Toivo Karanko

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Toivo Tuomas Savolainen, later Karanko (20 September 1891 Nurmes - 15 May 1969 Helsinki) was a Finnish Jäger captain and a journalist.[1][2]

Studies[]

Savolainen enrolled as a student at Nurmes Co-educational School in 1913 and joined the Karelian Association. He attended the Finnish Artillery School in 1918 and the Field Artillery Shooting School in 1923, as well as the refresher course for officers of the Defense Forces Officers' School in 1924. He continued his studies at the University of Helsinki in 1930.

In Germany[]

Savolainen volunteered to join the 27th Jäger Battalion for training and military experience on November 23. He took part in the fighting in the First World War on the eastern front of Germany in the battles of Misse River, the Gulf of Riga and the Christmas Battles at river Aa. He also completed a special sabotage course in Polangen in 1917.[3][1][2]

Finnish Civil War[]

Savolainen arrived in Finland with the main group of Jägers, promoted to non-commissioned officer on 25 February 1918. He was assigned to the 2nd Jaeger Battery and took part in battles in Länkipohja, , Orivesi, Kangasala and Lempäälä and Tampere. In the reorganization of the artillery after the conquest of Tampere, he was placed as the division director in the 4th battery of the 2nd Jaeger Battery of the newly formed Jaeger Artillery Brigade and took part in the battles in and Vyborg.[1][2]

Between the wars[]

He moved from Pielisjärvi to Jämsä in 1927, where he worked as a teacher of gymnastics and health education at Jämsä Co-educational School and Real High School until 1928. He later worked in the newspaper industry and was a journalist for the domestic news department at Helsingin Sanomat from 1929 to 1930. He next became a journalist for Ajan Sana oy and continued to join the main committee of the Finno-Ugric Cultural Congress the following year. In 1932 he joined Publishing Company Vasara, a publishing company that published Nazi and anti-Semitic literature, and in 1934 he became editor-in-chief of Blue Cross, the member magazine of the nazi Blue Cross (society).[1][2][4]

Karanko translated Erich Ludendorff's book "Threat of a World War on German Land" and Martin Luther's book On the Jews and Their Lies. In the preface to Luther's book, he supported Luther's proposed actions against the Jews and considered the book's message particularly topical.[5][4][6]

Winter and Continuation War[]

Karanko took part in the Winter War as the commander of the supply center of 4th Division. During the Continuation War he was inspector of the Prisoner of War Camps number 2 and 4.[1][2]

Family[]

His parents were primary school teacher, farmer Pekka Savolainen and Aina Maria Piironen. He was married in 1924 to Gerda Fredrika Magdalena Saxberg. Karanko was the father of Ole Torvalds, and the great-grandfather of software engineer Linus Torvalds famous for the Linux kernel.[7]

Awards[]

  • Cross of Freedom 4th class with swords
  • Medal of Freedom 2nd class
  • Commemorative medal of the War of Freedom with clasp
  • Commemorative medal of the Winter War
  • Jäger medal
  • German Honor Cross of the Participants of the Great War

Sources[]

  • Puolustusministeriön Sotahistoriallisen toimiston julkaisuja IV, Suomen jääkärien elämäkerrasto, WSOY Porvoo 1938.
  • Sotatieteen Laitoksen Julkaisuja XIV, Suomen jääkärien elämäkerrasto 1975, Vaasa 1975 ISBN 951-99046-8-9.

References[]

  1. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e Suomen jääkärien elämäkerrasto 1938
  2. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e Suomen jääkärien elämäkerrasto 1975
  3. ^ "Puolangan Komennuskunta". Hakkapeliitta. p. 21-25.
  4. ^ Jump up to: a b Jari Hanski: Juutalaisvastaisuus suomalaisissa aikakauslehdissä ja kirjallisuudessa 1918–1944. Kirja kerrallaan, Helsinki 2006. ISBN 952-10-3015-1
  5. ^ "Kirkkoisät Holokaustin harmaina eminensseinä". .
  6. ^ "Lutheran Quarterly". Jaeger Captain Toivo Karanko translated Luther's On the Jews and Their Lies in 1939, just before the war began. The translator's introduction notes that its publication was inspired by the national socialist (Nazi) ideology.
  7. ^ Torvalds, Linus, 1969- (2001). Just for fun : the story of an accidental revolutionary. Diamond, David. (1st ed.). New York, NY: HarperBusiness. ISBN 0-06-662072-4. OCLC 45610395.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)


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