Toxopneustidae
| Toxopneustidae | |
|---|---|
| |
| Tripneustes gratilla | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Echinodermata |
| Class: | Echinoidea |
| Order: | Camarodonta |
| Infraorder: | Echinidea |
| Family: | Toxopneustidae Troschel, 1872 [1] |
Toxopneustidae is a family of globular sea urchins in the class Echinoidea.
Characteristics[]
All Camarodonts have imperforate tubercles and compound ambulacral plates. In addition, the Toxopneustids are characterised by the peristome, or opening through the test, having a sharp margin with the buccal notches being prominent. The tubercles lack the crenulations or ring of cog-like structures that articulate with the spines in certain other families. The Aristotle's lantern, or jaw apparatus, has the keeled teeth and the epiphyses united above the foramen magnum, the V-shaped gap between the hemipyramids that support the lantern's tooth.[2]
Genera[]
- Duncan, 1889
- Gymnechinus Mortensen, 1903b
- Lytechinus A. Agassiz, 1863
- H.L. Clark, 1912
- Pomel, 1869
- Troschel, 1869
- Pomel, 1869
- Arnold & H.L. Clark, 1927
- Sphaerechinus Desor, 1856
- Toxopneustes L. Agassiz, 1841b
- Tripneustes L. Agassiz, 1841b [1]
See also[]
- Lytechinus variegatus
- Lytechinus williamsi
- Toxopneustes pileolus
- Tripneustes gratilla
- Tripneustes ventricosus
References[]
- ^ a b Toxopneustidae World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 2011-08-27.
- ^ The Echinoid Directory The Natural History Museum. Retrieved 2011-08-27.
Categories:
- Toxopneustidae