Tug (banner)

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For the administrative sudivision known as a banner, see Banners of Inner Mongolia.
A banner flown in Sükhbaatar Square, Ulaanbaatar
Ottoman Hungarian tughs captured by Ferdinand II, Archduke of Austria in 1556.[1]
A 19th century Ottoman tugh

A tug (Mongolian: туг [tʰʊɡ], Turkish: tuğ, Ottoman Turkish: طوغ ṭuġ or توغ tuġ) or sulde (Mongolian: сүлд) is a pole with circularly arranged horse or yak tail hairs of varying colors arranged at the top. It was historically flown by Turkic tribes such as Tuğluğ Confederation[2] and also during the period of the Mongol Empire, and later used in derived Turco-Mongol khanates. It was also used by the Ottoman Empire, a state which was founded by Turkic Oghuz tribes.[3] In the 17th century, it was also adopted by Slavic cavalry (cossacks, haidamaka), under the name bunchuk (Ukrainian: Бунчук, Polish: Buńczuk) which is the reflection of the original Turkic word boncuk. It is still used by some units of the Polish military.[4]

History[]

Early history[]

It is known that tuğs were used by various Turkic tribes in the course of history. A Turkic tribal confederation was named after tuğ, known as Tuğluğ (