018. Retrieved January 9, 2019.
- ^ Lindow, John (2002). "The world was a flat disk, with the Earth in the center and the sea all around. Thus the serpent is about as far away from the center, where men and gods lived" Norse mythology: a guide to the Gods, heroes, rituals, and beliefs. Oxford University Press. p. 253.
- ^ Heath, Thomas Little; Aristarchus, of Samos (1913). Aristarchus of Samos, the ancient Copernicus; a history of Greek astronomy to Aristarchus, together with Aristarchus's Treatise on the sizes and distances of the Sun and Moon : a new Greek text with translation and notes. Gerstein – University of Toronto. Oxford : Clarendon Press.
- ^ Sachs, Abraham J. (May 2, 1974). "Babylonian Observational Astronomy". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Royal Society of London. 276 (1257): 43–50 [45 & 48–9]. Bibcode:1974RSPTA.276...43S. doi:10.1098/rsta.1974.0008. JSTOR 74273.
- ^ Gingerich, O. (1985). "1985JHA....16...37G Page 37". Journal for the History of Astronomy. 16: 37. Bibcode:1985JHA....16...37G. doi:10.1177/002182868501600102.
- ^ Galilei, Galileo; Sidereus Nuncius, Thomam Baglionum (Tommaso Baglioni), Venice (March 1610), pp. 17–28 (q.v.)
- ^ Drake, Stillman (1981). Galileo at Work. Courier Dover Publications. p. 153. ISBN 978-0-486-49542-2.
- ^ Blue, Jennifer (November 9, 2009). "Planet and Satellite Names and Discoverers". USGS. Retrieved January 13, 2010.
- ^ Huygens, Christiaan; De Saturni luna observatio nova, Adriaan Vlacq, Den Haag, 5 March 1656 (click "Scientific work")
- ^ Hugenii, Cristiani (Christiaan Huygens); Systema Saturnium, Adriani Vlacq, Hagæ-Comitis (The Hague), 1659 (p. 47)
- ^ Cassini, Giovanni D.; Découverte de deux nouvelles planètes autour de Saturne Archived May 13, 2006, at the Wayback Machine, Sébastien Mabre-Cramoisy, Paris, 1673. Translated as A Discovery of two New Planets about Saturn, made in the Royal Parisian Observatory by Signor Cassini, Fellow of both the Royal Societys, of England and France; English't out of French., Philosophical Transactions, Vol. 8 (1673), pp. 5178–5185
- ^ Cassini published these two discoveries on 22 April 1686, according to An Extract of the Journal Des Scavans. of April 22 st. N. 1686. Giving an account of two new Satellites of Saturn, discovered lately by Mr. Cassini at the Royal Observatory at Paris., Philosophical Transactions, Vol. 16 (1686–1692), pp. 79–85
- ^ Hugenii, Christiani (Christiaan Huygens); Κοσμοθεωρος (Kosmotheôros), Adrianum (Adriaan) Moetjens, Hagæ-Comitum (The Hague), 1698
- ^ Herschel, William; Account of a Comet. By Mr. Herschel, F. R. S.; communicated by Dr. Watson, Jun. of Bath, F. R. S., Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Vol. 71, pp. 492–501
- ^ Herschel, W. S. (1787). "An Account of the Discovery of Two Satellites Revolving Round the Georgian Planet" (PDF). Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. 77: 125–129. doi:10.1098/rstl.1787.0016. JSTOR 106717.
- ^ Herschel, William; On George's Planet and its satellites, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Vol. 78, pp. 364–378, 1788
- ^ Herschel, William; On the Discovery of Four Additional Satellites of the Georgium Sidus. The Retrograde Motion of Its Old Satellites Announced; And the Cause of Their Disappearance at Certain Distances from the Planet Explained, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Vol. 88, pp. 47–79, 1798
- ^ Jodra, Serge; Les Satellites de Saturne (2004)
- ^ Herschel, William; Account of the Discovery of a Sixth and Seventh Satellite of the Planet Saturn; with Remarks on the Construction of its Ring, its Atmosphere, its Rotation on an Axis, and its spheroidical Figure, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Vol. 80, pp. 1–20, 1790 (read November 12, 1789)
- ^ Hoskin, Michael (June 26, 1992). "Bodes' Law and the Discovery of Ceres". Observatorio Astronomico di Palermo "Giuseppe S. Vaiana". Retrieved July 5, 2007.
- ^ Forbes, Eric G. (1971). "Gauss and the Discovery of Ceres". Journal for the History of Astronomy. 2 (3): 195–199. Bibcode:1971JHA.....2..195F. doi:10.1177/002182867100200305.
- ^ Airy, George Biddell; Account of some circumstances historically connected with the discovery of the Planet exterior to Uranus, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 7, No. 9 (November 13, 1846), pp. 121–152
- ^ Account of the Discovery of the Planet of Le Verrier at Berlin, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 7, No. 9 (November 13, 1846), pp. 153–157
- ^ Lassell, William; Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 7, No. 9 (November 13, 1846), reported in Account of the Discovery of the Planet of Le Verrier at Berlin, ibid., pp. 153–157
- ^ Bond, William C.; Discovery of a new Satellite of Saturn, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 9, No. 1 (November 10, 1848), pp. 1–2
- ^ Lassell, W.; Discovery of a new Satellite of Saturn, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 8 No. 9 Supplement (undated, some time after September 24, 1848), pp. 195–197
- ^ Lassell, W.; Letter from William Lassell, Esq., to the Editor, Astronomical Journal, Vol. 2, No. 33 (1851), p. 70 (signed November 11, 1851)
- ^ Christie, William H. M.; The Satellites of Mars, The Observatory, Vol. 1, No. 6 (September 20, 1877), pp. 181–185
- ^ Hall, Asaph; Observations of the Satellites of Mars (signed September 21, 1877), Astronomische Nachrichten, Vol. 91, No. 2161 (October 17, 1877), pp. 11/12–13/14
- ^ Hall, Asaph; The Discovery of the Satellites of Mars (signed December 28, 1877), Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 38, No. 4 (February 8, 1878), pp. 205–209
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature: Planet and Satellite Names and Discoverers
- ^ Pickering, Edward C.; A New Satellite of Saturn, Harvard College Observatory Bulletin, No. 49 (March 17, 1899), p. 1
- ^ Pickering, Edward C.; A New Satellite of Saturn (signed April 10, 1899), Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 9, No. 4 (April 1899), pp. 274–276
- ^ Campbell, William W.; Sixth Satellite of Jupiter, Harvard College Observatory Bulletin, No. 173 (January 6, 1905), p. 1
- Perrine, Charles D.; Discovery of a Sixth Satellite to Jupiter (signed January 30, 1905), Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific, Vol. 17, No. 100 (February 10, 1905), pp. 22–23
- Aitken, Robert G.; Visual Observation of Satellite VI to Jupiter (signed January 30, 1905), Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific, Vol. 17, No. 100 (February 10, 1905), pp. 23–24
- Discovery of a Sixth Satellite of Jupiter, Astronomical Journal, Vol. 24, No. 19 (whole No. 571, March 28, 1905), p. 160
- ^ Jump up to: a b Perrine, Charles D.; Orbits of the sixth and seventh satellites of Jupiter (signed May 28, 1905), Astronomische Nachrichten, Vol. 169, No. 4035 (July 24, 1905), p. 43/44
- ^ Campbell, William W.; A Seventh Satellite of Jupiter, Harvard College Observatory Bulletin, No. 178 (February 27, 1905), p. 1
- The Seventh Satellite of Jupiter (signed March 30, 1905), Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific, Vol. 17, No. 101 (April 10, 1905), pp. 56–57
- ^ Perrine, Charles D.; Recent Observations of the Moving Object near Jupiter, Discovered at Greenwich by Mr. J. Melotte (signed May 21, 1908), Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific, Vol. 20, No. 120 (June 10, 1908), p. 184
- ^ Cowell, Philip H.; Note on the discovery of a Moving Object near Jupiter (1908 CJ), Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 68, No. 5 (March 13, 1908), p. 373
- ^ Nicholson, Seth B.; Discovery of the Ninth Satellite of Jupiter (signed September 17, 1914), Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific, Vol. 26, No. 155 (October 1914), pp. 197–198
- ^ Tombaugh, Clyde W.; The Search for the Ninth Planet, Pluto, Astronomical Society of the Pacific Leaflets, Vol. 5, No. 209 (July 1946), pp. 73–80
- ^ Nicholson, Seth B.; Two New Satellites of Jupiter (signed August 1938), Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific, Vol. 50, No. 297 (October 1938), pp. 292–293
- ^ Kuiper, Gerard P.; The Fifth Satellite of Uranus, Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific, Vol. 61, No. 360 (June 1949), p. 129
- ^ Kuiper, Gerard P.; The Second Satellite of Neptune, Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific, Vol. 61, No. 361 (August 1949), pp. 175–176
- ^ Vinter Hansen, Julie M.; Object Near Neptune, IAUC 1212 (April 1, 1949)
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i Marsden, Brian G.; GX 1+4; Sats OF JUPITER AND SATURN, IAUC 3872 (March 30, 1983)
- ^ Nicholson, Seth B.; An Unidentified Object Near Jupiter, Probably a New Satellite, Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific, Vol. 63, No. 375 (December 1951), pp. 297–299
- ^ Gingerich, Owen; Probable New Satellite of Saturn, IAUC 1987 (January 3, 1967)
- Gingerich, Owen; Saturn X (Janus), IAUC 1995 (February 1, 1967)
- Marsden, Brian G.; New Ring and Satellites of Saturn, IAUC 3417 (October 25, 1979)
- ^ Jump up to: a b c Marsden, Brian G.; Saturn, IAUC 3454 (February 25, 1980)
- ^ Marsden, Brian G.; 1980 S 2, IAUC 3456 (February 29, 1980)
- ^ Jump up to: a b c Marsden, Brian G.; Saturn, IAUC 3497 (August 4, 1980)
- ^ Gingerich, Owen; Possible New Satellite of Saturn, IAUC 1991 (January 6, 1967)
- ^ Kowal, Charles T.; Thirteenth satellite of Jupiter, Astronomical Journal, Vol. 80, No. 6 (June 1975), pp. 460–464
- Marsden, Brian G.; Probable New Satellite of Jupiter, IAUC 2702 (September 20, 1974)
- Marsden, Brian G.; Probable New Satellite of Jupiter, IAUC 2703 (October 1, 1974)
- Marsden, Brian G.; Jupiter XIII, IAUC 2711 (October 24, 1974)
- ^ Marsden, Brian G.; Probable New Satellite of Jupiter, IAUC 2845 (October 3, 1975)
- Marsden, Brian G.; Probable New Satellite of Jupiter, IAUC 2855 (October 23, 1975)
- Marsden, Brian G.; Probable New Satellite of Jupiter, IAUC 2899 (January 9, 1976)
- ^ Marsden, Brian G.; 1978 P 1, IAUC 3241 (July 7, 1978)
- ^ Christy, James W.; Harrington, Robert S.; The satellite of Pluto, Astronomical Journal, Vol. 83, No. 8 (August 1978), pp. 1005–1008
- ^ Jewitt, David C., , Synnott, Stephen P.; Discovery of a new Jupiter satellite, Science, Vol. 206, No. 4421 (November 23, 1979), p. 951
- ^ Jump up to: a b Marsden, Brian G.; Satellites of Jupiter, IAUC 3470 (April 28, 1980)
- ^ Jump up to: a b c Marsden, Brian G.; Satellites of Jupiter, IAUC 3507 (August 26, 1980)
- ^ Hamilton, Calvin J.; Discovery Image of Adrastea, Views of the Solar System (1995–2007)
- ^ Jovian System Data Analysis Program; Voyager 2 Jupiter Image 20630.53 Archived August 13, 2004, at the Wayback Machine, NASA Planetary Data System Rings Node (February 20, 1997)
- ^ Jump up to: a b Marsden, Brian G.; Saturn, IAUC 3457 (March 6, 1980)
- ^ Jump up to: a b c Marsden, Brian G.; Satellites of Saturn, IAUC 3483 (June 6, 1980)
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d Marsden, Brian G.; Satellites of Saturn, IAUC 3496 (July 31, 1980)
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d e Marsden, Brian G.; Satellites of Saturn, IAUC 3534 (November 7, 1980)
- ^ Marsden, Brian G.; Satellites of Saturn, IAUC 3466 (April 10, 1980)
- ^ Jump up to: a b Marsden, Brian G.; Satellites of Saturn, IAUC 3532 (October 31, 1980)
- ^ Marsden, Brian G.; 1980 S 28, IAUC 3539 (November 13, 1980)
- ^ Marsden, Brian G.; 1981 N 1, IAUC 3608 (May 29, 1981)
- ^ Jump up to: a b Marsden, Brian G.; Satellites of Neptune, IAUC 4824 (August 2, 1989)
- ^ Marsden, Brian G.; Satellites of Uranus and Neptune, IAUC 4159 (January 9, 1986)
- ^ Marsden, Brian G.; Satellites of Uranus, IAUC 4164 (January 16, 1986)
- ^ Marsden, Brian G.; Satellites of Uranus, IAUC 4165 (January 17, 1986)
- ^ Jump up to: a b Marsden, Brian G.; Satellites and Rings of Uranus, IAUC 4168 (January 27, 1986)
- ^ Marsden, Brian G.; 1989 N 1, IAUC 4806 (July 7, 1989)
- ^ Marsden, Brian G.; Neptune, IAUC 4867 (September 29, 1989)
- ^ ; Saturn, IAUC 5052 (July 16, 1990)
- ^ Green, Daniel W. E.; Possible Satellites of Saturn, IAUC 6162 (April 14, 1995)
- ^ ; ; and Beurle, Kevin; Further Evidence for the Existence of Additional Small Satellites of Saturn Archived August 12, 2004, at the Wayback Machine, Icarus, Vol. 121, No. 1 (May 1996), pp. 114–125
- ^ Jump up to: a b Marsden, Brian G.; Satellites of Uranus, IAUC 6764 (October 31, 1997)
- ^ Jump up to: a b Green, Daniel W. E.; S/1986 U 10, IAUC 7171 (May 18, 1999)
- ^ Jump up to: a b Marsden, Brian G.; Probable New Satellites of Uranus, IAUC 7230 (July 27, 1999)
- ^ Marsden, Brian G.; Probable New Satellites of Uranus, IAUC 7248 (September 4, 1999)
- ^ Marsden, Brian G.; S/1999 J 1, IAUC 7460 (July 20, 2000)
- ^ New Outer Satellite of Jupiter Discovered, Joint press release, Minor Planet Center and the Spacewatch Project (2000?)
- ^ Marsden, Brian G.; S/2000 S 1 and S/2000 S 2, IAUC 7512 (October 25, 2000)
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d Marsden, Brian G.; S/2000 S 1, S/2000 S 2, S/2000 S 7, S/2000 S 8, S/2000 S 9, MPEC 2000-Y15 (December 19, 2000)
- ^ Jump up to: a b Marsden, Brian G.; S/2000 S 3 and S/2000 S 4, IAUC 7513 (October 25, 2000)
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d e Marsden, Brian G.; S/2000 S 3, S/2000 S 4, S/2000 S 5, S/2000 S 6, S/2000 S 10, MPEC 2000-Y14 (December 19, 2000)
- ^ Jump up to: a b Marsden, Brian G.; S/2000 S 5 and S/2000 S 6, IAUC 7521 (November 18, 2000)
- ^ Marsden, Brian G.; S/1975 J 1 = S/2000 J 1, IAUC 7525 (November 25, 2000)
- ^ S/1975 J 1 = S/2000 J 1, S/1999 J 1, MPEC 2000-Y16 (December 19, 2000)
- ^ Jump up to: a b c Marsden, Brian G.; S/2000 S 7, S/2000 S 8, S/2000 S 9, IAUC 7538 (December 7, 2000)
- ^ Marsden, Brian G.; S/2000 S 10, IAUC 7539 (December 7, 2000)
- ^ Green, Daniel W. E.; S/2000 S 11, IAUC 7545 (December 19, 2000)
- ^ Marsden, Brian G.; S/2000 S 11, MPEC 2000-Y13 (December 19, 2000)
- ^ Marsden, Brian G.; S/2000 S 12, IAUC 7548 (December 23, 2000)
- ^ Marsden, Brian G.; S/2000 S 12, MPEC 2000-Y33 (December 22, 2000)
- ^ Jump up to: a b Green, Daniel W. E.; Satellites of Jupiter, IAUC 7555 (January 5, 2001)
- ^ Marsden, Brian G.; S/2000 J 2, S/2000 J 3, S/2000 J 4, S/2000 J 5, S/2000 J 6, MPEC 2001-A28 (January 5, 2001)
- ^ Jump up to: a b Marsden, Brian G.; S/2000 J 7, S/2000 J 8, S/2000 J 9, S/2000 J 10, S/2000 J 11, MPEC 2001-A29 (January 5, 2001)
- ^ Green, Daniel W. E.; Satellites of Jupiter, IAUC 7900 (May 16, 2002)
- ^ Marsden, Brian G.; Eleven New Satellites of Jupiter, MPEC 2002-J54 (May 15, 2002)
- ^ Green, Daniel W. E.; S/2001 U 1, IAUC 7980 (September 30, 2002)
- ^ Marsden, Brian G.; S/2001 U 1, MPEC 2002-S64 (September 30, 2002)
- ^ Green, Daniel W. E.; S/2002 J 1, IAUC 8035 (December 18, 2002)
- ^ Marsden, Brian G.; S/2002 J 1, MPEC 2002-Y22 (December 18, 2002)
- ^ Green, Daniel W. E.; Satellites of Neptune, IAUC 8047 (January 13, 2003)
- ^ Marsden, Brian G.; S/2002 N 1, 2002 N 2, 2002 N3, MPEC 2003-A75 (January 13, 2003)
- ^ Green, Daniel W. E.; Satellites of Jupiter, IAUC 8087 (March 4, 2003)
- ^ Marsden, Brian G.; S/2003 J 1, 2003 J 2, 2003 J 3, 2003 J 4, 2003 J 5, 2003 J 6, 2003 J 7, MPEC 2003-E11 (March 4, 2003)
- ^ Green, Daniel W. E.; S/2003 J 8, IAUC 8088 (March 6, 2003)
- ^ Marsden, Brian G.; S/2003 J 8, MPEC 2003-E15 (March 6, 2003)
- ^ Green, Daniel W. E.; Satellites of Jupiter, IAUC 8089 (March 7, 2003)
- ^ Marsden, Brian G.; S/2003 J 9, 2003 J 10, 2003 J 11, 2003 J 12; S/2003 J 1, 2003 J 6, MPEC 2003-E29 (March 7, 2003)
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g Green, Daniel W. E.; Satellites of Jupiter and Saturn, IAUC 8116 (April 11, 2003)
- ^ Marsden, Brian G.; S/2003 J 13, MPEC 2003-G09 (April 2, 2003)
- ^ Marsden, Brian G.; S/2003 J 14, MPEC 2003-G10 (April 3, 2003)
- ^ Marsden, Brian G.; S/2003 J 15, MPEC 2003-G17 (April 3, 2003)
- ^ Marsden, Brian G.; S/2003 J 16, MPEC 2003-G18 (April 3, 2003)
- ^ Marsden, Brian G.; S/2003 J 17, MPEC 2003-G19 (April 3, 2003)
- ^ Marsden, Brian G.; S/2003 J 18, MPEC 2003-G20 (April 4, 2003)
- ^ Marsden, Brian G.; S/2003 S 1, MPEC 2003-G39 (April 8, 2003)
- ^ Jump up to: a b Green, Daniel W. E.; S/2003 J 19 and S/2003 J 20, IAUC 8125 (April 30, 2003)
- ^ Marsden, Brian G.; S/2003 J 19, MPEC 2003-G64 (April 12, 2003)
- ^ Marsden, Brian G.; S/2003 J 20, MPEC 2003-G67 (April 14, 2003)
- ^ Green, Daniel W. E.; S/2003 J 21, IAUC 8138 (May 30, 2003)
- ^ Marsden, Brian G.; S/2003 J 21, MPEC 2003-K45 (May 29, 2003)
- ^ Green, Daniel W. E.; Satellites of Uranus, IAUC (September 3, 2003)
- ^ Green, Daniel W. E.; Satellites of Neptune, IAUC 8193 (September 3, 2003)
- ^ Marsden, Brian G.; S/2003 N 1, MPEC 2003-G64 (September 3, 2003)
- ^ Green, Daniel W. E.; S/2003 U 1 and S/2003 U 2, IAUC 8209 (September 25, 2003)
- ^ Jump up to: a b Green, Daniel W. E.; S/2001 U 2 and S/2002 N 4, IAUC 8213 (October 1, 2003)
- ^ Marsden, Brian G.; S/2001 U 2, MPEC 2003-S105 (September 30, 2003)
- ^ Marsden, Brian G.; S/2002 N 4, MPEC 2003-S107 (September 30, 2003)
- ^ Green, Daniel W. E.; S/2001 U 3, IAUC 8216 (October 8, 2003)
- ^ Green, Daniel W. E.; S/2003 U 3, IAUC 8217 (October 9, 2003)
- ^ Marsden, Brian G.; S/2003 U 3, MPEC 2003-T58 (October 9, 2003)
- ^ Green, Daniel W. E.; S/2003 J 22, IAUC (January 25, 2004)
- ^ Marsden, Brian G.; S/2003 J 22, MPEC 2004-B41 (January 24, 2004)
- ^ Green, Daniel W. E.; S/2003 J 23, IAUC 8281 (February 4, 2004)
- ^ Marsden, Brian G.; S/2003 J 23, MPEC 2004-B81 (January 31, 2004)
- ^ Martinez, Carolina; Savage, Donald; and Finn, Heidi; Out from the Shadows: Two New Saturnian Moons, JPL Cassini–Huygens News Release 2004-202 (August 16, 2004)
- ^ Green, Daniel W. E.; S/2004 S 1 and S/2004 S 2, IAUC 8389 (August 16, 2004)
- ^ Green, Daniel W. E.; Satellites and Rings of Saturn, IAUC 8432 (November 8, 2004)
- ^ Pablo Santos-Sanz (September 26, 2008). "La historia de Ataecina vs Haumea" (in Spanish). infoastro.com. Retrieved September 29, 2008.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c Green, Daniel W. E. (July 29, 2005). "IAUC 8577".
- ^ "Santa et al". NASA Astrobiology Magazine. September 10, 2005. Retrieved October 16, 2008.
- ^ Lakdawalla, Emily; Twelve New Moons for Saturn, The Planetary Society, Planetary News: Moon Discoveries (2005)
- Jewitt, David C.; Twelve New Moons for Saturn (May 3, 2005)
- Green, Daniel W. E.; New Satellites of Saturn, IAUC 8523 (May 4, 2005)
- Marsden, Brian G.; Twelve New Satellites of Saturn, MPEC 2005-J13 (May 3, 2005)
- ^ Green, Daniel W. E.; S/2005 S 1, IAUC 8524 (May 6, 2005)
- ^ Brown, Michael E. (2006). "The discovery of 2003 UB313 Eris, the largest known dwarf planet". Retrieved May 3, 2007.
- ^ Brown, M. E.; et al. (2005). "Keck Observatory Laser Guide Star Adaptive Optics Discovery and Characterization of a Satellite to the Large Kuiper Belt Object 2003 EL61" (PDF). Astrophysical Journal Letters. 632 (1): L45–L48. Bibcode:2005ApJ...632L..45B. doi:10.1086/497641.
- ^ "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 136472 Makemake (2005 FY9)". NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory. April 5, 2008. Retrieved June 11, 2008.
- ^ Green, Daniel W. E.; S/2005 (2003 EL_61) 2, IAUC 8636 (December 1, 2005)
- ^ Brown, Michael E. (2006). "Dysnomia, the moon of Eris". Retrieved September 1, 2007.
- ^ Green, Daniel W. E.; S/2005 P 1 and S/2005 P 2, IAUC 8625 (October 31, 2005) (also as a pdf)
- ^ Marsden, Brian G.; S/2004 S 19, MPEC 2006-M44 (June 26, 2006)
- ^ Jump up to: a b Green, Daniel W. E.; Satellites of Saturn, IAUC 8727 (June 30, 2006)
- ^ Marsden, Brian G.; Eight New Satellites of Saturn, MPEC 2006-M45 (June 26, 2006)
- ^ Marsden, Brian G.; S/2007 S 1, MPEC 2007-G38 (April 13, 2007)
- ^ Jump up to: a b Green, Daniel W. E.; S/2007 S 1, S/2007 S 2, and S/2007 S 3, IAUC 8836 (May 11, 2007)
- ^ Marsden, Brian G.; S/2007 S 2, S/2007 S 3, MPEC 2007-J09 (May 1, 2007)
- ^ Green, Daniel W. E.; S/2007 S 4, IAUC 8857 (July 18, 2007)
- ^ Green, Daniel W. E.; S/2008 S 1, IAUC 9023 (March 3, 2009)
- ^ Green, Daniel W. E.; S/2009 S 1, IAUC 9091 (November 2, 2009)
- ^ Jump up to: a b MPEC 2011-L06: S/2010 J 1 AND S/2010 J 2
- ^ http://www.cbat.eps.harvard.edu/cbet/cbet002769.txt
- ^ NASA – NASA's Hubble Discovers Another Moon Around Pluto
- ^ MPEC 2012-B97 : S/2011 J 1 AND S/2011 J 2 2012 Jan 29 (issued)
- ^ Showalter, Mark. Hubble Press Release: Hubble Discovers a Fifth Moon Orbiting Pluto. July 11, 2012.
- ^ Kelly Beatty (July 15, 2013). "Neptune's Newest Moon". Sky & Telescope. Archived from the original on July 16, 2013. Retrieved July 15, 2013.
- ^ "HubbleSite – NewsCenter – Hubble Discovers Moon Orbiting the Dwarf Planet Makemake (04/26/2016) – The Full Story". hubblesite.org. Retrieved April 26, 2016.
- ^ Parker, A. H.; Buie, M. W.; Grundy, W. M.; Noll, K. S. (April 25, 2016). "Discovery of a Makemakean Moon". The Astrophysical Journal. 825 (1): L9. arXiv:1604.07461. Bibcode:2016ApJ...825L...9P. doi:10.3847/2041-8205/825/1/L9. S2CID 119270442.
- ^ "MPEC 2017-L08 : S/2016 J 1". Minor Planet Center. International Astronomical Union. Retrieved June 2, 2017.
- ^ "MPEC 2017-L47 : S/2017 J 1". Minor Planet Center. International astronomical Union. Retrieved June 5, 2017.
- ^ "MPEC 2018-O09 : S/2016 J 2". Minor Planet Center. International astronomical Union. Retrieved July 17, 2018.
- ^ "MPEC 2018-O10 : S/2016 J 2". Minor Planet Center. International astronomical Union. Retrieved July 17, 2018.
- ^ "MPEC 2018-O11 : S/2017 J 3". Minor Planet Center. International astronomical Union. Retrieved July 17, 2018.
- ^ "MPEC 2018-O12 : S/2017 J 4". Minor Planet Center. International astronomical Union. Retrieved July 17, 2018.
- ^ "MPEC 2018-O13 : S/2017 J 5". Minor Planet Center. International astronomical Union. Retrieved July 17, 2018.
- ^ "MPEC 2018-O14 : S/2017 J 6". Minor Planet Center. International astronomical Union. Retrieved July 17, 2018.
- ^ "MPEC 2018-O15 : S/2017 J 7". Minor Planet Center. International astronomical Union. Retrieved July 17, 2018.
- ^ "MPEC 2018-O16 : S/2017 J 8". Minor Planet Center. International astronomical Union. Retrieved July 17, 2018.
- ^ "MPEC 2018-O17 : S/2017 J 9". Minor Planet Center. International astronomical Union. Retrieved July 17, 2018.
- ^ "MPEC 2018-O18 : S/2018 J 1". Minor Planet Center. International astronomical Union. Retrieved July 17, 2018.
- ^ MPEC's 2019-T126 through 2019-T161
External links[]
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