Trivia (gastropod)

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Trivia
Trivia monacha 2.jpg
Seven shells of Trivia monacha from beach drift near Aberffraw, Anglesey.
Scale is in cm.
Scientific classification e
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Subclass: Caenogastropoda
Order: Littorinimorpha
Family: Triviidae
Subfamily: Triviinae
Genus: Trivia
Gray, 1837
Type species
Cypraea europaea
Montagu, 1808

Trivia is a genus of small sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the family Triviidae, the trivias.[1]

These are known in Britain as "cowries".[citation needed] The shell of these species does superficially resemble the shell of a very small cowry, but Trivia species are not very closely related to true cowries.

Species[]

The genus Trivia has recently[when?] been split into many genera, including Cleotrivia, Niveria, Pusula, Triviella, Trivirostra etc., but this information is not yet shown completely in the species list below. There is currently no consensus about definition of the genera backed by a reliable phylogenetic scheme, for which reason all European species in the ERMS context are maintained under genus Trivia, around the type species Trivia arctica.[1]

Species within the genus Trivia include, according to the World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS)[1]

Species named in other databases[which?]
[citation needed]
  • (Gray, 1827) - California trivia
  • (Sowerby, 1832)
  • (Sowerby, 1832) - Solander's trivia
Species brought into synonymy
  • Trivia abyssicola Schepman, 1909: synonym of (Schepman, 1909)
  • Trivia acuminata Schilder, 1932: synonym of Trivia monacha (da Costa, 1778)
  • Trivia acutisulcata Kenyon, 1900: synonym of (Gray in G. B. Sowerby II, 1832)
  • Trivia affinis Marrat, 1867: synonym of (Shaw, 1909)
  • Trivia antillarum Schilder, 1922 - Antilles trivia : synonym of Cleotrivia antillarum (Schilder, 1922)
  • Trivia aperta (Swainson, 1822): synonym of Triviella aperta (Swainson, 1822)
  • Trivia atomaria Dall, 1902: synonym of (Dall, 1902)
  • Trivia bipunctata Odhner, 1917: synonym of (Odhner, 1917)
  • Trivia bitou Pallary, 1912: synonym of Trivia candidula (Gaskoin, 1836)
  • Trivia caelatura Hedley, 1918: synonym of (Hedley, 1918)
  • Trivia calvariola Kilburn, 1980: synonym of (Kilburn, 1980)
  • † Trivia canariensis Rothpletz & Simonelli, 1890: synonym of † (Rothpletz & Simonelli, 1890)
  • Trivia corinneae Shaw, 1909: synonym of (Shaw, 1909)
  • Trivia corrugata Pease, 1868: synonym of Trivirostra corrugata (Pease, 1868)
  • Trivia cosmoi Dautzenberg, 1921: synonym of (Gray in G. B. Sowerby II, 1832)
  • Trivia costata (Gmelin, 1791): synonym of (Gmelin, 1791)
  • Trivia dalmatica Coen, 1937: synonym of Trivia multilirata (G. B. Sowerby II, 1870)
  • Trivia dartevellei Knudsen, 1955: synonym of Pseudopusula depauperata (G. B. Sowerby I, 1832)
  • Trivia debruini Lorenz, 1994: synonym of (Liltved & Millard, 1994)
  • Trivia desirabilis Iredale, 1912: synonym of (Iredale, 1912)
  • Trivia dorsolevigata Schilder, 1932: synonym of Trivia arctica (Pulteney, 1799)
  • Trivia edgari Shaw, 1909: synonym of Trivirostra edgari (Shaw, 1909)
  • Trivia elsiae Howard & Sphon, 1960: synonym of (Howard & Sphon, 1960)
  • Trivia eos Roberts, 1913: synonym of (Roberts, 1913)
  • Trivia eratoides Liltved, 1986: synonym of (Liltved, 1986)
  • Trivia europaea (Montagu, 1808): synonym of Trivia monacha (da Costa, 1778)
  • Trivia exigua (Gray, 1832) : synonym of Trivirostra exigua (Gray, 1831)
  • Trivia flora Marwick, 1928: synonym of Trivia zealandica Kirk, 1882: synonym of † (Kirk, 1882)
  • Trivia gaskoini Roberts, 1870: synonym of (Gray, 1827)
  • Trivia globosa (Sowerby II, 1832): synonym of (Gray in G.B. Sowerby II, 1832)
  • Trivia globulosa Locard & Caziot, 1900: synonym of Trivia arctica (Pulteney, 1799)
  • Trivia goslineri Liltved & Millard, 1994: synonym of (Liltved & Millard, 1994)
  • Trivia hallucinata Liltved, 1984: synonym of (Liltved, 1984)
  • Trivia hispania Cate, 1979: synonym of Trivia arctica (Pulteney, 1799)
  • Trivia hordacea (Keiner, 1843): synonym of Trivirostra hordacea (Kiener, 1843)
  • Trivia hybrida Schilder, 1931: synonym of (Schilder, 1931)
  • Trivia jousseaumei Locard, 1886: synonym of Trivia monacha (da Costa, 1778)
  • Trivia khanya Liltved, 1986: synonym of Triviella khanya (Liltved, 1986)
  • Trivia lemaitrei Liltved, 1986: synonym of '' (Liltved, 1986)
  • Trivia leucosphaera Schilder, 1931 - little white trivia : synonym of Dolichupis leucosphaera (Schilder, 1931)
  • Trivia liltvedi Gofas, 1984: synonym of Niveria liltvedi (Gofas, 1984)
  • Trivia magnidentata Liltved, 1986: synonym of Triviella magnidentata (Liltved, 1986)
  • Trivia maltbiana Schwengel and McGinty, 1942: synonym of Pusula maltbiana (Schwengel & McGinty, 1942)
  • Trivia marlowi Rosenberg & Finley, 2001: synonym of Trivellona marlowi (Rosenberg & Finley, 2001)
  • Trivia massieri Martin & Poppe, 1991: synonym of (Martin & Poppe, 1991)
  • Trivia merces (Iredale, 1924) - New Zealand cowry: synonym of Ellatrivia merces (Iredale, 1924)
  • Trivia millardi (Cate, 1979) - West Coast baby's toes : synonym of Triviella millardi (Cate, 1979)
  • Trivia mollerati Locard, 1894: synonym of Trivia arctica (Pulteney, 1799)
  • Trivia multicostata Liltved, 1986: synonym of (Liltved, 1986)
  • Trivia myrae Campbell, 1961: synonym of (Campbell, 1961)
  • Trivia neglecta (Schilder, 1930): synonym of Schilder, 1930
  • Trivia nix (Schilder, 1922) - snowy trivia: synonym of Niveria nix (Schilder, 1922)
  • Trivia oryza (Lamarck, 1810): synonym of Trivirostra oryza (Lamarck, 1810)
  • Trivia occidentalis Schilder, 1922: synonym of Cleotrivia antillarum (Schilder, 1922)
  • Trivia ovulata (Lamarck, 1810) - baby's toes: synonym of Triviella ovulata (Lamarck, 1811)
  • Trivia pacei Petuch, 1987: synonym of (G. B. Sowerby II, 1870)
  • Trivia paucicostata Schepman, 1909: synonym of Trivellona paucicostata (Schepman, 1909)
  • Trivia pediculus (Linnaeus, 1758) - coffeebean trivia: synonym of Pusula pediculus (Linnaeus, 1758)
  • Trivia pediculus var. permagna Johnson, 1910: synonym of † (Johnson, 1910)
  • Trivia pellucidula (Gaskoin, 1846): synonym of Trivirostra pellucidula (Gaskoin, 1846)
  • Trivia phalacra (Schilder, 1930): synonym of Triviella phalacra Schilder, 1930
  • Trivia procella Cate, 1979: synonym of Trivia monacha (da Costa, 1778)
  • Trivia producta (Gaskoin, 1836): synonym of (Gaskoin, 1836)
  • Trivia pulex (Gray, 1827): synonym of Trivia mediterranea (Risso, 1826)
  • Trivia pullicina Mollerat, 1890: synonym of Trivia mediterranea (Risso, 1826)
  • Trivia quadripunctata (Gray, 1827) - four-spot trivia,: synonym of Niveria quadripunctata
  • Trivia ritteri Raymond, 1903: synonym of (Raymond, 1903)
  • Trivia rubra Shaw, 1909: synonym of (Shaw, 1909)
  • Trivia sanctispiritus Shikama, 1974: synonym of (Shikama, 1974)
  • Trivia sibogae Schepman, 1909: synonym of (Schepman, 1909)
  • Trivia splendidissima (Tomlin & Schilder, 1934): synonym of (Tomlin & Schilder, 1934)
  • Trivia suavis Schilder, 1931: synonym of (Schilder, 1931)
  • Trivia suffusa (Gray, 1832) - pink trivia,: synonym ofNiveria suffusa
  • Trivia tortuga Cate, 1979: synonym of Trivia hispania C. N. Cate, 1979 accepted as Trivia arctica (Pulteney, 1799)
  • Trivia valerieae Hart, 1996: synonym of (Hart, 1996)
  • Trivia vemacola Liltved, 1987: synonym of (Liltved, 1987)
  • Trivia verhoefi Gosliner & Liltved, 1982: synonym of (Gosliner & Liltved, 1981)
  • Trivia vesicularis (Gaskoin, 1836): synonym of (Gaskoin, 1836)
  • Trivia virginiae Liltved, 1986: synonym of (Liltved, 1986)
  • Trivia vitrosphaera Dolin, 2001: synonym of Gregoia vitrosphaera (Dolin, 2001) (original combination)
  • Trivia zealandica Kirk, 1882: synonym of † (Kirk, 1882)

European species: Trivia arctica, T. candidula, T. monacha and T. multirilata

Western Atlantic species with updated genera: [1]

References[]

  1. ^ Jump up to: a b c Gofas, S. (2010). Trivia. In: Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S.; Rosenberg, G. (2010) World Marine Mollusca database. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=138582 on 2010-11-04
  • "Trivia". Integrated Taxonomic Information System.
  • Liltved, W. R. 2000 Cowries and their relatives of southern Africa ISBN 0-908420-89-7
  • Powell A. W. B., New Zealand Mollusca, William Collins Publishers Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand 1979 ISBN 0-00-216906-1
  • Glen Pownall, New Zealand Shells and Shellfish, Seven Seas Publishing Pty Ltd, Wellington, New Zealand 1979 ISBN 0-85467-054-8
  • Sea Slug Forum [2]
  • Malacolog list of western Atlantic species [3]
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