Tonyn (1779 ship)

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For other ships with the same name, see Tonyn (ship).

History
Great Britain
NameHyacinth
Launched1766, Philadelphia,[1] or North Carolina[2]
RenamedTonyn (1779)
Captured9 January 1781
General characteristics
Tons burthen140,[2] or 200[1] (bm)
Complement40-45[3]
Armament18 × 6-pounder guns (1781)

Tonyn was launched in 1766 at Philadelphia (or North Carolina), as Hyacinth. Between 1772 and 1775 Hyacinth made two voyages as a slave ship in the triangular trade in enslaved people. She was renamed Tonyn in 1779. An American warship captured her in 1781 after a single-ship action.

Career[]

Hyacinth[]

Hyacinth was registered at Liverpool in 1772.[2]

1st slave voyage (1772–1773): Captain James Salcraig sailed from Liverpool on 10 April 1772, bound for Bassa. Hyacinth arrived in Jamaica in early 1793. She had left Liverpool with 40 crew members and she had 12 when she arrived in Jamaica. She sailed from Jamaica on 25 July and arrived back at Liverpool on 20 September.[2]

2nd slave voyage (1774–1775): Captain Salcraig sailed from Liverpool on 3 January 1774. On 25 July she was among the slavers "all well" at Bassa. Hyacinth arrived at St Johns, Antigua, on 4 March 1775 with 285 slaves. She sailed on 11 April and arrived back at Liverpool on 26 May.[4]

Hyacinth first appeared in online volumes of Lloyd's Register (LR) in the 1776 issue.[1]

Year Master Owner Trade Source & notes
1776 J.Salcraig
Jn.Jordan 		Foxcroft Liverpool–Africa & etc.
Cork transport 		LR
1778 J.Jordan T.Foxcroft Quebec–Cork
Cork–New York 		LR; repairs 1776

Tonyn[]

Tonyn first appeared in LR in 1779.[5]

Year Master Owner Trade Source & notes
1779 J.R.Wade Thomas Moss Liverpool–South Carolina LR; good repairs 1776 & 1779
1781 J.R.Wade Moss & Co. Liverpool–South Carolina LR; good repairs 1776, 1779, & 1780

Governor Tonyn (Tonyn) arrived at St Augustine on 26 October 1780 after a voyage of eight weeks from Liverpool.[3] She sailed for Liverpool on 5 January 1781; she was very leaky and it was expected that she might stop at Charleston if necessary.[3]

Fate[]

The sloop USS Saratoga captured Tonyn on 9 January 1781. Saratoga took Tonyn into Cap-Français.[6]

The capture, after a fierce battle, took place off the coast of then England's loyal province of East Florida. Tonyn had recently sailed from St. Augustine laden with turpentine, indigo, hides, and deerskins intended for Liverpool England. On 27 January, Saratoga and Tonyn reached Cap-Français, where Captain Young of Saratoga turned Tonyn over to the French Admiralty court.[7]

On 28 March word arrived at St Augustine that Tonyn had been captured.[8] The schooner Hero. Perry, master, sailed on 9 April for Cap-Français under a flag of truce to bring back Captain Wade and his crew.[8] Hero returned on 26 April bringing only Wade and Tonyn's doctor; Wade himself had been badly wounded in the engagement with Saratoga. Tonyn had been sold for £2,800; her cargo of turpentine had sold for a poor priee.[9]

Citations[]

  1. ^ a b c LR (776), Seq.No.H330.
  2. ^ a b c d Trans Atlantic Slave Trade Database – Hyacinth voyage #91843.
  3. ^ a b c Smith & Webber (1932), p. 79.
  4. ^ Trans Atlantic Slave Trade Database – Hyacinth voyage #91844.
  5. ^ LR (1779), Seq.No.362.
  6. ^ "The Marine List". Lloyd's List. No. 1262. 27 April 1781. Retrieved 29 November 2021.
  7. ^ DANFS: Saratoga I (Sloop).
  8. ^ a b Smith & Webber (1932), p. 112.
  9. ^ Smith & Webber (1932), p. 114.

References[]

  • Smith, Josiah (1932). Webber, Mabel L. (ed.). "Josiah Smith's Diary, 1780-1781". South Carolina Historical and Genealogical Magazine. 33 (2): 79–116.
  • Williams, Gomer (1897). History of the Liverpool Privateers and Letters of Marque: With an Account of the Liverpool Slave Trade. W. Heinemann.
  • This article incorporates text from the public domain Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships. The entry can be found here.
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