Tom (1792 ship)

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For other ships with the same name, see Tom (ship).

History
United Kingdom
Launched1780, America[1]
Acquired1792
Captured1794
General characteristics
Tons burthen143[1][2] (bm)
Complement
Armament

Tom (or Toms) was launched in 1780 in America, possibly under another name. She first appeared in British records in 1792. From 1792 Tom participated as a slave ship in the triangular trade in enslaved people. She made two complete voyages from Liverpool. French frigates captured her in 1794 while she was on her third voyage, but before she could acquire any slaves.

Career[]

Toms first appeared in Lloyd's Register (LR) in the volume for 1792.[1]

Year Master Owner Trade Source & notes
1792 Jn.Brine T.Lyland Liverpool–Africa LR; new deck, raised and large repair 1792

1st slaving voyage (1792): Captain Brine sailed from Liverpool on 13 April 1792. Tom started acquiring slaves at the Congo River on 9 August, and sailed from there on 10 September. Toms arrived at Grenada on 6 November with Maxwell, master. Tom had embarked 239 slaves and she arrived with 233, for a 3% mortality rate. She arrived back at Liverpool on 25 December. She had left Liverpool with 26 crew members and suffered one crew death on her voyage.[3]

2nd slaving voyage (1793–1794): Captain Brine sailed from Liverpool on 23 January 1793.[4] War with France began just after Tom left on her second slave trading voyage. Captain John Brine was issued a letter of marque on 28 February 1793.[2] Lloyd's List reported in March that Tom, Brine, master, had been sailing from Liverpool to Africa when she was driven on shore at Hoylake. She was got off and returned into dock to repair some damage.[5]

Tom began acquiring slaves at the Congo River 28 June. She left Africa on 3 September and arrived at St Croix on 23 November. She had embarked 236 slaves and she arrived with 216 for an 8% mortality rate. She sailed for Liverpool on 10 January 1794 and arrived there on 22 February. She had left Liverpool with 31 crew members and she had suffered 16 crew deaths on her voyage.[4]

Third slaving voyage(1794-Loss): Captain James Galt acquired a letter of marque on 10 March 1794.[2] He sailed from Liverpool on 26 March 1794.[6]

Fate[]

In July 1794 Lloyd's List reported that two French frigates had captured at least four British vessels off Madeira. Two, Tom, Galt, master, and Hannah, Stringen, master, were on their way to Africa. Forty-six people, part of the crews of the four vessels, were landed at Madeira.[7]

Citations[]

  1. ^ a b c LR (1792), Seq.No.T334.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g "Letter of Marque, p.90 – Retrieved 25 July 2017" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 October 2016. Retrieved 27 October 2018.
  3. ^ Trans Atlantic Slave Trade Database – Tom voyage #83816
  4. ^ a b Trans Atlantic Slave Trade Database – Tom voyage #83817.
  5. ^ "The Marine List". Lloyd's List. No. 2485. 5 March 1793. Retrieved 30 November 2021.
  6. ^ Trans Atlantic Slave Trade Database – Tom voyage #83818.
  7. ^ Lloyd's List ₦2627.
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