Trillium chloropetalum
| Trillium chloropetalum | |
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Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Monocots |
| Order: | Liliales |
| Family: | Melanthiaceae |
| Genus: | Trillium |
| Species: | T. chloropetalum
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| Binomial name | |
| Trillium chloropetalum | |
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Synonymy | |
Trillium chloropetalum, also known as giant trillium,[3] giant wakerobin,[4] or common trillium,[5] is a species of flowering plant in the family Melanthiaceae. It is found in the coast ranges of California and the Sierra Nevada foothills, from Siskiyou County to Santa Barbara and Madera Counties.[6]
Taxonomy[]
As of February 2021, Kew's Plants of the World Online (POWO) accepts two infraspecific names:[7]
- Trillium chloropetalum var. chloropetalum
- Trillium chloropetalum var. giganteum (Hook. & Arn.) Munz
The petals of T. chloropetalum var. chloropetalum always show yellow pigments, which are often masked with purple or other pigments.[8] In contrast, the petals of T. chloropetalum var. giganteum lack yellow pigments.[9] Thus the varieties are only weakly differentiated and should probably be dropped.[3]
In the San Francisco Bay Area, a white-petaled form of T. chloropetalum var. giganteum is often confused with T. albidum, which also has white petals. The former is distinguished by the purple pigment in its anther connective tissue, a character lacking in T. albidum.[10]
Description[]
Trillium chloropetalum is a perennial herbaceous plant that blooms from late February to early or mid April. The petal color is variable, from dark red to white. Like other Trillium species the leaves and flowers are grouped in threes. It is clump-forming and prefers a shady woodland habitat.[3]
Uses[]
The variety Trillium chloropetalum var. giganteum, with its deep maroon flower petals, gained the Award of Garden Merit (AGM) from the Royal Horticultural Society in 1993.[11][12]
Bibliography[]
- Case, Frederick W.; Case, Roberta B. (1997). Trilliums. Portland, Oregon: Timber Press. ISBN 978-0-88192-374-2.
- Freeman, J. D. (1975). "Revision of Trillium subgenus Phyllantherum (Liliaceae)". Brittonia. 27 (1): 1–62. doi:10.2307/2805646. JSTOR 2805646. S2CID 20824379.
References[]
- ^ "Trillium chloropetalum". NatureServe Explorer. NatureServe. Retrieved 2008-05-02.
- ^ "Trillium stamineum". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c Case Jr., Frederick W. (2002). "Trillium chloropetalum". In Flora of North America Editorial Committee (ed.). Flora of North America North of Mexico (FNA). 26. New York and Oxford – via eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA.
- ^ "Trillium chloropetalum". Natural Resources Conservation Service PLANTS Database. USDA. Retrieved 15 December 2015.
- ^ "Trillium chloropetalum". Calflora: Information on California plants for education, research and conservation. Berkeley, California: The Calflora Database – via www.calflora.org.
- ^ "Trillium chloropetalum". County-level distribution map from the North American Plant Atlas (NAPA). Biota of North America Program (BONAP). 2014. Retrieved 7 October 2019.
- ^ "Trillium chloropetalum (Torr.) Howell". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 21 February 2021.
- ^ Case Jr., Frederick W. (2002). "Trillium chloropetalum var. chloropetalum". In Flora of North America Editorial Committee (ed.). Flora of North America North of Mexico (FNA). 26. New York and Oxford – via eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA.
- ^ Case Jr., Frederick W. (2002). "Trillium chloropetalum var. giganteum". In Flora of North America Editorial Committee (ed.). Flora of North America North of Mexico (FNA). 26. New York and Oxford – via eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA.
- ^ Freeman (1975), p. 51.
- ^ "Trillium chloropetalum var. giganteum". Royal Horticultural Society. Retrieved 21 February 2021.
- ^ "Ornamentals AGM Plants March 2020" (PDF). Royal Horticultural Society. p. 112. Retrieved 21 February 2021.
External links[]
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Trillium chloropetalum. |
- Calflora Database: Trillium chloropetalum (Giant wakerobin)
- Jepson eFlora (TJM2) treatment of Trillium chloropetalum — Jepson Manual Online.
- Biodiversity Information Serving Our Nation (BISON) occurrence data and maps for Trillium chloropetalum[permanent dead link]
- Biodiversity Information Serving Our Nation (BISON) occurrence data and maps for Trillium chloropetalum var. chloropetalum[permanent dead link]
- Biodiversity Information Serving Our Nation (BISON) occurrence data and maps for Trillium chloropetalum var. giganteum[permanent dead link]
- Citizen science observations for Trillium chloropetalum at iNaturalist
- NatureServe secure species
- Trillium
- Endemic flora of California
- Flora of the Sierra Nevada (U.S.)
- Natural history of the California chaparral and woodlands
- Natural history of the California Coast Ranges
- Natural history of the San Francisco Bay Area
- Plants described in 1857
- Taxa named by John Torrey
- Taxa named by John Thomas Howell