Toxophora

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Toxophora
Toxophora amphitea.jpg
Toxophora amphitea
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Animalia
Phylum:
Arthropoda
Class:
Insecta
Order:
Diptera
Suborder:
Brachycera
Infraorder:
Asilomorpha
Superfamily:
Asiloidea
Family:
Bombyliidae
Subfamily:
Toxophorinae
Tribe:
Genus:
Toxophora

Meigen, 1803
Type species

Villers, 1789
Synonyms
  • Eniconevra Macquart, 1840
  • Heniconevra Agassiz, 1846
  • Heniconeura Bezzi, 1903
  • Toxomyia Hull, 1973
  • Enicocera

Toxophora is a genus of flies belonging to the family Bombyliidae (bee-flies). There are 47 described species, distributed throughout the world, although they are most abundant in Southwestern United States and western Mediterranean. World catalog of bee flies (Diptera: Bombyliidae) They are strange, stout, robust flies with a hunchbacked form, with a body length of 6–12 mm and wings 4 to 7.5mm. Most species are black with banding or spots.[1]

Larvae feed in the nest of wasps of the genus Odynerus.[1][2]

Ectoparasitoids in nests of solitary bees & wasps Research.net. Yeates, D. The evolutionary pattern of host use in the Bombyliidae (Diptera): a diverse family of parasitoid flies

Species[]

  • Efflatoun, 1945 (Afrotropical: Sudan. Palaearctic: Egypt, Oman, Saudi Arabia)
  • Bowden, 1964 (Afrotropical: Ghana, Ivory Coast)
  • Loew in Alayo & Garcia Avila, 1983
  • Guérin-Méneville, 1835 (Nearctic:)
  • Séguy, 1930 (Neotropical: Argentina)
  • T. amphitea Walker, 1849 (USA (Texas))
  • Osten Sacken, 1877 (Nearctic: Mexico (Guerrero, Sonora), USA (District of Columbia, Florida, Maryland, Missouri, Texas))
  • var. angusta Paramonov, 1933 (Palaearctic: Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan)
  • Macquart, 1848 (Brazil (Paraná) )
  • Róndani, 1848 (Brazil or Uruguay)
  • Séguy, 1930 (French Guiana)
  • Curran, 1934 (Neotropical: Brazil (Acre, Paraná, Roraima), French Guiana, Guyana)
  • Hesse, 1938 (Afrotropical: Lesotho, Namibia, South Africa (Eastern Cape, Northern Cape, Western Cape))
  • Paramonov, 1933 (Palaearctic: Egypt, Israel)
  • Guérin-Méneville, 1830 (Afrotropical: Ghana, Ivory Coast, Senegal)
  • Karsch, 1887 (Afrotropical: Botswana, Burundi, Kenya, Mozambique, Senegal, South Africa (KwaZulu-Natal, Mpumalanga, Northern Province), Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe)
  • Roberts, 1929 (Australasian/Oceanian: Australia (Queensland))
  • Hesse, 1938 (Afrotropical: Namibia, South Africa (Western Cape))
  • (Fabricius, 1787) (Nearctic: Mexico (Morelos, Nayarit). Neotropical: Brazil (Goiás, Mato Grosso, Pará), Colombia, French Guiana, Panama, Suriname)
  • Paramonov, 1933 (Turkmenistan)
  • Paramonov, 1933 (Palaearctic: Iran, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan)
  • Speiser, 1910 (Tanzania)
  • Hesse, 1938 (Afrotropical: Botswana, Kenya, Namibia, South Africa (Eastern Cape, KwaZulu-Natal, Mpumalanga, Northern Province, Western Cape), Tanzania, Zimbabwe)
  • Zaitzev, 1980 (Palaearctic: Mongolia)
  • Hermann, 1907 (Afrotropical: Sudan. Palaearctic: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Egypt, Gruzia, Syria, Tajikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan)
  • Hesse, 1938 (Afrotropical: ?Kenya, Namibia, Tanzania, Zimbabwe)
  • (Villers, 1789) (Afrotropical: Sudan. Palaearctic: Algeria, Armenia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Egypt, France (incl. Corsica), Germany, Greece (incl. Zakynthos), Gruzia, Hungary, Iran, Israel, Italy (incl. Sicily), Kazakhstan, Kyrgyz Republic, Lebanon, Libya, Moldova, Morocco, Romania, Russia (SET), Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Switzerland, Tajikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan)
  • Gray in Griffiths & Pidgeon, 1832 (Patria Ignota)
  • (Macquart, 1840) (Palaearctic: Algeria, France)
  • Tabet, 2001 (Nearctic: USA (Idaho))
  • Wiedemann, 1821 (Oriental: China (Fujian), India (Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal), Hong Kong, Indonesia (Java, Nusa Tenggara), Laos, Malaysia (Peninsular), Philippines. Palaearctic: China)
  • Paramonov, 1925 (Palaearctic: Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan)
  • (d’Andretta & Carrera, 1950) (Neotropical: Brazil (Pará, São Paulo))
  • Séguy, 1930 (Neotropical: Argentina, Bolivia, Paraguay)
  • T. leucopyga Wiedemann, 1828 (Nearctic: USA (Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, North Carolina))
  • Efflatoun, 1945 (Afrotropical: Sudan. Palaearctic: Egypt)
  • Karsch, 1886 (Afrotropical: Angola, Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Ghana, Ivory Coast, Senegal)
  • T. maxima Coquillett, 1886 (Nearctic: Mexico (Baja California Norte, Baja California Sur Tiburon I), USA (Arizona, California, Idaho, Kansas, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Oregon, Texas))
  • Hesse, 1938 (Afrotropical: Botswana, Namibia, South Africa (Eastern Cape, Western Cape))
  • d’Andretta & Carrera, 1950 (Neotropical: Brazil (Ceará))
  • T. pellucida Coquillett, 1886 (Nearctic: Canada (Alberta), Mexico (Baja California Sur), USA (Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Kansas, Nevada, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Oregon, Texas, Washington))
  • Paramonov, 1933 (Palaearctic: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Gruzia, Kyrgyz Republic, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan.punctipennis)
  • Bezzi, 1921 (Afrotropical: Namibia, South Africa (KwaZulu-Natal), Zimbabwe)
  • Hesse, 1963 (Afrotropical: Namibia, South Africa (Northern Cape, Western Cape))
  • Séguy, 1934 (Palaearctic: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Cyprus, Gruzia)
  • (d’Andretta & Carrera, 1950) (Neotropical: Brazil (São Paulo))
  • (Séguy, 1930) (Neotropical: Cuba)
  • Bezzi, 1908 (Afrotropical: Congo, Guinea-Bissau, Nigeria)
  • Paramonov, 1933 (Palaearctic: Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan)
  • Williston, 1901 (Nearctic: Mexico (Colima, Guerrero, Morelos, Veracruz-Llave).Neotropical: Guatemala)
  • Coquillett, 1891 (Nearctic: USA (Arizona, California, Colorado, Nevada))
  • T. virgata Osten Sacken, 1877 (Nearctic: Mexico (Baja California Sur, Sonora), USA (Arizona, California, Colorado, Georgia, Idaho, Nevada, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Texas, Utah))
  • Bezzi, 1924 (Afrotropical: Uganda)
  • (d’Andretta & Carrera, 1950) (Neotropical: Brazil (Rio de Janeiro))

[3][4]

References[]

  1. ^ a b Hull, F.M. (1973). Bee flies of the world. The genera of the family Bombyliidae. Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press. pp. 687 pp. ISBN 0-87474-131-9.
  2. ^ Townsend, C. H. T. (1891). "Description of the Pupa of Toxophora Virgata O. S" (PDF). Psyche. Cambridge: Cambridge Entomological Club. 6 (205): 455–456. doi:10.1155/1893/49585. Retrieved 2009-01-12.
  3. ^ "World Catalog Family Bombyliidae Latreille (part 1 (Oligodraninae through Bombyliinae, p. 1-206)" (PDF). Bishop Museum. 1999. pp. 1–206. Retrieved 12 January 2009.
  4. ^ "World Catalog Family Bombyliidae Latreille (part 1 (Oligodraninae through Bombyliinae, p. 1-206) - Revised Edition" (PDF). Bishop Museum. September 2003. pp. 1–206. Retrieved 12 January 2009.
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